Dinâmica da economia e das relações do trabalho da pesca artesanal no município de Santarém

O Estudo de Caso do projeto ora apresentado tem como foco explicitar como se processa a dinâmica da economia e das relações do trabalho na cadeia da pesca artesanal que ocorre nas comunidades pesqueiras de Ituqui e Costa do Tapará, situadas no município de Santarém-PA, onde foram entrevistados e consultados os principais agentes mercantis que atuam nos elos da cadeia produtiva, desde a captura até o comércio atacadista. Após análise e tratamento dos dados que foram obtidos em trabalho de campo, demonstramos como ocorrem os fluxos comerciais e as relações de trabalho nas comunidades pesqueiras estudadas. A pesca é uma atividade voltada ao bem estar e sobrevivência dos pescadores e suas famílias. Os dados foram transcritos para tabelas, nas quais fica demonstrada a desenvoltura da atividade pesqueira naquelas comunidades, desde o processo de captura, passando pela comercialização direta no âmbito das comunidades e diante atuação dos barcos intermediários que interferem na cadeia do comércio do pescado no município de Santarém. Com a efetivação do estudo de caso, foi possível detectar os fatores relevantes que influenciam o nível organizacional das comunidades por meio da entidade que as representa, considerando os benefícios dispostos pelo governo e outras entidades não governamentais, resultando daí a vinculação de 100% dos pescadores à Colônia dos Pescadores Z-20. A totalidade de pescadores entrevistados é signatária dos acordos de pesca estabelecidos pelos mesmos e anuído pelo IBAMA. Registre-se ainda que 100% dos pescadores das comunidades pesqueiras Ituqui e Tapará Grande desenvolvem suas atividades utilizando recursos próprios e dependem da renda exclusivamente obtida da pesca, o que vem reforçar que no período da entressafra passam a depender do seguro desemprego para a manutenção da família e para recuperação de seus barcos e arreios para a próxima temporada de pesca.

President Chain Store Corporation's Hsu Chong-Jen: A Case Study of a Salaried Manager in Taiwan

Salaried managers have been increasing in top management of many Taiwanese companies. Why and how have their roles become more important? In order to answer these questions, it is necessary to examine the complicated relationships between salaried managers and the founders' families who appoint them to top-management positions. This paper examines the case of Hsu Chung-Jen, the president of President Chain Store Corporation. PCSC operates Taiwan's 7-ELEVENs, the largest convenience store chain on the island. He may be regarded as the most advanced salaried manager in Taiwan today.

Distribution System of China's Industrial Clusters: Case Study of Yiwu China Commodity City

This paper discusses the issue of upgrading industrial clusters from the perspective of external linkages. It is taken for granted that in most developing countries, due to the limited domestic market and poor traditional commercial networks, industrial clusters are able to upgrade only when they are involved in global value chains. However, the rise of China’s industrial clusters challenges this view. Historically, China has had a lot of industrial clusters with their own traditional commercial networks. This fact combined with its huge population resulted in the formation of a unique external linage to China’s industrial clusters after the socialist planning period ended. In concrete terms, since the 1980s, a traditional commercial institution . the transaction market . began to appear in most clusters. These markets within the clusters get connected to those in the cities due to interaction between traditional merchants and local governments. This has resulted in the formation of a powerful market network-based distribution system which has played a crucial role for China’s industrial clusters in responding to exploding domestic demand. This paper explains these features in detail, using Yiwu China Commodity City as a case study.

Understanding traders' regional arbitage : the case of rice traders in Antananarivo, Madagascar

Many studies find that agricultural markets in developing countries are poorly integrated spatially. Traders' regional arbitrage plays a key role in integrating markets across space. We investigate the performance of regional arbitrage and the associated obstacles for rice traders in Antananarivo, Madagascar. On the basis of a trader-level biweekly survey spanning 2012–2013, we find that traders are not fully exploiting the regional arbitrage opportunities: most of them fail to purchase from the cheapest district and are paying higher prices than those in the cheapest district. One apparent obstacle is obtaining price information from many different regions. To reduce search costs, we provided regional price information via SMS to randomly selected traders, but found that this had a null-effect on improving arbitrage performance. Traders tend to concentrate on trading with a few fixed districts, even if they are informed about cheaper prices in other new districts, because they worry about quality uncertainty and the trustworthiness of new partners. These findings suggest that not only transmission of price information but also issues related to produce quality and matching prevent the performance of arbitrage and market integration.

United States census of business: 1958.

Cover title: 1958 census of business.

United States census of business, 1954.

Cover title: 1954 census of business.

United States census of business: 1948.

I. Retail trade-general statistics, part 1.--II. Retail trade-general statistics, part 2, and merchandise line sales statistics.--III. Retail trade-area statistics.--IV. Wholesale trade-general statistics and commodity line sales statistics.--V. Wholesale trade-area statistics.--VI. Service trade-general statistics.--VII. Service trade-area statistics.

U.S. census of business: 1954. Central business district statistics, bulletin CBD 1-96.

Mode of access: Internet.

1967 census of business.

v. 1. Retail trade subject reports. --v. 2. Retail trade area statistics. --v. 2 pt. 1. U.S., Ala.--Ind. --v. 2 pt. 2. Iowa-N.C. --v.2 pt. 3. N. Dak.--Wyo., Guam, Virgin Islands. --v. 3. Wholesale trade subject reports. --v. 4. Wholesale trade area statistics. --v. 5 pt. 1. U.S., Ala.-Ind. --v. 5 pt. 2. Iowa-N.C. --v. 5 pt. 3. N. Dak.-Wyo. Guam, V.I.

Thomas food industry register.

Issued in 3 v.

Wholesaling curriculum guide /

To be used with General marketing curriculum guide.

A comparison of financial operating data of affiliated food wholesalers /

Errata slip tipped in following t.p.

Output and productivity comparisons of the Singapore and Hong Kong wholesale and retail trade sectors, 2001–2008

This paper employs the industry of origin approach to compare value-added and labour productivity of Singapore and Hong Kong’s wholesale and retail sectors for the period 2001–08. The direct comparison between these two economies was motivated by the statement of the Singapore Government that its services sector, especially the retail sector, lagged behind Hong Kong’s productivity levels. The results show that since 2005, Singapore’s wholesale and retail sector performance in terms of labour productivity has been below Hong Kong’s level, largely due to the poor performance of its retail sector arising from an influx of foreign workers. Results from total factor productivity analysis of these two economies also suggest that Hong Kong’s better performance (since 2005) was largely due to its ability to employ more educated and trained workers with limited use of capital. The results suggest that polices that have worked in Hong Kong may not work in Singapore because its population is more diverse, which poses a challenge to policymakers in raising its productivity level.