Discarge compilation from The Global River Discharge (RivDIS) Project

The Global River Discharge (RivDIS) data set contains monthly discharge measurements for 1018 stations located throughout the world. The period of record varies widely from station to station, with a mean of 21.5 years. These data were digitized from published UNESCO archives by Charles Voromarty, Balaze Fekete, and B.A. Tucker of the Complex Systems Research Center (CSRC) at the University of New Hampshire. River discharge is typically measured through the use of a rating curve that relates local water level height to discharge. This rating curve is used to estimate discharge from the observed water level. The rating curves are periodically rechecked and recalibrated through on-site measurement of discharge and river stage.

Shedding light on the shadow economy : a nighttime light approach

Measuring the shadow economy is inherently difficult, but critical for understanding economic development. Using census data on formal and informal sectors in Cambodia, we document that 96.6% of non-farm establishments do not formally register with the government, and their sales accounted for 76.6% of total sales in 2011. We estimate a relationship between nighttime light and sales across regions separately for formal and informal firms for 2011, and estimate their past sales from changes in nighttime light for 1993-2010. Both formal and informal firms increased their estimated sales, and the share of informal sales increased from 68.8% in 1993 to 76.6% in 2011, suggesting that the informal sector increased quantitatively in both absolute and relative terms throughout the economic development of the Cambodian economy.

Caietanus super libros de anima cu[m] duplici textus tra[n]slatione, antiqua s[cilicet] Ioa[n]nis Argiropyli, que semper primo loco ponitur ; Eiusde[m] questiones de sensu age[n]te [et] de sensibilibus co[m]munibus, ac de intellectu. Item de substantia or

Pie de imp. tomado del colofón

Repertorium alphabeticu[m] sententiaru[m] prestantiu[m] co[n]te[n]tiuu[m] : decerpta[rum] ex glossa ordinaria, interlineari, Nicolai de lyra ... Litterali, morali postilla ... Pauli Epi[scopi] Burge[nsis] ... Additionib[us] ad postil., Matthie Thuringi ..

Es el t. VII de: Textus biblie : cum glosa ordinaria Nicolai de lyra postilla ... - Basileae : Iohannes Petri et Iohannes Frobenius, 1506-1508

Repertorium alphabeticu[m] sententiaru[m] prestantiu[m] co[n]te[n]tiuu[m] : decerpta[rum] ex glossa ordinaria, interlineari, Nicolai de lyra ... Litterali, morali postilla ... Pauli Epi[scopi] Burge[nsis] ... Additionib[us] ad postil., Matthie Thuringi ..

Es el t. VII de: Textus biblie : cum glosa ordinaria Nicolai de lyra postilla ... - Basileae : Iohannes Petri et Iohannes Frobenius, 1506-1508

Quinta pars huius operis co[n]tine[n]s postillam / d[omi]ni Hugonis Cardinalis super quattuor eua[n]gelia s[e]c[un]d[u]m Mattheu[m], Marcum, Lucam, Iohannem.

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Portentosa vida de el apostol de la Europa S. Vicente Ferrer ... : entresacada de la misma reflesionada y mas veridica que escrivió ... Francisco Vidal y Micó ... de Predicadores ...

Viñeta xil. en port

How varies optimal welfare pricing with income distribution? The case of the untolled alternative.

In some countries, such as Spain, it is very common that in the same corridor there are two roads with the same origin and destination but with some differences. The most important contrast is that one is a toll highway which offers a better quality than the parallel road in exchange of a price. The users decide if the price of the toll is worth to pay for the advantages offered. This problem is known as the untolled alternative and it has been largely studied in the academic literature, particularly related to economic efficiency and the optimal welfare toll. However, there is a gap in the literature academic regarding how it affects income distribution to the optimal toll. The main objective of the paper is to fill this gap. In this paper a theoretical model in order to obtain the optimal welfare price in a toll highway that competes for capturing the traffic with a conventional road is developed. This model is done for non-usual users who decide over the expectation of free flow conditions. This model is finally applied to the variables we want to focus on: average value of travel time (VTT) which is strongly related with income, dispersion of this VTT and traffic levels, from free flow to congestion. Derived from the results, we conclude that the higher the average VTT the higher the optimal price, the higher the dispersion of this VTT the lower the optimal price and finally, the more the traffic the higher the optimal toll.