A influência da adição de caulim, quartzo e feldspato potássico na formulação de massas cerâmicas para telhas: Modelo estatístico

The production of roof tiles in the state of Rio Grande do Norte accounts for around 60% of the total of ceramic pieces produced. There is a need for investment to improve quality and productivity, thereby promoting technological innovations. Accordingly, the aim of this study is to determine the effect of kaolin, potassium feldspar and quartz in two standard formulations, as well as the effect of sintering temperature on the technological properties of linear firing shrinkage, water absorption and bending rupture stress, by fitting the statistical model and using multiple linear regression to assess the relationship between technological properties and independent variables. The raw materials were characterized using the following techniques: X-ray fluorescence (XRF), X-ray diffraction (XRF), rational analysis (RA), differential thermal analysis (DTA) and granulometric analysis (GA). The test specimens were compacted by uniaxial pressure (25 MPa), dried in a stove at 110 ºC for 24 hours and sinterized at 850 ºC, 950 ºC and 1050 ºC and held isothermal for 30 minutes. The results obtained indicate that the addition of kaolin to two standard formulations (M and R) promoted a reduction in water absorption values and an increase in bending rupture stress values. The sintering temperatures for group M that resulted in the lowest linear firing shrinkage and water absorption values were 850 ºC and 950 ºC, respectively, and the highest bending rupture stress values were reached at a temperature of 950 ºC. In the case of group R, the sintering temperature that obtained the lowest water absorption and linear firing shrinkage values was 850 ºC, and the highest bending rupture stress values were attained at a temperature of 1050 ºC. This work explains the statistical approach used to fit the model that describes the relationship between the technological properties and percentage of kaolin, quartz and feldspar, as well as the models that enable predictions, provided that the lower and upper limits of the percentage of clay minerals, flux and quartz used in this study are respected. Statistica 6 software was used and results were obtained by stepwise forward regression

Estudo da formulação de massas cerâmicas provenientes da região do Seridó-RN para fabricação de telhas

This work has for objective study compared the characteristics and technological properties of ceramic bodies from the region of Seridó-RN. The region under study has identified 23 cities where they were 80 ceramics industries. To define the universe of search, there was a survey of pottery that are part of APL Seridó next to the IEL. The characteristics and operating conditions of ceramics industries of the region were identified through a socio-economic questionnaire applied locally, which addressed issues such as: profiles of companies, production process etc. The analysis of information collected from 24 companies identified in seven cities shows that the vast majority of industries is small, with family structure, obsolete equipment and labo, little qualified. Most of the pottery works with low technical knowledge, poor control of the production process and product technology. The raw collected were submitted to analysis of X ray diffraction, chemical composition, termical analysis, particle size distribution and plasticity. Then were produced five formulations and made by uniaxial pressure at 25 MPa for firing in temperatures varying from 850 to 1050 °C. The firing technological properties evaluated were: mass loss to fire, lineal shrinkage, apparent density, apparent porosity, water absorption and flexural strength (3 points). The results indicated that the raw materials from the region have significant similarities in the composition chemical and mineralogical. Furthermore, it indicates the possibility of the use of cycles of firing faster and efficient than the current, limited to some clay mass burning of certain conditions

Processo de aditivação de massas cerâmicas com rejeito da purificação da glicerina e produção de tijolos extrudados, telhas e afins

Processo de aditivação de massas cerâmicas com rejeito da purificação da glicerina e produção de tijolos extrudados, telhas e afins consistindo nas etapas de utilizar o resíduo industrial 'piche', resultante da purificação da glicerina, subproduto da saponificação de gorduras animais, como aditivo líquido em massas cerâmicas extrudadas, paralelamente ao sistema que controla a introdução de água que umedece as massas básicas de argilas para produção de blocos cerâmicos, telhas e afins. O 'piche' apresenta viscosidade semelhante à dos óleos lubrificantes, massa específica aparente em torno de 1,20 g/cm not 3 not tem cor escura, é untuoso ao tato e tem odor característico de gorduras animais. Seco, seu poder calorífico é de 3320,6 kcal/kg. Uma tonelada de 'piche' fornece energia equivalente àquela gerada por 3,14 M not 3 not de lenha.

Influência do teor de calcário no comportamento físico, mecânico e microestrutural de cerâmicas estruturais

There are ores of clay in Piauí State that are used for red structural ceramics, which are naturally contaminated with calcareous vein. This is one thing that impedes its exploration in an adequate way, especially for tile production. The present work aims at verifying the influence of the calcareous contents in the technological structural ceramics area, seeking to determine a maximum permissible calcareous proportion/contents in the ceramic mass using the patterns of the local industry production. For the consecution of this paper, it was characterized the clay and calcareous material by FRX, DRX, TGA and DTA. It was also configurated by extrusion and burnt in the temperatures of 850°C, 900°C, 950°C and 1000°C pieces of the corpus with 0, 5, 10, 15 e 20% of calcareous proportion. After that, it was carried out technological samples of linear retraction, water absortion, apparent porosity, specific apparent mass and mechanic resistance. The results showed the possibility of using calcareous in the ceramic mass and in some cases the technological properties got better

Formulação e caracterização de massas de grês porcelanato preparadas a partir de matérias-primas naturais do Rio Grande do norte e com adição de chamote de telhas

Traditional ceramics have an important role in the economy of Rio Grande do Norte. The local industries manufacture over 50 million shingles a month, corresponding to 60% of their overall production. As a result of processing flaws, roughly 20% of the production must be discarded, since little or no use has been envisaged for such fired components. Therefore, the use of this kind of residue, especially in the composition of other ceramic materials, comes as an interesting option from the economical and environmental point of view. In this scenario, the objective of the present study was to assess the effect of the addition of fired shingle waste in the composition of porcelainized stoneware tiles. To that end, two porcelainized stoneware tiles compositions were initially prepared. Subsequently, contents from 10 to 30% of roofing tiles chamote were added to each one of them. All raw materials and grog were characterized by FRX, XRD, and thermal analysis. The ceramics were fired using natural gas for 30 min at different temperatures, i.e. 1150, 1200 and 1250ºC, and fully characterized. The addition of roofing tiles chamote resulted in composition with superior properties compared to additive-free compositions. Porcelainized stoneware tiles products that fulfill required standards for practical applications were achieved

Processamento de cerâmicas reticuladas a partir de matérias-primas naturais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Processo de umidificação de massas cerâmicas por sistema de moagem via seca com aspersão de polpa

Processo de umidificação de massas cerâmicas por sistema de moagem via seca com aspersão de polpa pertencente ao setor de cerâmica, que trata de uma invenção no processo de umidificação de massas cerâmicas para conformação de peças, aplicadas principalmente em pisos e revestimentos, em que se aplica aspersão de polpa na fase de umidificação do pó moído por via seca para a prensagem das placas cerâmicas. Adicionalmente, o processo pode também ser aplicado na fase de mistura, homogeneização, laminação e demais etapas de preparação da massa para manufatura de produtos de cerâmica vermelha ou estrutural extrudados (p.ex. tijolos, blocos e lajes), extrudados e prensados (p.ex. telhas) e de tornearia (p. ex. vasos e potes).

Características químico-mineralógicas e cerâmicas da matéria-prima utilizada pelo polo cerâmico de Rio Verde de Mato Grosso, MG

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Incorporação do resíduo de cascalho de perfuração de poços de petróleo em formulações cerâmicas

During its operations, the oil industry generates a lot of waste, including gravel from drilling. Control of environmental impacts caused by this waste represents a major challenge. Such impacts can be minimized when it is given an appropriate management by being properly treated and properly disposed or recycled. The properties of these materials can be greatly influenced when a waste is added to its composition. This work aims to study the incorporation of gravel waste oil-well drilling in the standard body for production of red ceramic from a ceramic industry in São Gonçalo do Amarante / RN. The success of the incorporation can minimize costs in the production of ceramic pieces and reduce the environmental impacts caused by waste. The raw materials used were collected, characterized, and formulated with the percentages of 0%, 20% and 40% by weight of substitution of residue were synthesized at temperatures of 900, 1.010 and 1.120 °C using 30 minute firing intervals, 1 hour and 30min and 2 hours and 30 minutes, based on a factorial design 2³. Samples were then subjected to the tests of Water Absorption, Linear Retraction Firing, Flexural Rupture Strength, Apparent Porosity and Apparent Specific mass and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) of break section. The results showed that the use of the residue for the manufacture of the ceramic products is possible (tiles, bricks and massive hollow bricks) replacing the clay to 40%, meeting the requirements of the standard and the literature for the technological properties of the final product.

Influência do teor de calcário no comportamento físico, mecânico e microestrutural de cerâmicas estruturais

There are ores of clay in Piauí State that are used for red structural ceramics, which are naturally contaminated with calcareous vein. This is one thing that impedes its exploration in an adequate way, especially for tile production. The present work aims at verifying the influence of the calcareous contents in the technological structural ceramics area, seeking to determine a maximum permissible calcareous proportion/contents in the ceramic mass using the patterns of the local industry production. For the consecution of this paper, it was characterized the clay and calcareous material by FRX, DRX, TGA and DTA. It was also configurated by extrusion and burnt in the temperatures of 850°C, 900°C, 950°C and 1000°C pieces of the corpus with 0, 5, 10, 15 e 20% of calcareous proportion. After that, it was carried out technological samples of linear retraction, water absortion, apparent porosity, specific apparent mass and mechanic resistance. The results showed the possibility of using calcareous in the ceramic mass and in some cases the technological properties got better

Mapas por microscopia de Raman caso de estudo: cerâmicas arqueológicas portuguesas da idade do ferro provenientes do Castro de Azougada

Dissertação de Mestrado em Conservação e Restauro área de Especialização de Cerâmica e Vidro

Cerâmicas de ornatos brunidos de povoados do bronze final do Sudoeste da Bacia do Enxoé caracterização química, mineralógica e textural

Dissertação de Mestrado em Conservação e Restauro Área de Especialização de Cerâmica

Certificação de filtros em fatores de transmissão e de cerâmicas em fatores de reflexão, em colorimetria

Mestrado em Engenharia Química - Tecnologias de Protecção Ambiental

Cerâmicas finas norte-africanas e mediterrânicas orientais no Baixo Guadiana (séculos V a VII)

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arqueologia

Cerâmicas Medievais e Modernas de Azamor (Marrocos) – Análise textural, mineralógica e química

Entre 2008 e 2011 foi recuperado, por uma missão arqueológica portuguesa na cidade de Azamor (Marrocos), um vasto conjunto de artefactos cerâmicos. Estes foram divididos em dois grupos cronológicos distintos: o medieval (séculos XIV-XV), constituído principalmente por despejos de uma unidade de produção oleira, e o moderno (séculos XVII-XVIII), constituído por fragmentos recuperados em vários contextos domésticos. O presente trabalho é um estudo arqueométrico de 17 fragmentos cerâmicos representativos de todo o espólio. Consiste na caracterização textural, mineralógica e química das pastas e vidrados, tendo por fim determinar se a fonte de matérias-primas e as técnicas de produção se mantiveram as mesmas em ambos os períodos cronológicos. Foi feita a observação à lupa binocular e uma análise petrográfica (lâminas delgadas) dos fragmentos cerâmicos com o objetivo de caracterizar a textura da matriz cerâmica e de identificar os componentes mineralógicos e a sua distribuição espacial. Estas análises foram complementadas por análises de difração de raios X (difração de pós) e microscopia Raman. Para a caracterização química das pastas e vidrados utilizou-se a micro-fluorescência de raios X dispersiva de energias. Os resultados indiciam que, a nível textural, designadamente no que se refere à coesão e porosidade da pasta e à quantidade de elementos não-plásticos, os dois grupos cerâmicos se assemelham bastante. Também são muitas as semelhanças quer a nível mineralógico, tendo sido identificados predominantemente quartzo, calcite, feldspato, gehlenite e piroxena, quer a nível químico, revelando a composição comum de pastas calcíticas. Foi ainda possível estimar uma temperatura de cozedura acima dos 800-950ºC para as cerâmicas dos dois grupos. Os vidrados analisados apresentam as características de vidrados plúmbicos verdes, coloridos com Cu e Fe. Assim, existe uma forte probabilidade de que as fontes de matérias-primas e técnicas de produção empregues em Azamor sejam as mesmas, em ambos os períodos cronológicos.