La familia del paciente en Unidad de Cuidado Intensivo (UCI)
Contribuinte(s) |
Palacios Espinosa, Ximena |
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Data(s) |
09/12/2013
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Resumo |
Introducción: Ingresar a la UCI no es una experiencia exclusiva del paciente; implica e involucra directamente a la familia, en aspectos generadores de estrés, estrategias de afrontamiento, temores, actitudes y expectativas, la participación de la familia en el cuidado y el rol del psicólogo. Objetivo: Revisar de los antecedentes teóricos y empíricos sobre la experiencia de la familia en UCI. Metodología: Se revisaron 62 artículos indexados en bases de datos. Resultados: la UCI es algo desconocido tanto para el paciente como para la familia, por esto este entorno acentúa la aparición de síntomas ansiosos, depresivos y en algunos casos estrés post traumático. La muerte es uno de los principales temores que debe enfrentar la familia. Con el propósito de ajustarse a las demandas de la UCI, los familiares exhiben estrategias de afrontamiento enfocadas principalmente en la comunicación, el soporte espiritual y religioso y la toma de decisiones. El cuidado centrado en la familia permite una mejor comunicación, relación con el paciente y personal médico. El papel del psicólogo es poco explorado en el espacio de la UCI, pero este puede promover estrategias de prevención y de rehabilitación en el paciente y su grupo familiar. Discusión: es importante tener en cuenta que la muerte en UCI es una posibilidad, algunos síntomas como ansiedad, depresión pueden aparecer y mantenerse en el tiempo, centrar el cuidado en la familia permite tomar las decisiones basados en el diagnóstico y pronóstico y promueve expectativas realistas. Conclusiones: temores, expectativas, actitudes, estrategias de afrontamiento, factores generadores de estrés permiten explicar y comprender la experiencia de la familia del paciente en UCI. Introduction: Joining the ICU is not exclusively a patient’s experience; it involves directly his family, in stress generator factors, confrontation strategies, fears, attitudes and expectations, families’ involvement during care and the psychologist role. Goal: To review the theoretical and empirical precedents about the family’s experience in the ICU. Methodology: 62 data base indexed articles were reviewed. Results: The ICU is an unknown place to the patient and his family, therefore this surroundings stresses the anxiety, depressive and in some cases post-traumatic stress symptoms sprout. Death is one of the main fears that the family has to endure. With the purpose to adjust themselves to the ICUs’ demands, relatives present confrontation strategies focused mainly on communication, spiritual and religious support and decision making. Care focused on family allows a better communication and treat with patient and medical staff. The role of the psychologist is hardly explored inside the ICU, but he can promote prevention and rehabilitation strategies for the patient and his relatives. Debate: It is important to take into account that death in the ICU is a possibility, some symptoms such as anxiety or depression may appear and remain for a while, to centre the care on family allows making decisions based on diagnosis and forecast, and it provides realistic expectations. Conclusions: Fears, expectations, attitudes, confrontation strategies, stress generator factors allow the explanation and comprehension of the family’s experience in the ICU. |
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application/pdf |
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spa |
Publicador |
Escuela de Medicina y Ciencias de la Salud |
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info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess |
Fonte |
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Stress and coping in families of patients in an intensive care unit. Revista de Pesquisa: Cuidado é Fundamental, 5(2): 3608-3619. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.9789/2175-5361.2013.v5i2.3608-3619 TPS |
Palavras-Chave | #155.9042 #Unidad de cuidados intensivos #Estrés #Psicología #Caregivers #Communication #Coping #Decision making #Family #Fears #ICU #Psychologist Role Play #Stress |
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