Is Our Business Family-Centered?

Human Services agencies often claim to be family-centered, but continue to implement “Service Integration” in a way that supports their mission rather than supporting families. David Berns, guest editor for this issue of the Journal of Family Strengths, presents a framework for redefining the role of governmental agencies beyond their day-to-day delivery of services to one that prevents the need for more intrusive and more costly interventions. Under this philosophy, agencies must consider how families functioned before they requested assistance, and how they will function if services are not successful. By taking the time to truly understand a family’s needs, caseworkers often discover that they may need a service for which they are not eligible and may be eligible for services that they don’t want or need. Instead of focusing entirely on what their agency can do for the family, caseworkers should consider all types of support that might produce better results. Families often need support from friends and communities rather than, or in addition to, a formalized service. Facilitating natural supports in the community may prevent the need for a governmental program. It is only when basic supports break down that families must use ever more intensive and costly programs. The author gives examples of how this framework is guiding the redesign of the TANF Program in Washington, D.C.

Collaborative Conversations for Change: A SolutionFocused Approach to Family Centered Practice

The renewed interest in Family Centered Practice, prompted by the funding of Family Preservation and Support Programs, has created a need for training practitioners at a number of different levels and for a variety of roles. This paper will describe a training program for Family Centered Practice. Building on an empowerment model, the author presents an approach for working with families and children that views the tragedies of the past as resources, rather than the major cause of present problems. Collaborative Conversations for Change adapts the solution-focused therapy model to nontherapy roles that are required for a program to be family centered. Although these roles are not therapy, they are nevertheless therapeutic and reinforce clients' strengths. These collaborative conversations, however brief they may be, recognize that the client is the expert on his/her pain and struggles and the practitioner is the expert on assisting her/him plan change. Additionally, illustrations from a cross-cultural perspective demonstrate the utility of collaborative conversation in enhancing cultural competence.

Creating a Family-Centered Plan: Family Negotiation in Child Welfare

In this article, the conceptual and theoretical underpinnings for child welfare negotiations, assessment strategies useful in preparing for such negotiations, and practice implications for child protective service workers involved in the process are explored. Particular emphasis is given to the benefits of employing negotiation techniques in child welfare matters. The opportunities to use negotiation strategies are numerous in the child welfare arena. They range from formal mediation of an adoption plan, to family group conferencing of a placement issue, to negotiating a visitation and access plan with a parent. Common to all of these situations is the recognition that families have a better chance of success and potential for a better outcome when they are part of the planning and when they are empowered in the process.

Fiscal year ... Illinois salary and staffing survey : child care centers and family child care home providers /

The Illinois Dept. of Human Services is required by the legislative rule (20 ILCS 505/5.15) to conduct a survey of licensed child care facilities every two years.

Patterns of family centered treatment, a descriptive study of 30 FCP closed cases

Includes bibliography.

Family centred care: a review of qualitative studies

Aim. To review systematically qualitative studies, which were found during a literature search for a Cochrane systematic review of the use of family centred care in children's hospitals. Background. Family centred care has become a cornerstone of paediatric practice, however, its effectiveness is not known. No single definition exists, rather a list of elements that constitute family centred care. However, it is recognized to involve the parents in care planning for a child in health services. A new definition is presented here. Methods. The papers were found in wide range of databases, by hand searching and by contacting the authors where necessary, using terms given in detail in the protocol in the Cochrane Library, in 2004. Qualitative studies could not be used for statistical analysis, but are still important to the review and so are described separately in this paper. Results. Negotiation between staff and families, perceptions held by both parents and staff roles influenced the delivery of family centred care. A sub-theme of cost of family centred care to families and staffs was discovered and this included both financial and emotional costs. Conclusion. Further research is needed to generate evidence about family centred care in situations arising from modern models of care in which family centred care is thought to be an inherent part, but which leave families with the care of sick children with little or no support. Relevance to clinical practice. Family centred care is said to be used widely in practice. More research is needed to ensure that is it being implemented correctly.

Person-Centered Care Training, May 16, 2014

A FREE training event that will offer valuable and timely information about:  *LifeLong Links Network Statewide Expansion  *Preadmission Screening and Resident Review (PASRR) in Iowa  *Magellan Health Services—SeniorConnect and Integrated Health Homes (IHH)  *The role of the Long Term Care Ombudsman

Psychosocial Risk Factors, Interventions, and Comorbidity in Patients with Non-Specific Low Back Pain in Primary Care: Need for Comprehensive and Patient-Centered Care

International audience

New graduate nurses' developmental trajectories for capability beliefs concerning core competencies for healthcare professionals : A national cohort study on patient-centered care, teamwork and evidence-based practice.

Background: This study aimed to describe the developmental trajectories of registered nurses' capability beliefs during their first 3 years of practice. The focus was on three core competencies for health professionals-patient-centered care, teamwork, and evidence-based practice. Methods: A national cohort of registered nurses (n = 1,205) was recruited during their nursing education and subsequently surveyed yearly during the first 3 years of working life. The survey included 16 items on capability beliefs divided into three subscales for the assessment of patient-centered care, teamwork, and evidence-based practice, and the data were analyzed with linear latent growth modeling. Results: The nurses' capability beliefs for patient-centered care increased over the three first years of working life, their capability beliefs for evidence-based practice were stable over the 3 years, and their capability beliefs for teamwork showed a downward trend. Linking evidence to action: Through collaboration between nursing education and clinical practice, the transition to work life could be supported and competence development in newly graduated nurses could be enhanced to help them master the core competencies. Future research should focus on determining which factors impact the development of capability beliefs in new nurses and how these factors can be developed by testing interventions.

O cuidado familiar à criança portadora de estomias intestinais no contexto domiciliar

O avanço e a modernização tecnológica e farmacológica nos diversos campos de atenção a saúde, tem garantido a sobrevivência de muitas crianças, especialmente as que nascem ou são portadoras de distúrbios funcionais complexos. Entretanto, se por um lado estes avanços tecnológicos permitiram a sobrevivência de crianças com diferentes distúrbios fisiológicos, por outro, gerou crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde, como as estomizadas. A emergência da criança estomizada e seu crescimento no território nacional circunscreve a problemática do estudo, uma vez que para o atendimento das demandas de cuidados desta criança, é necessário transcender os cuidados habituais, uma vez que a criança estomizada requer cuidados específicos. Objeto de estudo: o cuidado familiar à criança com estomia intestinal no contexto domiciliar. Objetivos: descrever os locais e pessoas com quem os familiares cuidadores aprenderam a cuidar da criança com estomia intestinal, identificar as práticas de cuidados realizadas pelos cuidadores e discutir os desafios que os familiares cuidadores encontraram para atender as demandas de cuidados das crianças com estomias intestinais no domicilio. Acreditando que os familiares adquirem conhecimentos para cuidar das crianças com estomias a partir de sua interação com outros sujeitos no seu ambiente social, os alicerces teóricos deste estudo estão pautados na aprendizagem social de Vygotsky e no Cuidado Centrado na Família. Descrição metodológica: a pesquisa qualitativa foi desenvolvida segundo método criativo sensível, sendo implementadas as dinâmicas de criatividade e sensibilidade Mapa Falante e Corpo Saber no domicílio de seis grupos de familiares cuidadores. A análise de discurso francesa foi aplicada à interpretação e à explicação dos materiais empíricos emergentes do trabalho de campo. Resultados: O hospital, o ambulatório, o domicilio e o contexto societal, emergiram como locais de aprendizado dos familiares cuidadores, cuja mediação foi realizada por profissionais de saúde e pelas mães cuidadoras. A vivência diária dos familiares no cuidado a criança com colostomia e ileostomia, fizeram com que eles criassem novas possibilidades de cuidar através de tentativas, erros e acertos na busca por uma melhor qualidade de vida de seus filhos. Os desafios relacionados às dimensões subjetivas, da prática do cuidar, social e econômica representaram algumas das situações de enfrentamento vivenciadas pelos familiares. O estudo aponta a necessidade de repadronização dos cuidados, onde novos dispositivos tecnológicos de saúde sejam criados e disponibilizados para esta clientela. A falta desses dispositivos faz com que o familiar cuidador tenha a necessidade de adaptações no cuidado da criança a fim de tornar possível o atendimento das demandas relativas a cada etapa de seu desenvolvimento infantil. Além disso, novas políticas públicas de saúde devem ser pensadas a fim de atender integralmente às múltiplas demandas da criança portadora de colostomia ou ileostomia.

O cuidado prestado pela família à criança portadora de encefalopatia hipóxico-isquêmica no contexto domiciliar: contribuições para a enfermagem

Os avanços tecnológicos ocorridos nas últimas três décadas na área da saúde têm garantido a sobrevivência de crianças nascidas extremamente prematuras ou asfíxicas, o que acabou gerando as chamadas crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde, dentre elas, as portadoras de encefalopatia hipóxico-isquêmica. A encefalopatia acomete as crianças em graus variados requerendo cuidados específicos, o que implica na inclusão de suas famílias nas ações de cuidados a criança quando no domicílio. Objeto de estudo: o cuidado prestado pela família à criança portadora de encefalopatia hipóxico-isquêmica no contexto domiciliar. Objetivos: descrever as demandas de cuidados da criança portadora de encefalopatia no domicílio, identificar as práticas de cuidados desenvolvidas pelos familiares cuidadores junto a essas crianças e discutir os desafios determinados por esses cuidados para os familiares cuidadores de criança com encefalopatia no domicílio. Metodologia: pesquisa qualitativa, desenvolvida a partir do método criativo sensível, utilizando a dinâmica corpo-saber no domicílio de cinco grupos de familiares cuidadores, totalizando doze familiares. O período de geração dos dados ocorreu de fevereiro a abril de 2014. Os dados foram analisados a partir da análise de discurso, em sua corrente francesa, e interpretados à luz da concepção freiriana, com destaque para os conceitos de crítica reflexiva, processo de conscientização e educação dialógica e o cuidado centrado na família. Resultados: as práticas de cuidados dos familiares apontaram modificações nos cuidados habituais de alimentação, higiene, desenvolvimento e medicamentoso. Na prática da alimentação, os familiares expressaram suas condutas frente à alimentação por via oral ou por gastrostomia e suas crenças e atitudes frente a essas práticas alimentares. Quanto à higiene, revelaram a necessidade de adaptações na prática habitual do banho. No que se refere aos cuidados voltados ao desenvolvimento, apontaram o lazer e as brincadeiras como elementos adjuvantes ao favorecimento do desenvolvimento infantil. O cuidado medicamentoso emergiu como parte do universo das famílias, apontando a necessidade dos profissionais de saúde, em especial, os da enfermagem, incluírem esta temática em suas pautas de orientações. Quanto aos desafios vividos pelos familiares, esses estiveram relacionados ao medo e a inexperiência no cuidar da criança, ao enfrentamento e a aceitação da necessidade especial de saúde, a necessidade de uma rede de solidariedade cooperando nas dificuldades econômicas e ao atendimento em saúde por diferentes profissionais e especialidades. Conclusão: as múltiplas dimensões de cuidados apresentadas pelas crianças com necessidades especiais de saúde apontam para o profissional de enfermagem a necessidade de desenvolver seu papel educador junto aos familiares pautado na dialogicidade e horizontalidade facilitando, assim, a relação com os estes, em benefício da criança e promovendo a aproximação profissional/família, O estudo assinala a necessidade de dos profissionais de saúde, em especial, o enfermeiro, perceberem a família como um elemento chave no processo de cuidar da criança com necessidades especiais de saúde quando no domicílio.

What are the components of humanized childbirth in a highly specialized hospital? : an organizational case study

Many studies have focused on the concept of humanization of birth in normal pregnancy cases or at low obstetric risk, but no studies, at our knowledge, have so far specifically focused on the humanization of birth in both high-risk, and low risk pregnancies, in a highly specialized hospital setting. The present study thus aims to: 1) define the specific components of the humanized birth care model which bring satisfaction to women who seek obstetrical care in highly specialized hospitals; and 2) explore the organizational and cultural dimensions which act as barriers or facilitators for the implementation of humanized birth care practices in a highly specialized, university affiliated hospital in Quebec. A single case study design was chosen for this thesis. The data were collected through semi-structured interviews, field notes, participant observations, selfadministered questionnaire, relevant documents, and archives. The samples comprised: 11 professionals from different disciplines, 6 administrators from different hierarchical levels within the hospital, and 157 women who had given birth at the hospital during the study. The performed analysis covered both quantitative descriptive and qualitative deductive and inductive content analyses. The thesis comprises three articles. In the first article, we proposed a conceptual framework, based on Allaire and Firsirotu’s (1984) organizational culture theory. It attempts to examine childbirth patterns as an organizational cultural phenomenon. In our second article, we answered the following specific question: according to the managers and multidisciplinary professionals practicing in a highly specialized hospital as well as the women seeking perinatal care in this hospital setting, what is the definition of humanized care? Analysis of the data collected uncovered the following themes which explained the perceptions of what humanized birth was: personalized care, recognition of women’s rights, humanly care for women, family-centered care,women’s advocacy and companionship, compromise of security, comfort and humanity, and non-stereotyped pregnancies. Both high and low risk women felt more satisfied with the care they received if they were provided with informed choices, were given the right to participate in the decision-making process and were surrounded by competent care providers. These care providers who humanly cared for them were also able to provide relevant medical intervention. The professionals and administrators’ perceptions of humanized birth, on the other hand, mostly focused on personalized and family-centered care. In the third article of the thesis, we covered the dimensions of the internal and external components of an institution which can act as factors that facilitate or barriers that prevent, a specialized and university affiliated hospital in Quebec from adopting a humanized child birthing care. The findings revealed that both the external dimensions of a highly specialized hospital -including its history, society, and contingency-; and its internal dimensions -including culture, structure, and the individuals present in the hospital-, can all affect the humanization of birth care in such an institution, whether separately, simultaneously or in interaction. We thus hereby conclude that the humanization of birth care in a highly specialized hospital setting, should aim to meet all the physiological, as well as psychological aspects of birth care, including respect of the fears, beliefs, values, and needs of women and their families. Integration of competent and caring professionals and the use of obstetric technology to enhance the level of certainty and assurance in both high-risk and low risk women are both positive factors for the implementation of humanized care in a highly specialized hospital. Finally, the humanization of birth care approach in a highly specialized and university affiliated hospital setting demands a new healthcare policy. Such policy must offer a guarantee for women to have the place of birth, and the health care professional of their choice as well as those, which will enable women to make informed choices from the beginning of their pregnancy.

La familia del paciente en Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo (UCI)

Introducción: Ingresar a la UCI no es una experiencia exclusiva del paciente; implica e involucra directamente a la familia, en aspectos generadores de estrés, estrategias de afrontamiento, temores, actitudes y expectativas, la participación de la familia en el cuidado y el rol del psicólogo. Objetivo: Revisar de los antecedentes teóricos y empíricos sobre la experiencia de la familia en UCI. Metodología: Se revisaron 62 artículos indexados en bases de datos. Resultados: la UCI es algo desconocido tanto para el paciente como para la familia, por esto este entorno acentúa la aparición de síntomas ansiosos, depresivos y en algunos casos estrés post traumático. La muerte es uno de los principales temores que debe enfrentar la familia. Con el propósito de ajustarse a las demandas de la UCI, los familiares exhiben estrategias de afrontamiento enfocadas principalmente en la comunicación, el soporte espiritual y religioso y la toma de decisiones. El cuidado centrado en la familia permite una mejor comunicación, relación con el paciente y personal médico. El papel del psicólogo es poco explorado en el espacio de la UCI, pero este puede promover estrategias de prevención y de rehabilitación en el paciente y su grupo familiar. Discusión: es importante tener en cuenta que la muerte en UCI es una posibilidad, algunos síntomas como ansiedad, depresión pueden aparecer y mantenerse en el tiempo, centrar el cuidado en la familia permite tomar las decisiones basados en el diagnóstico y pronóstico y promueve expectativas realistas. Conclusiones: temores, expectativas, actitudes, estrategias de afrontamiento, factores generadores de estrés permiten explicar y comprender la experiencia de la familia del paciente en UCI.