Entropic system of daily mobility in a Metropolitan Area of Bogota, Colombia.

The fundamental diseconomy in the large metropolitan areas is the significant and sustained increase in travel time incurred by its inhabitants daily. Since a portion of the energy consumed in the daily mobility does not necessarily translate into individual and collective wealth, entropic systems have a feature which, as discussed for the case of Bogotá, does not have metropolitan institutions with the ability to redirect.

Condiciones de salud y trabajo en bicitaxistas de la localidad de Usaquen, Bogota, Colombia, 2015.

Las actividades laborales informales presentan situaciones adversas frente a la exposición a riesgos de diferente origen, una de estas actividades que se ha convertido en alternativa de transporte en la ciudad de Bogotá es el bicitaxismo, el cual aporta soluciones a la movilidad de los habitantes. Con el fin de determinar las condiciones de trabajo y las posibles enfermedades que puedan adquirir como consecuencia de su actividad laboral, se realizó un estudio de corte transversal, con una población de 150 bicitaxistas pertenecientes al barrio Toberín de la localidad de Usaquén, de la ciudad de Bogotá. Para la recolección de datos se aplicó el Cuestionario Sobre Condiciones De Trabajo Y Salud. Se estimó la proporción de trabajadores con afectación de su estado de salud y se exploraron las posibles asociaciones mediante la prueba Chi cuadrado de Pearson o prueba exacta de Fisher. Se encontró una relación entre la edad y los dolores de espalda (p = 0,007), al igual que entre la edad y los dolores en miembros superiores (p= 0,001), así mismo, se observó una relación entre el estado de las vías (aberturas y huecos) por las que transitan los bicitaxistas, con el dolor de miembros superiores (p= 0,007). El bicitaxismo en una alternativa de trabajo y de transporte para la comunidad, que debido a las condiciones en las que laboran, se están generando dolencias en diferentes segmentos corporales.

Informe del Undécimo Período de Sesiones del Comité de Expertos Gubernamentales de Alto Nivel (CEGAN), Bogotá, Colombia, 3-6 marzo 1986 = Report of the Eleventh Session of the Committee of High-Level Government Experts (CEGAN), Bogota, Colombia, 3-6 March 1986

Contiene la organizacion de los trabajos, resumen de los debates y conclusiones de la reunion que tuvo por objetivo analizar, por una parte, la instrumentacion de la Estrategia Internacional del Desarrollo (EID) y las perspectivas de America Latina y el Caribe para el fin del decenio de 1980, teniendo presente la evolucion de la crisis y, por la otra, la deuda externa de America Latina y el Caribe.

Inmigración y urbanización en Bogotá, Colombia = Immigration and urbanization in Bogota, Colombia

Los documentos del Seminario fueron publicados por UNESCO en 1961 con el título: La urbanización en América Latina/Urbanization in Latin America

The Digital Divide in the University: The Appropriation of ICT in Higher Education Students from Bogota, Colombia

The growth and integration of ICTs in the global economy have created conditions that profoundly affect our society, dividing communities between those who effectively appropriate these resources and those who do not, what is called the digital divide. This exploratory study seeks to propose and validate ways of assessing this phenomenon in higher education, from the construction of a model and a comprehensive methodology that value contextual conditions, in addition to measuring access factors and motivation for use, that have been employed in previous research. To obtain indications about the behavior of this phenomenon, we developed research with students from three universities in Bogota, administering 566 surveys in four phases that would test the variables proposed in the model. The results show that the variables of the model link causally, with the strongest relations between education, attitude towards ICTs and ICT application. Although students have good access to ICTs and high levels of education, no strong relationship was found in regards to perceived impact on production. This may be explained by a superficial appropriation of ICT, due to a context that is alien to its conditions of origin (industrialism, innovation), poor quality of education and economies not centered around R&D.

Barrio La Cecilia, Bogota, Colombia

El barrio de "La Cecilia" es un barrio ilegal por encontrarse en un terreno protegido, por lo tanto es necesario frenar la expansión y generar un nievo límite. En paralelo la ausencia de equipamientos y de espacio público, unido a un saneamiento sanitario existente precario hacen que no se cumplan los criterios de Habitabilidad Básica en el barrio. El proyecto que se propone plantea, aprovechando el plan de intervención en el espacio protegido de los Cerros Orientales, la creación de un nuevo parque lineal de acceso al río que genere un nuevo límite para evitar la expansión. El nuevo equipamiento estará relacionado directamente con las actividades del parque ya que será un reflejo de la percepción de los visitantes del reformado entorno natural. Por otro lado se plantea una nueva ordenanza que regule las futuras construcciones dentro del barrio y se propone una renovación del sistema de saneamiento urbano basado en un biosistema.

Address before the second plenary session of the Ninth International Conference of American States, Bogotá, Colombia, April 1, 1948.

Mode of access: Internet.

A youth vision of the city: The socio-spatial lives and exclusion of street girls in Bogota, Colombia

This dissertation documents the everyday lives and spaces of a population of youth typically constructed as out of place, and the broader urban context in which they are rendered as such. Thirty-three female and transgender street youth participated in the development of this youth-based participatory action research (YPAR) project utilizing geo-ethnographic methods, auto-photography, and archival research throughout a six-phase, eighteen-month research process in Bogotá, Colombia. ^ This dissertation details the participatory writing process that enabled the YPAR research team to destabilize dominant representations of both street girls and urban space and the participatory mapping process that enabled the development of a youth vision of the city through cartographic images. The maps display individual and aggregate spatial data indicating trends within and making comparisons between three subgroups of the research population according to nine spatial variables. These spatial data, coupled with photographic and ethnographic data, substantiate that street girls’ mobilities and activity spaces intersect with and are altered by state-sponsored urban renewal projects and paramilitary-led social cleansing killings, both efforts to clean up Bogotá by purging the city center of deviant populations and places. ^ Advancing an ethical approach to conducting research with excluded populations, this dissertation argues for the enactment of critical field praxis and care ethics within a YPAR framework to incorporate young people as principal research actors rather than merely voices represented in adultist academic discourse. Interjection of considerations of space, gender, and participation into the study of street youth produce new ways of envisioning the city and the role of young people in research. Instead of seeing the city from a panoptic view, Bogotá is revealed through the eyes of street youth who participated in the construction and feminist visualization of a new cartography and counter-map of the city grounded in embodied, situated praxis. This dissertation presents a socially responsible approach to conducting action-research with high-risk youth by documenting how street girls reclaim their right to the city on paper and in practice; through maps of their everyday exclusion in Bogotá followed by activism to fight against it.^

Balance de la situación actual del programa redep, desde la implementación por el IPES en la localidad Santafe - Bogota Colombia, durante el periodo 2007 - 2012

Tesis (Maestría en Estudios y Gestión del Desarrollo).-- Universidad de La Salle. Maestría en Estudios y Gestión del Desarrollo, 2013

Normative reference values for the 20-meter shuttlerun test in a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia: The FUPRECOL Study

Our aim was to determine the normative reference values of cardiorespiratory fitness (CRF) and to establish the proportion of subjects with low CRF suggestive of future cardio-metabolic risk.

Triceps and subscapular skinfold thicknesses percentiles and cut-offs for overweight and obesity in a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to establish a Colombian smoothed centile charts and LMS tables for tríceps, subscapular and sum tríceps+subscapular skinfolds; appropriate cut-offs were selected using receiver operating characteristic analysis based in a populationbased sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia and to compare them with international studies. METHODS: A total of 9 618 children and adolescents attending public schools in Bogota, Colombia (55.7% girls; age range of 9–17.9 years). Height, weight, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference, triceps and subscapular skinfold measurements were obtained using standardized methods. We have calculated tríceps+subscapular skinfold (T+SS) sum. Smoothed percentile curves for triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness were derived by the LMS method. Receiver operating characteristics curve (ROC) analyses were used to evaluate the optimal cut-off point of tríceps, subscapular and sum tríceps+subscapular skinfolds for overweight and obesity based on the International Obesity Task Force (IOTF) definitions. Data were compared with international studies. RESULTS: Subscapular, triceps skinfolds and T+SS were significantly higher in girls than in boys (P <0.001). The median values for triceps, subscapular as well as T+SS skinfold thickness increased in a sex-specific pattern with age. The ROC analysis showed that subscapular, triceps skinfolds and T+SS have a high discrimination power in the identification of overweight and obesity in the sample population in this study. Based on the raw non-adjusted data, we found that Colombian boys and girls had high triceps and subscapular skinfolds values than their counterparts from Spain, UK, German and US. CONCLUSIONS: Our results provide sex- and age-specific normative reference standards for the triceps and subscapular skinfold thickness values in a large, population-based sample of 3 schoolchildren and adolescents from an Latin-American population. By providing LMS tables for Latin-American people based on Colombian reference data, we hope to provide quantitative tools for the study of obesity and its complications.

Validity and reliability of the international fItness scale (IFIS) in a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia: The FUPRECOL study

The International FItness Scale (IFIS) is a self-reported measure of physical fitness that could easily. This scale has been validated in children, adolescents, and young adults; however, it is unknown whether the IFIS represents a valid and reliable estimate of physical fitness in Latino-American youth population. In the present study we aimed to examine the validity and reliability of the IFIS on a population-based sample of schoolchildren in Bogota, Colombia. Participants were 1,875 Colombian youth (56.2% girls) aged 9 to 17.9 years old. We measured adiposity markers (body fat, waist-to-height ratio, skinfold thicknesses and BMI), blood pressure, lipids profile, fasting glucose, and physical fitness level (self reported and measured). Also, a validated cardiometabolic risk index was used. An age- and sex-matched sample of 229 Schoolchildren originally not included in the study sample fulfilled IFIS twice for reliability purposes. Our data suggest that both measured and self-reported overall fitness were associated inversely with adiposity indicators and a cardiometabolic risk score. Overall, schoolchildren who self-reported “good” and “very good” fitness had better measured fitness than those who reported “very poor” and “poor” fitness (all p<0.001). Test–retest reliability of IFIS items was also good, with an average weighted Kappa of 0.811. Therefore, our findings suggest that self-reported fitness, as assessed by IFIS, is a valid, reliable, and health-related measure, and it can be a good alternative for future use in large studies with Latin-schoolchildren from Colombia.

Análisis de los problemas de gobernabilidad en la consolidación de la Ciudad-Región de Bogotá-Cundinamarca. Periodo 2000-2007

El objetivo de la presente monografía es identificar los problemas que se presentan en términos de gobernabilidad en la consolidación de la Ciudad-región Bogotá-Cundinamarca en el periodo de 2000-2007. La importancia de este tema radica en la necesidad de crear una agenda conjunta de Bogotá-Cundinamarca y de consolidar un modelo integrado de desarrollo basado en la concertación y la cooperación entre distintos actores nacionales, departamentales, distritales y municipales. Para ello, se requiere una concepción dinámica del territorio que vaya más allá de los límites político-jurídicos establecidos y mediante la cual se logre enfrentar los problemas que surgen de la integración desordenada, descontrolada y antiecológica del Distrito Capital con los municipios circunvecinos.

Exposiciones itinerantes en el Tren de la Sabana

La propuesta se enmarca en el mejoramiento de la oferta cultural y turística del Tren de la Sabana de Bogotá, a través de la creación de un museo itinerante en el interior de un vagón, que exhibe fotografía y documentales. Su propósito es divulgar, difundir y promover el conocimiento del Patrimonio Cultural.

Estudio de planeación estratégica : ¿qué pasará con la movilidad para el 2018 en Bogotá, con el surgimiento del sistema de transporte integrado?

En los últimos 15 años se ha discutido sobre las posibles soluciones a las dificultades del sistema integrado de transporte público a las que se enfrenta Bogotá. Restricciones como “Pico y Placa”, el día del “No carro”, sistemas masivos de transporte y la posibilidad de implementar el metro han sido alternativas que no han llegado a su fin de ejecución pero tampoco han logrado formalizarse y aplicarse de tal manera que favorezcan a la movilidad urbana. Nuestro centro de análisis será la movilidad urbana compuesta por diferentes variables que serán estudiadas a nivel macro como la capacidad de la malla vial a nivel de expansión territorial en la ciudad, el parque automotor, el manejo de la administración de la alcaldía en las licitaciones y chatarrización tanto a nivel micro como la cultura de movilidad y la influencia en la calidad de vida por esta tecnificación de transporte. Existen muchos estudios sobre los problemas de movilidad tanto en Latino América como en países Europeos, sin embargo lo que se pretende en este estudio es un planteamiento más general para una concertación de soluciones innovadoras y eficaces en la dirección técnica y política para una realidad territorial y urbana en calidad de servicio.