Iris : proyecto audio-visual : base de datos e im??genes sobre personas con discapacidad

El v??deo est?? realizado por profesores de las ??reas de Did??ctica y Organizaci??n Escolar y Teor??a e Historia de la Educaci??n, durante los a??os 2000 y 2001. Recoge la opini??n de profesionales, padres y madres y personas con discapacidad f??sica (sordos, ciegos y P.C.I.)y personas con discapacidad mental en relaci??n con diferentes aspectos de la vida diaria: hogar, inserci??n laboral, etc. Este recurso did??ctico est?? dise??ado para el visionado, interpretaci??n te??rico-pr??ctica y contraste de opiniones en el aula, de ense??anza superior, para abordar la formaci??n de los profesionales que van a desarrollar su actividad con personas con discapacidad.

Syllable structures is modulating the optimal viewing position in visual word recognition. 'La estructura silábica modula la posición óptima de visualización en el reconocimiento visual de palabras'.

Resumen en español. Resumen basado en el de la publicación

La metodología estructuro-global audio-visual y la enseñanza del francés a distancia.

La función de la Lengua en el Bachillerato es triple: como factor de promoción socio-económica que permite en algunos casos obtener mejoras salariales y en otros alcanzar puestos vedados a los que no conocen idiomas, la UNESCO recomienda su estudio por su función educativa respecto al ser humano, integrante de los distintos grupos nacionales, enriquecimiento del sentido crítico y de tolerancia al apreciar las diferencias y semejanzas de los distintos pueblos, una cultura humanista que debe procurar el estudio de la lengua francesa, máxime para nosotros si tenemos en cuenta que es un país fronterizo nuestro y que permite el camino para llegar a Europa, es lógico que la lengua francesa sea tan importante para nosotros debido a las relaciones comerciales, económicas, etcétera que se desarrollan en esta lengua.; como tercera función, y primordial, el apredizaje de, por lo menos, un idioma, es primordial para la formación de la personalidad. A partir de 1975 son importantes los avances conseguidos en el estudio de un idioma, sobre todo los esfuerzos de renovación didáctica, destacando las aportaciones de la metodología estructuroglobal audiovisual, nacida a partir de los años cincuenta y que está siendo renovada constantemente. Si el alumno ha de aprender el francés a distancia debe tener un material adecuado a través de cassettes con diálogos para aprender a pronunciar correctamente. Después se aprenderá a leer y escribir porque se supone que se sabe pronunciar correctamente y el transcribir la lengua oral es un ejercicio para fijar los conocimientos. Pero el aprendizaje de un idioma debe realizarse dedicando todos los días un tiempo concreto, esta regularidad es la permite aprenderlo. Así, en cada caso el alumno deberá actuar de acuerdo con las orientaciones más precisas y personales de su profesor-tutor y con sus hábitos de trabajo siempre y cuando resulten eficaces.

Visual speech perception: a comparison between younger and older adults

This paper examines the visual speech processing abilities of older adults and the age-related effects on speechreading abilities.

A test of auditory-visual speech perception for hearing-impaired children

This paper discusses a test for speech perception and scoring to test likelihood of success with mainstreaming.

Utilizing hearing assistive technology (HAT) to assess speech recognition: Comparison of word recognition scores obtained by hearing instrument users

The ability for individuals with hearing loss to accurately recognize correct versus incorrect verbal responses during traditional word recognition testing across four different listening conditions was assessed.

Evaluation of auditory-visual speech perception in individuals diagnosed with dementia of the Alzheimer's type

Auditory-visual speech perception testing was completed using wordandconsonant-level stimuli in individuals with known degrees of dementia of theAlzheimer’s type. The correlations with the cognitive measures and the speechperception measures (A-only, V-only, AV, VE or AE) did not reveal significantrelationships.

Visual Object Recognition Using Deformable Models of Vehicles

This workshop paper reports recent developments to a vision system for traffic interpretation which relies extensively on the use of geometrical and scene context. Firstly, a new approach to pose refinement is reported, based on forces derived from prominent image derivatives found close to an initial hypothesis. Secondly, a parameterised vehicle model is reported, able to represent different vehicle classes. This general vehicle model has been fitted to sample data, and subjected to a Principal Component Analysis to create a deformable model of common car types having 6 parameters. We show that the new pose recovery technique is also able to operate on the PCA model, to allow the structure of an initial vehicle hypothesis to be adapted to fit the prevailing context. We report initial experiments with the model, which demonstrate significant improvements to pose recovery.

Televised Whorf: cognitive restructuring in advanced foreign language learners as a function of audio-visual media exposure

The encoding of goal-oriented motion events varies across different languages. Speakers of languages without grammatical aspect (e.g., Swedish) tend to mention motion endpoints when describing events, e.g., “two nuns walk to a house,”, and attach importance to event endpoints when matching scenes from memory. Speakers of aspect languages (e.g., English), on the other hand, are more prone to direct attention to the ongoingness of motion events, which is reflected both in their event descriptions, e.g., “two nuns are walking.”, and in their non-verbal similarity judgements. This study examines to what extent native speakers of Swedish (n = 82) with English as a foreign language (FL) restructure their categorisation of goal-oriented motion as a function of their English proficiency and experience with the English language (e.g., exposure, learning). Seventeen monolingual native English speakers from the United Kingdom (UK) were engaged for comparison purposes. Data on motion event cognition were collected through a memory-based triads matching task, in which a target scene with an intermediate degree of endpoint orientation was matched with two alternative scenes with low and high degrees of endpoint orientation, respectively. Results showed that the preference among the Swedish speakers of L2 English to base their similarity judgements on ongoingness rather than event endpoints was correlated with their use of English in their everyday lives, such that those who often watched television in English approximated the ongoingness preference of the English native speakers. These findings suggest that event cognition patterns may be restructured through the exposure to FL audio-visual media. The results thus add to the emerging picture that learning a new language entails learning new ways of observing and reasoning about reality.

N1 enhancement in synesthesia during visual and audio-visual perception in semantic cross-modal conflict situations: an ERP study

Synesthesia entails a special kind of sensory perception, where stimulation in one sensory modality leads to an internally generated perceptual experience of another, not stimulated sensory modality. This phenomenon can be viewed as an abnormal multisensory integration process as here the synesthetic percept is aberrantly fused with the stimulated modality. Indeed, recent synesthesia research has focused on multimodal processing even outside of the specific synesthesia-inducing context and has revealed changed multimodal integration, thus suggesting perceptual alterations at a global level. Here, we focused on audio-visual processing in synesthesia using a semantic classification task in combination with visually or auditory-visually presented animated and in animated objects in an audio-visual congruent and incongruent manner. Fourteen subjects with auditory-visual and/or grapheme-color synesthesia and 14 control subjects participated in the experiment. During presentation of the stimuli, event-related potentials were recorded from 32 electrodes. The analysis of reaction times and error rates revealed no group differences with best performance for audio-visually congruent stimulation indicating the well-known multimodal facilitation effect. We found enhanced amplitude of the N1 component over occipital electrode sites for synesthetes compared to controls. The differences occurred irrespective of the experimental condition and therefore suggest a global influence on early sensory processing in synesthetes.

The relation between speech recognition in noise and the speech-evoked brainstem response in normal-hearing and hearing-impaired individuals

Little is known about the way speech in noise is processed along the auditory pathway. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relation between listening in noise using the R-Space system and the neurophysiologic response of the speech-evoked auditory brainstem when recorded in quiet and noise in adult participants with mild to moderate hearing loss and normal hearing.

Speech recognition in reverberation in biomodal cochlear implant users

The purpose of the present study was to evaluate the effects of bimodal (implant plus hearing aid) listening on speech recognition in four different environment conditions. Results indicate that there was little difference in the cochlear implant only and bimodal conditions.