On the implementation of a Laboratory of Digital Television according to the ISDB-Tb standard

Este artículo resume el proceso de implementación del Laboratorio de Televisión Digital (DTV) de la Universidad de Cuenca, que surge como un entorno confiable de experimentación e investigación que hace uso de las características asociadas al estándar ISDB-Tb adoptado por Ecuador en el año 2010 para la transmisión de señales de televisión abierta. El objetivo de este artículo es documentar los aspectos que se han considerado para simular un escenario real en el que un Transport Stream (TS) formado por contenido audiovisual y aplicaciones interactivas, primero se genera, para luego transmitirse a través del canal de comunicaciones, y finalmente ser recibido en una televisión con receptor ISDB-Tb. Así, se facilita el desarrollo y la experimentación de nuevos servicios aprovechando el nuevo formato de DTV.

A lei geral de comunica????o eletr??nica de massa e a qualidade da programa????o televisiva

O presente artigo pretende analisar a quest??o da qualidade da programa????o na televis??o brasileira a partir da proposta de um novo marco regulat??rio para o setor de comunica????o social eletr??nica. Essa nova lei, entre outras disposi????es, ir?? regulamentar o artigo 221 da Constitui????o Federal, que trata dos princ??pios pelos quais o conte??do televisivo deve pautar-se. Com isso, define-se qualidade levando-se em considera????o dois aspectos: diversidade e ressalvas ?? liberdade de express??o, ambos previstos na Constitui????o Federal. A partir dessa conceitua????o, prop??e-se a instrumentaliza????o do controle social sobre o conte??do televisivo e a garantia de meios para a diversidade da programa????o. Com rela????o ao primeiro aspecto, recomenda-se a atua????o transparente de uma futura ag??ncia reguladora e a implementa????o de mecanismo de controle individual da programa????o. No que tange ?? diversidade, ressalta-se a import??ncia do fortalecimento das televis??es p??blicas e medidas governamentais no sentido de estimular a multiprograma????o propiciada pelo advento da tecnologia digital.

Bits, Atoms, and Information Sharing: new opportunities for participation

The particular characteristics and affordances of technologies play a significant role in human experience by defining the realm of possibilities available to individuals and societies. Some technological configurations, such as the Internet, facilitate peer-to-peer communication and participatory behaviors. Others, like television broadcasting, tend to encourage centralization of creative processes and unidirectional communication. In other instances still, the affordances of technologies can be further constrained by social practices. That is the case, for example, of radio which, although technically allowing peer-to-peer communication, has effectively been converted into a broadcast medium through the legislation of the airwaves. How technologies acquire particular properties, meanings and uses, and who is involved in those decisions are the broader questions explored here. Although a long line of thought maintains that technologies evolve according to the logic of scientific rationality, recent studies demonstrated that technologies are, in fact, primarily shaped by social forces in specific historical contexts. In this view, adopted here, there is no one best way to design a technological artifact or system; the selection between alternative designs—which determine the affordances of each technology—is made by social actors according to their particular values, assumptions and goals. Thus, the arrangement of technical elements in any technological artifact is configured to conform to the views and interests of those involved in its development. Understanding how technologies assume particular shapes, who is involved in these decisions and how, in turn, they propitiate particular behaviors and modes of organization but not others, requires understanding the contexts in which they are developed. It is argued here that, throughout the last century, two distinct approaches to the development and dissemination of technologies have coexisted. In each of these models, based on fundamentally different ethoi, technologies are developed through different processes and by different participants—and therefore tend to assume different shapes and offer different possibilities. In the first of these approaches, the dominant model in Western societies, technologies are typically developed by firms, manufactured in large factories, and subsequently disseminated to the rest of the population for consumption. In this centralized model, the role of users is limited to selecting from the alternatives presented by professional producers. Thus, according to this approach, the technologies that are now so deeply woven into human experience, are primarily shaped by a relatively small number of producers. In recent years, however, a group of three interconnected interest groups—the makers, hackerspaces, and open source hardware communities—have increasingly challenged this dominant model by enacting an alternative approach in which technologies are both individually transformed and collectively shaped. Through a in-depth analysis of these phenomena, their practices and ethos, it is argued here that the distributed approach practiced by these communities offers a practical path towards a democratization of the technosphere by: 1) demystifying technologies, 2) providing the public with the tools and knowledge necessary to understand and shape technologies, and 3) encouraging citizen participation in the development of technologies.

L'entonació dels titulars de les notícies en català. Trets melòdics dels locutors

En aquest article descrivim les tendències entonatives que caracteritzen la locució dels titulars de les notícies per mitjà de sis de les veus més conegudes de la televisió catalana (tv3 i 3/24): Xavier Coral, Agnès Marquès, Ramon Pellicer, Joan Carles Peris, Raquel Sans i Núria Solé. Per portar a terme la investigació, ens hem basat en el mètode Anàlisi Melòdica de la Parla, descrit a Cantero (2002), i hem utilitzat l'aplicació d'anàlisi i síntesi de veu Praat. Prenent com a base els patrons melòdics i els èmfasis de la parla espontània del català, hem constatat que per a aquest tipus de locució, pròpia d'un registre formal, solament es fan servir de forma continuada i repetitiva una part dels trets melòdics ja descrits, amb la qual cosa s'aconsegueix un efecte característic que la fa singular i la distancia de la parla espontània. També hem descrit els trets melòdics que tenen en comú els sis locutors i els trets en què difereixen.

The influence of physical attractiveness and gender on perceived competence of sportscasters

The media tends to represent female athletes as women first and athletes second (Koivula, 1 999). The present study investigated whether this same trend was present for female sportscasters, using a self-presentational framework. Self-presentation is the process by which people try to control how others see them (Leary, 1995). One factor that may influence the type of image they try to project is their roles held in society, including gender roles. The gender roles for a man include dominance, assertiveness, and masculinity, while the gender roles for a woman include nurturer, femininity, and attractiveness (Deaux & Major, 1 987). By contrast, sports broadcasters are expected to be knowledgeable, assertive, and competent. Research suggests that female sports broadcasters are seen as less competent and less persuasive than male sports broadcasters (Mitrook & Dorr, 2001; Ordman & Zillmann, 1994, Toro, 2005). One reason for this difference may be that the gender roles for a man are much more similar to those of a sportscaster, compared to those of a woman. Thus, there may be a conflict between the two roles for women. The present study investigated whether the gender and perceived attractiveness of sportscasters influenced the audience's perceptions of the level of competence that a sportscaster demonstrates. Two hundred and four male (n =75) and female (n =129) undergraduate students were recruited from a southern Ontario university to participate in the study. The average age of the male participants was 21 .23 years {SD =1 .60), and the average age for female participants was 20.67 years {SD = 1 .31). The age range for all participants was from 19 to 30 years {M = 20.87 years, SD = 1 .45). Af^er providing informed consent, participants randomly received one of four possible questionnaire packages. The participants answered the demographic questionnaire, and then proceeded to view the picture and read the script of a sports newscast. Next, based on the picture and script, the participants answered the competence questionnaire, assessing the general, sport specific, and overall competence of the sportscaster. Once participants had finished, they returned the package to the researcher and were thanked for their time. Data was analyzed using an ANOVA to determine if general sport competence differs with respect to gender and attractiveness of the sportscaster. Overall, the ANOVA was non-significant (p > .05), indicating no differences on the dependent variable based on gender (F (3, 194) = .631, p = .426), attractiveness (F (3, 194) = .070, p = .791), or the interaction of the two {F (3, 194) = .043,/? = .836). Although none of the study hypotheses were supported, the study provided some insight to the perceived competence of female sportscasters. It is possible that female sportscasters are now seen as competent in the area of sports. Sample characteristics could also have influenced these results; the participants in the current study were primarily physical education and kinesiology students, who had experience participating in physical activity with both men and women. Future research should investigate this issue further by using a video sportscast. It is possible that delivery characteristics such as voice quality or eye contact may also impact perceptions of sportscasters.

La visión de una nueva televisión: propuesta de generación de un ecosistema de aplicaciones para contenidos digitales en televisión

Este documento tiene por objeto servir de guía para el avance de la industria digital colombiana, mediante la implementación de una propuesta en el modelo de desarrollo de aplicaciones para medios digitales en Televisión -que ha sido tan exitosa en otros medios-, como complemento a la política pública de tecnología en el país, y a su vez, -en un objetivo que apenas inicia y del que este trabajo es un primer atisbo conceptual-, se empiece a discutir la idea de que el Derecho deba someterse a otras ciencias (La económica o la administrativa), con el fin de darle nivel de igualdad a ellas y mostrarlo como una herramienta de inicio para generar instituciones de las que las otras ciencias dependen, partiendo de la base institucional del Estado Social de Derecho.

Synchronizing Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS) on videos for Open Digital TV with educational purposes

The TV is a potential midia of communication that affects all social classes and it is available in 98% of Brazilian homes. It has been used as a distributor of educational materials since the 1950s. By 2016 the Open Digital TV (ODTV) in Brazil might cover the entire national territory, replacing the TV with analog signals. Concerns about accessibility for People with Special Needs (PSN) in that media have become more intense since the 1990s worldwide. In Brazil, it is estimated 24.6 million of PSN, 23% of them having some type of hearing loss. Of these, 2.9% are reported as deafs. Brazilian Sign Language (LIBRAS) is considered the first literacy language for deaf people in Brazil. In this context, this paper presents a proposal to facilitate the generation of educational content for ODTV based on two components. One is called SynchrLIBRAS and allows subtitles synchronization in Portuguese and a LIBRAS translator window of videos downloaded from the Web. The second component allows the visualization of this content through the Brazilian System of Digital TV and IPTV - environments that implement the middleware Ginga-NCL. The main focus of this paper is the presentation of the first component: SynchrLIBRAS. This proposal has educational purposes, contributing to teach LIBRAS to people who may collaborate with social inclusion of the deaf people.

A campanha Quem financia a baixaria é contra a cidadania como contraposição aos produtos da cultura de massa na TV brasileira

Pós-graduação em Comunicação - FAAC

A saúde em pauta: análise de enquadramento de matérias sobre saúde pública de dois telejornais

Pós-graduação em Comunicação - FAAC

TV universitária, um modelo de gestão em construção: TV UNAERP de Ribeirão Preto

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A digitalização da televisão pública: um estudo do caso da multiprogramação na TV Cultura

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uma abordagem para um plano de gestão de fluxo de dados na TV Unesp

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC

Acessibilidade na televisão digital: estudo para uma política de audiodescrição na televisão brasileira

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC

Televisão digital e o espectro eletromagnético: apontamentos sobre a gestão do recurso durante o processo de digitalização do sinal televisivo

Pós-graduação em Televisão Digital: Informação e Conhecimento - FAAC