976 resultados para Production engineering.


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Syftet med denna studie är att öka kunskapen om bullerexponering för omgivning och förare vid sönderdelning av skogsbränsle till flis. Sammanlagt har sex fallstudier genomförts, tre skotare, två lastbilar och en mobil anläggning. Fallen har valts med syftet att representera olika typer av sönderdelningsekipage och teknik. Studierna har genomförts i Dalarnas, Stockholms och Gävleborgs län. Bullerexponering för omgivning och förare i samband med sönderdelning till flis har undersökts med föreskrivna metoder. Det är stora skillnader på bullerexponering för förarna av de olika ekipagen. En skotarförare har daglig bullerexponering under såväl insats- som gränsvärde. Två förare (en skotarförare och en lastbilsförare) överskred insatsvärde, men var under gränsvärdet. Övriga förares bullerexponering överskred gränsvärdet. Alla maskiner har bullernivåer över 40/45 dB(A) på 200 meters avstånd, vilket överstiger acceptabla nivåer dagtid för områden med fritidsbebyggelse och fritidsområden. Endast ett av ekipagen (en skotare) hade bullernivåer på 200 meters avstånd i nivå med riktlinjer för områden med bostäder för permanent boende.  Övriga ekipage hade högre värden. De slutsatser som kan göras från denna studie är: Merparten av förare vid sönderdelning av skogsbränsle till flis exponeras för dagliga bullernivåer som kräver åtgärder. Bullernivåerna varierar mellan olika typer av ekipage för sönderdelning av skogsbränsle till flis. Studerade ekipage har högre värden för buller på 200 meters avstånd till bostäder, arbetslokaler och friluftsområden än vad som rekommenderas.

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Tidigare studier har indikerat att exponering för trädamm och mögeldamm vid hantering av GROT (grenar och toppar) kan vara en hälsorisk. Syftet med denna studie är att ytterligare öka kunskapen om dammförhållanden inom skogsenergibranschen. Mer specifikt är målet att genom fallstudier studera dammförekomst vid hantering av GROT samt stubbar. Enstaka fallstudier av mögelförekomst i förarmiljön inkluderas. Sammanlagt har 19 fallstudier genomförts hos tio olika företag i Dalarna, Västmanland, ödermanland, Uppland, och Närke. Totaldamm har mätts med filterprovtagning inne i hytten och utanför hytten. Mögel har mätts med filterprovtagning inne i hytten. Sammanfattningsvis kan konstateras att vid samtliga fall av skotning uppmättes förhöjda dammnivåer utomhus. Högst dammnivåer uppmättes vid sönderdelning av GROT vid olika årstider. Förare som utförde arbete utanför hytten exponerades för högre dammnivåer än de som enbart arbetade inifrån hytten. De enstaka fallstudierna av mögel visade på relativt låga värden av mögelsporer. Arbetsmomentet såsom byte av knivar indikerade ökade mögelhalter. Slutsatser från denna studie är: Inga höga damm och mögelhalter har uppmätts i dessa fallstudier. Då väderförhållandena innebar mer nederbörd än i genomsnitt är resultaten inte generaliserbara. Förhöjda dammhalter uppmättes då förare utfört service och underhållsarbete utanför hytten. I studerade fall där dammängden utanför hytten var förhöjd har inga dammhalter mätts upp inne i hytterna, vilket tyder på bra luftfilter. Rekommendationer till förare är att: Regelbundet byta hyttens luftfilter och att hålla fönster och dörrar stängda för att förhindra dammexponering inne i hytten. Vid service- och underhållsarbete ska föraren i möjligaste mån undvika att använda tryckluft. Andningsskydd bör användas under de korta moment som tryckluft används.

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The desire to conquer markets through advanced product design and trendy business strategies are still predominant approaches in industry today. In fact, product development has acquired an ever more central role in the strategic planning of companies, and it has extended its influence to R&D funding levels as well. It is not surprising that many national R&D project frameworks within the EU today are dominated by product development topics, leaving production engineering, robotics, and systems on the sidelines. The reasons may be many but, unfortunately, the link between product development and the production processes they cater for are seldom treated in depth. The issue dealt with in this article relates to how product development is applied in order to attain the required production quality levels a company may desire, as well as how one may counter assembly defects and deviations through quantifiable design approaches. It is recognized that product verifications (tests, inspections, etc.) are necessary, but the application of these tactics often result in lead-time extensions and increased costs. Modular architectures improve this by simplifying the verification of the assembled product at module level. Furthermore, since Design for Assembly (DFA) has shown the possibility to identify defective assemblies, it may be possible to detect potential assembly defects already in the product and module design phase. The intention of this paper is to discuss and describe the link between verifications of modular architectures, defects and design for assembly. The paper is based on literature and case studies; tables and diagrams are included with the intention of increasing understanding of the relation between poor designs, defects and product verifications.

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This paper presents the result from a case study at Scania on product development processes. The objective with the case study was to gather information on Scania’s product development process (PDP) including the use of CAD and simulation tools, and project work. The objective was also to find any deviations or different interpretations among the employees on the PDP. To gather the information, semi-structured tape-recorded interviews have been used to ensure that individual interpretations from the interviewees could be gathered. Scania uses a defined and structured PDP which facilitates concurrent and cross-functional work. The PDP is implemented and followed to various degrees. The newly employed personnel may have difficulties with communication, both to find and to give information. Although, newly graduated personnel may find it easier to adapt to changes, and also to use a structured process which they have studied at universities. It was also known during the case study that the PDP is a major support for the newly employed personnel, which in turn decreases the time to get into the same working process as the more experienced personnel. Employees with decades of experience know the right sources from which to both give and gather information. Also, the terminology and definitions in the product development process may not be used as intended. This makes it difficult for other project members or teams who need to interpret the information received. At the same time, the routines among the more experienced personnel, which have been set-up throughout the years, make them more inflexible in adapting changes. The findings in the case study as well as challenges with implementing the PDP are known to Scania and are a part of the continuing work with improvement.

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A presente dissertação enfoca, a partir de um estudo de caso, o Programa de "Gestão da Produtividade Aplicada aos Correios" – GPAC –, numa empresa pública, a Empresa Brasileira de Correios e Telégrafos. Este trabalho tem por objetivo analisar criticamente um método para introduzir conceitos, princípios e técnicas de Administração e Engenharia da Produção, a partir de uma ótica de uma organização que aprende – learning organization –, tendo como objeto de análise a ECT. Parte-se de uma perspectiva histórica que procura abordar a evolução do programa "Gestão da Produtividade Aplicada aos Correios" na Organização, desde sua fase inicial, em 1995, até o seu desenvolvimento no momento atual. Descreve-se as principais atividades desencadeadas, seguindo sua ordem cronológica. Após uma fundamentação teórica, descrevendo abordagens de diversos autores sobre aprendizagem organizacional, é analisado o programa GPAC à luz dos pressupostos de organizações de aprendizagem preconizados por Garvin, propondo-se um novo método. Neste novo método são apresentadas algumas alterações e inclusões em relação ao método adotado no programa GPAC, visando auxiliar na eficácia da disseminação e implantação de novos conceitos, princípios e técnicas de Administração e Engenharia de Produção na Empresa.

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This work aims to present an investigation on the level of understanding in the informative texts enclosed in manuals of instructions of a DVD set, trying to identify what makes consumers use or not manuals of instructions which accompany the products. It analyses factors that affect the motivation to use manuals and, linguistically, to verify whether the language used in the manuals is adapted for the understanding of the information by the consumer. Under an ergonomic approach, the research tries to recognize whether it is accordance in the information contained in manuals. According to the production engineering, it is very important to insert the best production practical and administration of the product in the companies, aiming the best competitiveness, The present study suggests a route to evaluate manuals of instructions of a DVD set, using for that a questionnaire with closed questions and an open one, applied to students, employees and teachers of an agricultural school bonded to Rio Grande do Norte Federal University. The results can contribute to provide helps to industry in presentation quality betterment of its information, and becoming the consumer integral part of that improvement process

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This Master of Science Thesis investigates in an exploratory modeling the idea of strategy consistency applying as an assessment tool a model of performance indicators of a higher education institution based on the balanced scorecard (BSC). It is carried on a review of conceptual BSC perspective hierarchy models and of studies on higher education institution in Brazil and worldwide. From a BSC model with three indicators at each perspective is carried on a case study with directors and coordinators of a private higher education institution with a descriptive and multivariate analysis using cluster analysis. The main findings point to a different perception of respondents on the importance level of the perspectives with a higher importance level given to Learning and Growth and Process that to Customer and Financial. Particularly, the financial perspective got a importance level significantly lower that the others, what suggests an inconsistency on the strategy deployment on the institution considered in terms of the perception of the managerial levels of the importance level of the perspectives

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The thesis argues the importance of the logistic management for the performance of the companies and for the foreign trade. The study is endorsed in construction of one analyses that brings in its essential the underlyng elements for the understanding of the subject. The analyse made from the data of an exporters company of Rio Grande of the Norte, with performance in the branch of candies, allowed to evaluate an efficient of the logistic management, that involving operacional and financial questions, is unavoidable for reduction of costs of the companies and has significant impact is its profitability

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The present work has the objective of presenting an investigation about the quantification, classification and destination of the waste of construction and demolition (RCD) in the city of Natal - RN, focusing the aspects of the environmental impacts and the strategic importance of the environmental administration in the earnings of productivity of the companies. Of the environmental point of view the research intends to identify and to quantify the monthly and annual production of RCD in the city, as well as to know the places of deposition of those residues. To reach the objectives of the study, an exploratory and descriptive research was accomplished, using a questionnaire with closed subjects and an open one, applied in 25 entrepreneurs of the branch of the building site, being 21 builders and 4 entrepreneurs of collection companies and removal dumps. As form of analysis of the data, the descriptive analysis was used and of crossing. The production engineering considers important the insert of best production practices and administration of the product in the companies, with views to the increase of your competitiveness, productivity earnings and improvement of the environmental aspects with views to the consumer's satisfaction, in that case the buyer of immobile. The principal results of the investigation demonstrate that there was not great variability of answers with relationship to the interviewees opinion in what he refers to the environmental practices. In your majority the building site interviewees entrepreneurs evidenced the absence of the public power, particularly the city hall of Natal, in the control, fiscalization and creation of mechanisms for a correct destination of RCD, as well as for your reuse and recycle. On the other hand also it was evident that the recycle or the reuse of RCD on the part of the companies is a rare practice and a lot of times inexistent, although the entrepreneurs' of the building site section great majority recognizes that would have won of productivity with the correct and intensive use of such measures

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This Thesis presents a contribution to the study of models of customer satisfaction, analyzing the relationship between construct satisfaction and its antecedents and consequences, carrying through a survey with tourists who live in states of northeast region, had used to travel by bus or their own car and used hotel of Natal in the period from march to june at 2004. The theory research is focused in concepts of customer satisfaction and loyalty, quality management system models and customer satisfaction measurement index models. For the field survey was applied a model with questions based on the norwegian customer satisfaction barometer - NCSB considered for Johnson et al., 2001 with 92 tourists. The results gotten for the multiple regression evidence that tourist satisfaction with respect to the hotel suffer fort influences of six drivers of quality and complaints management. However the factors that influencing tourist loyalty with hotel are affective commitment, satisfaction with the hotel and the complaints management

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This thesis aims at analyzing the perspective of graduates perceived quality of an undergraduate course in order to contribute to continuous improvement. In order to achieve the proposed objectives, we performed a literature search, seeking together the work surrounding this issue, with the intent to update the concepts discussed today on the subject studied, they are: quality management, quality in higher education institutions and the system national assessment of higher education - Sinaes. The methodology is characterized as a case study, quantitative, and the object of study is composed of students who graduated from Production Engineering, Federal University of Rio Grande do Norte, which includes students who graduated from 2002 to 2010; data collection was done through the survey instrument, questionnaire, available online through SurveyMonkey interface, data analysis was done by means of descriptive statistics and multivariate analysis, including factor analysis. The proposed survey instrument consists of questions nineteen and twenty statements that address the central theme of this dissertation. The results show the identification of four latent factors (obtained by exploratory factor analysis), through two perspectives, the analysis of perception and importance, the results were similar in terms of the variable factors. The first factor was related to the support given to students, a factor known to support two extra class, the third factor related aspects of the library, and finalizing the evaluation and approached a factor of 4 facilities. Through research it was concluded that this study presents several points to be improved by the management team, and recommended to continue to evaluate the perceptions of graduates, seeking continuous improvement in service delivery by the university

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior

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This Master of Science Thesis deals with applying DEA (Data Envelopment Analysis) to the academic performance evaluation of graduate programs in Brazil, exploring it on a Mechanical and Production Engineering Program 2001-2003 data. The data used is that of the national assessment carried by CAPES, the governmental body in charge for graduate program assessment and certification. It is used the CCR output oriented DEA model, the CCR-Output with Assurance Region, and Window Analysis. The main findings are first that the CCR has the concerning problem of zero values of weights of outputs that is not appropriate in a sense that a graduate program has the higher efficiency score zeroing some output (e.g., number of academic papers published). Secondly, the Assurance Region method proved useful. Third, the Window Analysis also gave some light to the consistency of the performance in the time frame analysed. Also, the analysis results in the understanding that the Mechanics and Production Engineering should not be assessed jointly like currently applied by CAPES and rather should be assessed in its own field separately. Finally, the result of the DEA analysis showed some serious inconsistencies with the CAPES method. Graduate programs considered excellent has got low performance score and vice versa. This Thesis provides a strong argument in order to use DEA at least as a complimentary methodology for graduate program performance evaluation in Brazil

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This Master s thesis presents a discussion on customer satisfaction models investigating the relations of antecedent variables service quality, price index, complaint handling, image, affective and calculative commitment, with satisfaction and loyalty. The scope of the research is the influence of service dimensions in the car buyer s satisfaction and loyalty. A sample of 91 customers was surveyed among new cars buyers of one brand in Natal city, Brazil, and the data was analyzed using multiple regression analysis. The literature review covers subjects such as customer satisfaction, management system, customer satisfaction measurement index models. The main findings suggest that satisfaction with the car brand is mainly influenced by customization of the service, time for accomplishing servicing, and the way the dealer handle complains. Regarding the dealer itself the main variable related to satisfaction is also time for accomplishing servicing. Considering customer loyalty, the customer satisfaction with the dealer explain strongly the loyalty with the brand/manufacturer. Also, the satisfaction, affective commitment and complains handling were found related to loyalty, as the stronger variables explaining the loyalty variance. One main conclusion is that service provided by dealers is one key factor influencing the customer satisfaction and loyalty in auto industry

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This research aims at to contribute to show the consolidation of the area of Information Systems (IS) as area of knowledge in Production Engineering. For this, it according to presents a scenery of the publication in IS in the field of the Production Engineering in Brazil amount of articles, the authorship profile, the methodologies, the citations, the research thematic and the continuity of the research thematic. The base for this study was the works published in the National Meeting of Production Engineering - ENEGEP of years 2000, 2001, 2002, 2003 and 2004, inside of the area of Information Systems. Classified as bibliographical research, of applied nature, quantitative boarding, of the point of view of the objectives description-exploration was called and for the collection of data its comment was systematic with bibliographical survey. As field research, the method of collection of data if constituted of the elaboration of an analysis protocol and, to arrive itself at the final diagnosis, it operation the data through the statistical method, with the accomplishment of descriptive analyses. It approached concepts of IS and the seek areas and, it studied research correlate in Production Engineering, in Information Systems, in Information Science and other areas of the knowledge. How much to the results one concluded that the national and international contents are compatible and that the area of IS is in constant evolution. For the continuity of research lines it was observed that the majority of the authors was faithful to the area of Systems of Information. Amongst other found results, some institutions must try to increase its volume of publications and research, while others must look for to keep its reached mark already in the last years