The divulgation of hygiene-sanitation matters at the start of Spanish radio (1933-1957)

The work analyse from a journalistic point of view the history radio divulgation of health during the Second Republic and the start of the Franco era. For it, printed sources of the health broadcast conferences have been analysed. The most frequently used radio genre was a combination of informative monologue and monologue opinion. Questions relating to maternal-juvenile health were the most disseminated. In general, the radio language employed responded to the needs for clarity, as well as adapting the message to the target audience. With Francoism, the political slogans were incorporated and the gender discussions were given more importance.

A imagem dos destinos turísticos de montanha: olhares dos residentes e dos turistas

No actual contexto de competitividade, os destinos turísticos podem diferenciar-se pela imagem que os turistas e residentes têm sobre eles enquanto espaços alternativos de lazer e turismo (Baloglu & Mangaloglu, 2001). A imagem dos destinos constitui um conceito central na literatura em turismo porque está fortemente relacionada com o comportamento dos residentes e dos turistas (Baloglu & McCleary, 1999). A imagem afecta o comportamento de escolha e avaliação do destino, da viagem e da participação e experiência turísticas (Echtner and Ritchie 1991; Lee & Lee, 2009). Por outro lado, os residentes têm, também eles, uma imagem sobre o local onde residem que pode e deve ser analisada, afectando, por sua vez, a percepção que os turistas têm desses espaços (Gallarza, Saura & García, 2001). Alguns destinos turísticos possuem características simbólicas que exercem forte influência na formação da sua imagem, como são o caso dos espaços de montanha. De facto, as montanhas constituem um dos mais profundos arquétipos da Humanidade simbolizando poder, liberdade e eternidade (Smethurst, 2000, p.36). As regiões de montanha têm-se tornado num dos mais atractivos destinos turísticos constituindo a sua procura, actualmente, 20% dos fluxos turísticos globais com 500 milhões de turistas anualmente (UNEP, 2002; Thomas et al., 2006). Mas até muito recentemente, os estudos sobre os espaços de montanha limitavam-se, maioritariamente, às suas características físicas, ecológicas e ambientais (Smethurst, 2000). Uma abordagem do ponto de vista do turismo de montanha, no contexto da imagem, pode revelar-se, assim, essencial. Neste contexto, o presente estudo pretende analisar, de uma forma holística e multidisciplinar, a imagem que os residentes e turistas têm dos espaços de montanha, bem como o respectivo gap. O objectivo central é construir uma escala MDI - Mountain Destination Image Scale - no sentido de medir os parâmetros da imagem do destino, incluindo factores cognitivos e afectivos e tendo em conta os grupos populacionais turistas e residentes. Com base numa extensa revisão da literatura em imagem dos destinos turísticos e nos significados sociais e culturais da montanha ao longo do tempo, e no âmbito do trabalho empírico realizado a 315 turistas e 315 residentes na Serra da Estrela (Portugal), Alpes (França, Áustria e Suiça) e Picos da Europa (Espanha), os resultados indicam que a escala multidimensional MDI integra cinco dimensões de imagem de montanha pelos turistas: (1) histórico-cultural, (2) natural/ecológica, (3) social e prestígio, (4) lazer e desporto e (5) afectiva; e três dimensões percepcionadas pelos residentes: (1) mística/sagrada, (2) histórico-cultural e (3) afectiva. A discussão é centrada nas implicações teóricas e práticas da escala MDI no planeamento, gestão e marketing dos destinos turísticos de montanha. São igualmente apresentadas as limitações do presente estudo e traçadas algumas linhas orientadoras para investigações futuras.

Clippings - Births, Deaths, Engagements

Clipping of a birth announcement of a daughter to Mr. and Mrs. P.C. Band, 1924. Clipping of a birth announcement of a son to Mr. and Mrs. Percy C. Band, September 11, 1927. Clipping of the obituary of Mrs. Annie Leslie Woodruff, widow of Welland Woodruff, 1934. Clipping of the announcement of the funeral of Mrs. Annie Leslie Woodruff, February 3, 1934. Clipping of the write-up of the funeral of Mrs. Annie Leslie Woodruff, 1934. Clipping of the obituary of Mr. B. Harvey Foster, n.d. Clipping of the funeral of Mr. Bernard H. Foster in Sheffield, England, n.d. Clipping of the obituary of Mrs. Mary Lanman Douw Ferris, widow of Morris Patterson Ferris, n.d. Clipping of the engagement announcement of Margaret Julia Woodruff to Captain Percy Carruthers Band, n.d.

L’expérience de vieillir au quotidien de femmes âgées montréalaises vivant seules à domicile dans un contexte de précarité économique

À ce jour, peu d’intérêt a été porté à l’exploration des expériences et réalités spécifiques au sous-groupe et sous-culture des femmes âgées vivant seules dans la pauvreté. Dans ce contexte, le but de cette étude était d’explorer et d’analyser l’expérience de vieillir au quotidien de femmes âgées montréalaises vivant seules à domicile dans un contexte de précarité économique. La théorie de l’universalité et de la diversité du soin de Madeleine Leininger a été l'assise théorique de cette étude et une approche qualitative avec devis de type mini-ethnographie a été retenue pour répondre au but de l’étude. Sept femmes âgées de 65 ans et plus, vivant seules à domicile dans un contexte de précarité économique, ont été recrutées pour participer à l’étude. Une approche «boule de neige» a été sélectionnée pour effectuer le recrutement des participantes qui s’est réalisé avec l’aide de deux ressources communautaires de Montréal. La collecte de données a été effectuée auprès de ces femmes par l’entremise d’entrevues individuelles semi-dirigées, d’un court questionnaire sociodémographique ainsi que par la tenue d'un journal de terrain. L’analyse qualitative de contenu s’est basée sur les quatre étapes du guide d'analyse des données de Leininger, soit : l'analyse des données brutes, le regroupement de celles-ci en patterns récurrents, l’émergence des sous-thèmes et thèmes ainsi que la formulation des résultats de recherche sous forme d’énoncés théoriques ou de recommandations. Les résultats de cette étude renseignent sur l’expérience de vieillir au quotidien de ces femmes par rapport à six facteurs culturels de leur structure sociale soit l’environnement, les valeurs culturelles, le mode de vie, les relations humaines, le facteur économique et l’ethnohistoire de même que par rapport à leur expérience de santé/maladie et vieillissement et à leur relation avec le système de soins. Les résultats en lien avec les facteurs culturels permettent de conclure que cette expérience de vieillir s’ancre principalement dans l’environnement intime du domicile de ces femmes, se concrétise en des sentiments de liberté, d’indépendance et de contrôle, s’enrichit dans le don de soi, se délimite à l’intérieur d’un réseau social appauvri et s’épanouit dans une vision positive de la vie et le refus d’un statut de pauvreté et de dépendance. Quant aux résultats relatifs aux dimensions de l’expérience humaine et du système de soins, ils révèlent que l’expérience de vieillir de ces femmes s’inscrit dans une volonté de préserver la fonctionnalité de leur corps, de conserver leur autonomie et de se positionner comme l’experte sur leur santé dans leur rapport avec les soins professionnels reçus. Les résultats révèlent aussi des indices de leur autodétermination, de leur résilience, de leur pouvoir d’agir et du sens qu’elles donnent à la vie dans les différents aspects de leur expérience de vieillir. Finalement, les résultats de la présente étude soutiennent des recommandations cliniques promouvant des approches de soins infirmiers culturellement cohérentes et empreintes d’empowerment auprès de ces femmes.

Aspectos educativos en algunas relaciones publicadas por visitantes extranjeros : (siglos XVIII y XIX).

Comprobar si la existencia de viajeros extranjeros y de sus relatos influyeron en la situación española de la época, sobre todo, en lo que respecta a la educación. Observar si estos escritores aficionados a los viajes, relataron en sus libros algo que pusiera de manifiesto la realidad de las escuelas españolas e influencias posibles, métodos de enseñanza, autores. Trabajo dividido en tres capítulos: en el primer capítulo se explica el objetivo principal de investigación, la importancia del trabajo presentado, las dificultades en su realización, el método utilizado, hipótesis de trabajo. En la primera parte del trabajo se manifiesta el método de trabajo llevado a cabo, la búsqueda de información, la recogida de datos, la ordenación de los datos, su análisis. Las hipótesis de trabajo planteadas fueron las siguientes: los viajeros extranjeros, a su paso por España, reflejaron la situación cultural y educativa del país. Los viajeros que llegan a España traen consigo una serie de prejuicios. En el capítulo segundo se tratan diferentes aspectos analizados por los viajeros en relación con la educación de la época como son: el nivel cultural, el ambiente cultural y científico en general, aspectos educativos, literatura, relativos a unos centros concretos como: escuelas de primera enseñanza, escuelas técnicas, colegios mayores, universidades, seminarios, academias, academias militares, hospicios, sociedades de amigos del país, y las diferentes observaciones de los viajeros y sus obras. 1) En la hipótesis planteada al comienzo, los viajeros extranjeros no reflejan la situación cultural y educativa de la época como tal situación, sino que tratan de reflejar aspectos concretos de la misma. 2) Los extranjeros traían al iniciar su visita una serie de perjuicios sobre España, considerando el país retrasado y carente de formación cultural sólida. 3) Muchos extranjeros son generalmente superficiales a la hora de enjuiciar lo educativo y lanzan ataques sin fundamento sólido.

As injunções da pós-modernidade nas dimensões da cultura escolar

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

Avaliação energética econômica do agroecossistema algodão: uma abordagem entre sistemas familiares de produção do Paraguai e do Brasil

The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy and economic efficiency indexes per unit of cotton agro-ecosystem area in family production systems of Paraguay and Brazil; and, to establish a relationship between the energy and economic. Typologies presented by the Program to Support Small Cotton Holdings (Paraguay), and by the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Brazil). Family systems of the two countries were identified; these are located from Paraguay (San Juan–CA) and from Brazil (Leme–SP). To construct the energy expenditure structure of the cotton agro-ecosystem, as well as to assess the economic efficiency, the mean values obtained were considered, when they presented similarities in production systems and they were within the typology proposed in this study. From the technical itinerary observed the Paraguayan agro-ecosystem depended (fossil fuel 56.76%) and industrial source (35.99%). Thus, the energy balance of the agricultural stage was established, which attained a value of 17,740.69 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 5.28, and a cultural efficiency of 3.04. The Brazilian agro-ecosystem depended on energy from industrial source (insecticides 39.82%) and from fossil fuel (33.59%); it reached an energy balance of 19,547.88 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 2.12, and a cultural efficiency index of 0.71. In the economic and energy indicator ratio, with regard to the months referring to the harvest time, that is to say, March, April, and May, the maximum economic efficiency indicator of paraguay was attained in the month of May (1,00), and from Brazil in the month of May (1,71). Both production systems analyzed were presented efficient, however, dependent of external circumstances and non-renewable energy sources.

Valiação energética e econômica do agroecossistema algodão: uma abordagem entre sistemas familiares de produção do Paraguai e Brasil

The objective of this work was to evaluate the energy and economic efficiency indexes per unit of cotton agro-ecosystem area in family production systems of Paraguay and Brazil; and, to establish a relationship between the energy and economic. Typologies presented by the Program to Support Small Cotton Holdings (Paraguay), and by the National Program for Strengthening Family Agriculture (Brazil). Family systems of the two countries were identified; these are located from Paraguay (San Juan–CA) and from Brazil (Leme–SP). To construct the energy expenditure structure of the cotton agro-ecosystem, as well as to assess the economic efficiency, the mean values obtained were considered, when they presented similarities in production systems and they were within the typology proposed in this study. From the technical itinerary observed the Paraguayan agro-ecosystem depended (fossil fuel 56.76%) and industrial source (35.99%). Thus, the energy balance of the agricultural stage was established, which attained a value of 17,740.69 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 5.28, and a cultural efficiency of 3.04. The Brazilian agro-ecosystem depended on energy from industrial source (insecticides 39.82%) and from fossil fuel (33.59%); it reached an energy balance of 19,547.88 MJ ha-1; an energy efficiency of 2.12, and a cultural efficiency index of 0.71. In the economic and energy indicator ratio, with regard to the months referring to the harvest time, that is to say, March, April, and May, the maximum economic efficiency indicator of paraguay was attained in the month of May (1,00), and from Brazil in the month of May (1,71). Both production systems analyzed were presented efficient, however, dependent of external circumstances and non-renewable energy sources.

Joan Roís de Corella : Una aproximació a la seua vida i obra

Descripción basada en: SAXONIA, L., Meditationes vitae Christi (en valenciano), "Lo Quart del Cartoixà", arromançat per Johan Roiç de Corella, facsímil de la edición valenciana de 1496. Valencia. Ayunt. de Valencia, 1998, pp. 14-58

Patterns for modern living, based on fact and theory;

[division 1] Psychological patterns. 3 v.--[division 2] Political patterns. 3 v.--[division 3] Cultural patterns. 3 v.

和漢書分類目録

Mode of access: Internet.