854 resultados para Nurses with management functions
Resumo:
IT Service Management plays a key role in many IT organizations today. First IT Service Management principles founded in the early 1980s but the real adaption emerged in the end 2000s. IT Financial Management is one of IT Service Managements processes. The main purpose of this thesis was study how IT Financial Management approach can be improved in a case company. Budgeting, accounting and charging are IT Financial Management functions. These functions are researched in this thesis. Thesis materials consist of both qualitative and quantitative material. The theoretical part consists mostly of IT Service Management literature while interviews and the case companys information systems are researched in the empirical part. Thesis also reviews different kind of the systems which supports and automates IT Financial Management functions. The biggest challenge is the cost allocation with the current ERP system in the case company. It is worth to take group based system for allocation in use before there is a holistic system in a market. The case company should also develop its IT service processes forward.
Resumo:
Cette thse cherche comprendre comment les transformations bureaucratiques influencent lactivit professionnelle des infirmires et du personnel soignant dexprience dans le domaine des soins aux personnes ges en perte dautonomie depuis les annes 90 au Qubec. Elle sinscrit dans une profonde remise en question de ltat-providence, de sa rgulation hirarchique, de son rapport avec le march priv, et particulirement des agences prives de placement du personnel. Prenant en compte le dploiement ingal des changements imposs de faon top down et promus par des considrations conomiques visant une plus grande performance des services publics, plus prs du milieu de vie de la personne, notre dmarche tient aussi compte de la dimension relationnelle propre au travail infirmier, qui sillustre par des formes diffrencies tenant compte des modles de pratique prconiss. Notre dmarche sattarde finalement aux rapports entre lactivit professionnelle et la prise de la retraite. travers lexploration du nouveau rle attendu de linfirmire, dont les habilets de chef ou de gestion dquipe de travail sont sollicites titre d intervenante pivot ou de gestionnaire de cas , et de la place importante quoccupe la notion de comptences relationnelles dans la prescription de nouvelles modalits des services, plus prs des besoins spcifiques de la personne, les donnes empiriques se prsentent sous la forme dun tableau htrogne qui montre que ce ne sont pas toutes les infirmires qui souscrivent ce type de pratique professionnelle. Leur ge, exprience et trajectoire professionnelle, le poste occup ou encore le milieu de pratique influenceront le rapport entre leurs activits professionnelles et le cadre bureaucratique en transformation. La base empirique de la recherche est constitue dune collecte de donnes ralise entre janvier 2003 et juillet 2006 et qui comprend 9 entrevues exploratoires, 7 entrevues semi-diriges auprs de retrait-e-s, infirmires, infirmires auxiliaires, 17 runions incluant majoritairement des membres de la direction dtablissements, ainsi que des syndicats, 21 observations directes avec des infirmires, infirmires auxiliaires, prposes aux bnficiaires et auxiliaires familiales et sociales, la passation de 112 questionnaires auprs de ces diffrentes catgories professionnelles, et 7 entrevues semi-diriges complmentaires, rparties dans 4 tablissements diffrents, sur deux territoires. Quatre grands constats ressortent de notre matriel empirique. Premirement, la dimension relationnelle au sein des activits professionnelles du personnel soignant dexprience ainsi que sa perception en ce qui concerne les comptences et lge prsentent des formes contrastes, voire opposes. Si certains membres du personnel soignant estiment que les interactions professionnelles se sont considrablement rduites la suite des transformations des dernires annes et que la comptence nest pas relie lge des professionnelles, les observations directes indiquent, au contraire, un rapport troit entre ces deux derniers lments qui sillustre travers de riches relations interpersonnelles. Les donnes quantitatives montrent, quant elles, quune crasante majorit de rpondantes estiment que les comptences associes leurs fonctions sont reconnues par lorganisation (89,3%), probablement sous langle de la conformit aux descriptions de travail, et quelles bnficient dune marge dautonomie dans leur travail (83%). Deuximement, des rsultats sopposent galement en ce qui concerne linfluence du cadre bureaucratique sur les capacits ou l intrt des infirmires dexprience maintenir un lien lemploi la date dligibilit la retraite. La majorit des rpondantes sestiment incapables de conserver un tel lien alors quune minorit dentre elles exprime un intrt face au nouveau rle souhait chez linfirmire. Quantitativement, la prise de la retraite bas ge est toutefois marquante, surtout pour celles qui occupent une fonction et possdent une rmunration leve (ex. cadres). Troisimement, des contrastes apparaissent aussi en ce qui concerne les formes que prennent les rivalits entre les infirmires dexprience et dautres catgories professionnelles ainsi que dans les rapports intergnrationnels. Mme si les trois quarts (76,2%) des rpondantes dexprience estiment que la rpartition du travail devrait tre le fruit dune discussion entre elles et les plus jeunes, et non une imposition de la direction, prs de la totalit (92,6%) veulent garder leurs acquis sociaux mme si elles savent que la prochaine gnration de travailleuses naura pas les mmes avantages. Leur rapport face aux professionnelles dagences prives de placement est galement paradoxal. Huit rpondantes sur dix (78,6%) peroivent le fait que ltablissement recourt aux agences de placement contribue alourdir leur travail, alors quune partie envisage de poursuivre leur activit professionnelle aprs leur date dligibilit la retraite, par lintermdiaire de ces mmes agences. Finalement, il ressort de ce portrait htrogne que la confrontation des changements du cadre bureaucratique sur lactivit professionnelle se manifestera diffremment selon la vision paradigmatique quaura le personnel soignant de sa pratique. Les rsultats quantitatifs et qualitatifs soulignent que ce paradigme sera influenc par trois dimensions : le territoire de pratique, le type dtablissement de services et lunit spcifique de travail. Le style de gestion (traditionnel ou intgrateur) influencera galement limpact de ces changements. Lanalyse et linterprtation de linfluence diffrencie des transformations bureaucratiques sur lactivit professionnelle sillustrent par la manifestation de rapports plus conflictuels avec les autorits administrative et professionnelle, ainsi que dans les relations interprofessionnelles. Ces conflits ont merg lors du passage dun cadre bureaucratique historiquement construit sur un modle mdical (cure) qui considre la personne comme un malade chronique et associ un style de gestion traditionnel, voire autoritaire, surtout dans certains CHSLD, une approche milieu de vie privilgiant un modle daccompagnement (care) favorisant des services associs aux besoins spcifiques de la personne en perte dautonomie, titre de partenaire actif . Le style de gestion intgrateur de ce dernier modle rapproche les domaines administratif et de soins de sant, approche que nous retrouvons davantage, mais non exclusivement, dans le cadre de soins domicile. Une des conclusions majeures de cette thse est la possibilit d enrichir les qualifications de base (Le Boterf, 2005) des professionnelles lorsque le cadre bureaucratique et le style de gestion institus tendent vers un modle care/intgrateur, ce qui constitue une forme de compromis social (Oiry, 2004). La surutilisation des effectifs (OBrian-Pallas et al., 2005) qui en rsulte peut expliquer, en partie, lincontournable force dattraction vers la retraite, ds la date dadmissibilit, du personnel soignant, quitte ce quil poursuive ensuite ses activits professionnelles, selon des exigences personnelles, par le biais dagences prives de placement. Les fissures (Laville, 2005) de la frontire entre les services publics et ceux du march priv ne peuvent alors que saccentuer, surtout lorsquon constate que le cinquime des effectifs, soit 14, 000 infirmires de 55 ans et plus, est potentiellement admissible la retraite ds maintenant (OIIQ, 2008a).
Resumo:
The thesis entitled Personnel Management Practices in the Kerala-Based Scheduled Commercial Banks. Personnel management function is of cardinal importance, requiring a sophisticated and scientific approach. In a labour-intensive, service industry like banking. Productivity and ultimate profitability of the entire organization depend considerably on the effectiveness with which personnel management function is executed; and the prudence with which personnel problems are handle. The main objectives of the study are to understand the current status of personnel management functions in the banks and to evaluate the practices in the light of the principles and theories of personnel management so as to identify the strengths and weaknesses. The universe of this study is the eight Scheduled Commercial Banks based in Kerala. The major limitation of the study is that as State Bank of Travancore, the lone public sector bank based in Kerala did not grant permission for collection of data, this study had to be confined to private sector banks only. Almost the entire data used for this study are primary and were collected from the files and other records or the concerned banks. This report has chapters dealing with the functional areas of personnel management such as determination of human resource requirements, recruitment and selection, training and development, performance appraisal, promotions and compensation. Findings reveal that the practice of personnel management in the Kerala-based private sector scheduled commercial banks has not gained a degree of sophistication compatible with its role in modern business management.
Resumo:
The decline in frontal cognitive functions contributes to alterations of gait and increases the risk of falls in patients with dementia, a category which included Alzheimer's disease (AD). The objective of the present study was to compare the gait parameters and the risk of falls among patients at different stages of AD, and to relate these variables with cognitive functions. This is a cross-sectional study with 23 patients with mild and moderate AD. The Clinical Dementia Rating was used to classify the dementia severity. The kinematic parameters of gait (cadence, stride length, and stride speed) were analyzed under two conditions: (a) single task (free gait) and (b) dual task (walking and counting down). The risk of falls was evaluated using the Timed Up-and-Go test. The frontal cognitive functions were evaluated using the Frontal Assessment Battery (FAB), the Clock Drawing Test (CDT) and the Symbol Search Subtest. The patients who were at the moderate stage suffered reduced performance in their stride length and stride speed in the single task and had made more counting errors in the dual task and still had a higher fall risk. Both the mild and the moderate patients exhibited significant decreases in stride length, stride speed and cadence in the dual task. Was detected a significant correlation between CDT, FAB, and stride speed in the dual task condition. We also found a significant correlation between subtest Similarities, FAB and cadence in the dual task condition. The dual task produced changes in the kinematic parameters of gait for the mild and moderate AD patients and the gait alterations are related to frontal cognitive functions, particularly executive functions.
Resumo:
The objective of this study was to undertake a critical reflection regarding assessment as a managerial tool that promotes the inclusion of nurses in the health system management process. Nurses, because of their education and training, which encompasses knowledge in both the clinical and managerial fields and is centered on care, have the potential to assume a differentiated attitude in management, making decisions and proposing health policies. Nevertheless, it is necessary to first create and consolidate an expressive inclusion in decisive levels of management. Assessment is a component of management, the results of which may contribute to making decisions that are more objective and allow for improving healthcare interventions and reorganizing health practice within a political, economic, social and professional context; it is also an area for the application of knowledge that has the potential to change the current panorama of including nurses in management.
Resumo:
BACKGROUND: We have carried out an extensive qualitative research program focused on the barriers and facilitators to successful adoption and use of various features of advanced, state-of-the-art electronic health records (EHRs) within large, academic, teaching facilities with long-standing EHR research and development programs. We have recently begun investigating smaller, community hospitals and out-patient clinics that rely on commercially-available EHRs. We sought to assess whether the current generation of commercially-available EHRs are capable of providing the clinical knowledge management features, functions, tools, and techniques required to deliver and maintain the clinical decision support (CDS) interventions required to support the recently defined "meaningful use" criteria. METHODS: We developed and fielded a 17-question survey to representatives from nine commercially available EHR vendors and four leading internally developed EHRs. The first part of the survey asked basic questions about the vendor's EHR. The second part asked specifically about the CDS-related system tools and capabilities that each vendor provides. The final section asked about clinical content. RESULTS: All of the vendors and institutions have multiple modules capable of providing clinical decision support interventions to clinicians. The majority of the systems were capable of performing almost all of the key knowledge management functions we identified. CONCLUSION: If these well-designed commercially-available systems are coupled with the other key socio-technical concepts required for safe and effective EHR implementation and use, and organizations have access to implementable clinical knowledge, we expect that the transformation of the healthcare enterprise that so many have predicted, is achievable using commercially-available, state-of-the-art EHRs.
Resumo:
Hospitalized individuals are isolated from their familiar environment at the onset of illness. Those individuals who are non-communicative are detached from the world and from life, as they previously knew it. Although nurses have long since recognized the importance of communication, patients still report the lack of iy. This study was done to identify factors influencing critical care nurses to communicate with their noncommunicative patients. The overall results of the study indicate that nurses are aware of the importance of verbal communication with patients who may be intubated, paralyzed, unconscious, comatose or neurologically impaired and are not deterred by them. Despite these results, some significant observations emerged identified. CCRN certified nurses and nurses with more years of experience were less likely to have verbal communication with noncommunicative patients. Nurses with children, spouses and those working full-time were more likely to communicate with non-communicative patients.
Resumo:
Adolescents - defined as young people between 10 and 19 years of age1 - are, in general, a relatively healthy segment of the population.2 However, the developmental changes that take place during adolescence may affect their subsequent risk for diseases and for a variety of health-related behaviors. In fact, early onset of preventable health problems (e.g. obesity, malnutrition, STDs) and the engagement in health risk behaviors (e.g., sedentary life style, excessive alcohol consumption, unprotected sex) during adolescence, are likely to put them at greater risk for physical and mental health problems at a later stage in life. Moreover, health related problems and health risk behaviors may disrupt adolescents' physical and cognitive development and therefore may affect their ability to think and act in relation to decisions about their health in the future.1 In summary, health-related behaviors in adolescence, apart from their influence on the continuum of "health-disease", they also have the potential to influence future behaviors. In fact, several studies have shown that past behaviors are good predictors of future behaviors .3,4 Thus, promoting healthy practices during adolescence and taking measures to better protect young people from health risks are essential for the prevention of health problems in adulthood.5 According to the World Health Organization, the main problems affecting young people include mental health problems (such as behavioral disorders, eating disorders, suicide, anxiety or depression), the use of substances (illegal substances, alcohol and tobacco), interpersonal violence, nutrition (a proper nutrition consists of healthy eating habits and physical exercise), unintentional injuries (which are a leading cause of death and disability among young people, with road traffic injuries accounting for about 700 deaths per day), sexual and reproductive health (for example, risky sexual behaviors, early pregnancy and childbirth) and HIV (resulting from sexual transmission and drug injection).5,6 On the other hand, the number of children and youth with chronic health conditions has increased dramatically in the past four decades7 as larger numbers of chronically ill children survive beyond the age of 10.8 Despite the lack of data on adolescents' health making it difficult to determine the prevalence of chronic illnesses in this age group9, it is known that one in ten adolescents suffers from a chronic condition worldwide.10 In fact, national population based studies from Western countries show that 20-30% of teenagers have a chronic illness, defined as one that lasts longer than six months.8 The most prevalent chronic illness among adolescents is asthma and the one with the highest incidence is diabetes mellitus, particularly type II.9 Traditionally, healthcare professionals have been mainly investing in health education activities, through the transmission of knowledge with a view to creating habits, customs and behaviors, and promoting healthy lifestyles. However, empowering people does not only consist of giving them the right information11 , i.e. good information is not enough to cause people to make changes.12 The motivation or desire to change unhealthy behaviors and habits depends on many factors, namely intrinsic motivation, control over personal decisions, self-confidence and perception of effectiveness, personal ambivalence, and individualized assistance.12 Many professionals assume that supplying knowledge is sufficient for behavioral changes; however, even very good advice often fails to generate behavioral change. After all, people continue to engage in unhealthy behaviors despite clearly knowing what they should do and how to change. "What is lacking is the motivation to apply that knowledge".13, p.1233 In fact, behavioral change is a complex phenomenon with multiple determinants that also includes motivational variables. It is associated with ambivalent processes expressed in the dilemma between keeping the current status and moving on to new ways of acting. For example, telling adolescents that if they keep on engaging in a certain behavior, they are increasing the risk of developing a long-term condition such as cardiovascular disease, stroke or diabetes is rarely enough to trigger the desired behavioral change; people are more likely to change when they believe that the change is really effective and that they are able to implement it.12 Therefore, it is essential to provide specific training for "healthcare professionals to master motivational techniques, avoid confrontation with the users, and facilitate behavioral changes".14 In this context, motivating patients to make behavioral changes is also an important nursing task where change in lifestyle is a major element of patients' treatment and preventive interventions.15 One of the nurse's goals is to help improve a patient's health or help them to manage existing health conditions. Once nurses are in a position where they have to focus on accomplishing tasks and telling patients what needs to be accomplished16, the role of the nurse is expanding even more into the use of motivational strategies.17 MI is bringing nurses back to therapeutic communication and moving them closer to successful health promotion and disease management, by promoting behavior change and empowering their patients. As the nursing profession evolves, MI is seen as a challenge and the basis of nurse's interactions with individuals, families and communities.16, 17 In the same way, MI may be taken as an essential tool in the provision of nursing care to adolescents, being itself a workspace with possible therapeutic effects regarding problems, clarification of doubts, and development of skills.18 In fact, MI may be particularly applicable in work with adolescents because of their specific developmental stage. Adolescents attempt to establish their own autonomy and identity while struggling with social interactions and moral issues, which leads to ambivalence.19 Consistent with the developmental challenges during adolescence, "MI explicitly honors autonomy, people's right and irrevocable ability to decide about their own behavior"20 while allowing the person to explore possibilities for change of risky or maladaptive behaviours.19 MI can be defined as a directive, client-centred counselling style for eliciting behavior change by helping clients to explore and resolve ambivalence. It is most centrally defined not by technique but by its spirit as a facilitative style of interpersonal relationship.21 It is a set of strategies and techniques widely used in clinical practice based on the transtheoretical model of change. The Stages of Change model describes five stages of readiness—precontemplation, contemplation, preparation, action, and maintenance—and provides a framework for understanding behavior change.22 The MI has been widely tested and applied in different areas, such as modification of addictive behaviors, interventions with offenders in the context of justice, eating disorders, promotion of therapeutic adherence among chronic patients, promotion of learning in school settings or intervention with adolescents at risk.18,23 In general, clinical practice has been adopting the perspective of motivation as something relatively immutable, i.e., the adolescent is either motivated for change/treatment and, in these conditions, the professional's role is to help him/her, or the adolescent is not motivated and then change/treatment is not feasible. Alternatively the theoretical model underlying the MI technique postulates that the individual's adherence to change/treatment depends on his/her motivation, which can change throughout the therapeutic intervention. As several studies found positive results for effects of MI24-26 and its use by health professionals is encouraged23,27 nurses may play an important role in patients' process of change. As nurses have a crucial role in clinical contexts, they can facilitate the process of ending risk behaviors and/or adopting positive health behaviors through some motivational techniques, namely with adolescents. A considerable number of systematic reviews about MI already exist pointing to some benefits of its use in the treatment of a broad range of behavioral problems and diseases.13,28,29 Some of the current reviews focus on examining the effectiveness of MI for adolescents with diverse health risks/problems 30-32. However, to date there are no reviews that present and assess the evidence for the use of nurse-led MI in adolescents. Therefore, we have little knowledge of what works for whom (which adolescent subpopulation) under what circumstances (in which setting, for what problem) in relation to motivational interviewing by nurses. There is a clear need for scoping or mapping the use of MI by nurses with adolescents to identify evidence gaps and to inform opportunities for future development in nursing practice. On the other hand, information regarding nurse-led implemented and evaluated interventions, techniques and/or strategies used, contexts of application and adolescents subpopulation groups is dispersed in the literature33-36 which impedes the formulation of precise questions about the effectiveness of those interventions conducted by nurses and therefore the realization of a systematic review. In other words, it is known that different kind of motivational interventions have been implemented in different contexts by nurses, however does not exist a map about all the motivational techniques and/or strategies used. Furthermore the literature does not clarify which is the role of nurses at cross professional motivational intervention implemented programs and finally the outcomes and evaluation of interventions are unclear. Thus, the practical implication of this mapping will be clarifying all these aspects. Without this clarification is not possible to proceed to the realization of a systematic review about the effectiveness of the use of motivational interviews by nurses to promote health behaviors in adolescents, in a particular context and/or health risk behavior; or regarding the effectiveness of certain technique and/or strategy of MI. Consequently, there are important questions about the nature of the evidence in this area that need to be answered before formulating a precise question of effectiveness. This scoping review aims to respond to these questions. An initial search of the JBI Database of Systematic Reviews & Implementation Reports, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, , Database of promoting health effectiveness reviews (DoPHER), The Campbell Library, Medline and CINAHL, has revealed that currently there is no Scoping Review (published or in progress) on the subject. In this context, this scoping review will examine and map the published and unpublished research around the use of MI by nurses implemented and evaluated to promote health behaviors in adolescents; to establish its current extent, range and nature and identify its feasibility, outcomes and gaps in the evidence defining research priorities in this field. This scoping review will be informed by the JBI methodology37 that suggests a five stage methodological framework for conducting scoping reviews which includes: identifying the research question, searching for relevant studies, selecting studies, charting data, collating, summarizing and reporting the results.
Resumo:
Toxic metals are part of the most important groups of environmental pollutants that can bind to vital cellular components and interfere with their functions via inhalation, foods, water etc. The serum levels of toxic metals (lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic) in pregnant women with history of pregnancy complications, pregnant women without history of pregnancy complication and non-pregnant women in Benin City, South South Nigeria was investigated in this paper, with total of 135 healthy women comprising of 45 pregnant women with history of previous pregnancy complications, 45 pregnant women without history of pregnancy complications and 45 non-pregnant women without history of pregnancy complications (controls). Some demographic characteristics and 4ml of blood samples were obtained from each subject for the analysis of lead, mercury, cadmium and arsenic by standard methods. Pregnant women with history of pregnancy complications recorded a highly significant increase in the toxic metal (lead) mean value of 25.81g/dl as against 23.70g/dl for pregnant women without history of pregnancy complications and 11.23g/dl for non-pregnant (control) women without history of pregnancy complications as well as significant increases in the mean values of other toxic metals (mercury, cadmium and arsenic) compared with controls (p<0.001). The selected toxic metals (Pb, Hg, Cd and As) may be involved in the development of pregnancy complications among pregnant women in Benin City, South South Nigeria. Lead in particular may pose threat to mothers and fetuses as its mean values in the two groups of pregnant women were well above normal.
Resumo:
Home care is the preferred option for most people with a terminal illness. Providing home care relies on good community-based services, and a general practice workforce competent in palliative care practice and willing to accommodate patients' needs. Structured palliative care training of general practitioners is needed at undergraduate and postgraduate level, with attention to barriers to teamwork and communication. Good palliative care-can be delivered to patients at home by GPs (supported by specialist palliative care teams) and community nurses, with access to an inpatient facility when required. To optimise patient care, careful planning and good communication between all members of the healthcare team is crucial.
Resumo:
The cytoplasmic and nuclear protein Ki- 1 / 57 was first identified in malignant cells from Hodgkin`s lymphoma. Despite studies showing its phosphorylation, arginine methylation, and interaction with several regulatory proteins, the functional role of Ki- 1 / 57 in human cells remains to be determined. Here, we investigated the relationship of Ki- 1 / 57 with RNA functions. Through immunoprecipitation assays, we verified the association of Ki- 1 / 57 with the endogenous splicing proteins hnRNPQ and SFRS9 in HeLa cell extracts. We also found that recombinant Ki- 1 / 57 was able to bind to a poly- U RNA probe in electrophoretic mobility shift assays. In a classic splicing test, we showed that Ki- 1 / 57 can modify the splicing site selection of the adenoviral E1A minigene in a dose- dependent manner. Further confocal and. uorescence microscopy analysis revealed the localization of enhanced green. uorescent protein - Ki- 1 / 57 to nuclear bodies involved in RNA processing and or small nuclear ribonucleoprotein assembly, depending on the cellular methylation status and its N- terminal region. In summary, our findings suggest that Ki- 1 / 57 is probably involved in cellular events related to RNA functions, such as pre- mRNA splicing.
Resumo:
The cellular prion protein (PrPC) is a neuronal anchored glycoprotein that has been associated with distinct functions in the CNS, such as cellular adhesion and differentiation, synaptic plasticity and cognition. Here we investigated the putative involvement of the PrPC in the innate fear-induced behavioural reactions in wild-type (WT), PrPC knockout (Prnp(0/0)) and the PrPC overexpressing Tg-20 mice evoked in a prey versus predator paradigm. The behavioural performance of these mouse strains in olfactory discrimination tasks was also investigated. When confronted with coral snakes, mice from both Prnp(0/0) and Tg-20 strains presented a significant decrease in frequency and duration of defensive attention and risk assessment, compared to WT mice. Tg-20 mice presented decreased frequency of escape responses, increased exploratory behaviour, and enhancement of interaction with the snake, suggesting a robust fearlessness caused by PrPC overexpression. Interestingly, there was also a discrete decrease in the attentional defensive response (decreased frequency of defensive alertness) in Prnp(0/0) mice in the presence of coral snakes. Moreover, Tg-20 mice presented an increased exploration of novel environment and odors. The present findings indicate that the PrPC overexpression causes hyperactivity, fearlessness, and increased preference for visual, tactile and olfactory stimuli-associated novelty, and that the PrPC deficiency might lead to attention deficits. These results suggest that PrPC exerts an important role in the modulation of innate fear and novelty-induced exploration. (C) 2008 Published by Elsevier B.V.
Resumo:
The magnitude of genotype-by-management (G x M) interactions for grain yield and grain protein concentration was examined in a multi-environment trial (MET) involving a diverse set of 272 advanced breeding lines from the Queensland wheat breeding program. The MET was structured as a series of management-regimes imposed at 3 sites for 2 years. The management-regimes were generated at each site-year as separate trials in which planting time, N fertiliser application rate, cropping history, and irrigation were manipulated. irrigation was used to simulate different rainfall regimes. From the combined analysis of variance, the G x M interaction variance components were found to be the largest source of G x E interaction variation for both grain yield (0.117 +/- 0.005 t(2) ha(-2); 49% of total G x E 0.238 +/- 0.028 t(2) ha(-2)) and grain protein concentration (0.445 +/- 0.020%(2); 82% of total G x E 0.546 +/- 0.057%(2)), and in both cases this source of variation was larger than the genotypic variance component (grain yield 0.068 +/- 0.014 t(2) ha(-2) and grain protein 0.203 +/- 0.026%(2)). The genotypic correlation between the traits varied considerably with management-regime, ranging from -0.98 to -0.31, with an estimate of 0.0 for one trial. Pattern analysis identified advanced breeding lines with improved grain yield and grain protein concentration relative to the cultivars Hartog, Sunco and Meteor. It is likely that a large component of the previously documented G x E interactions for grain yield of wheat in the northern grains region are in part a result of G x M interactions. The implications of the strong influence of G x M interactions for the conduct of wheat breeding METs in the northern region are discussed. (C) 2001 Elsevier Science B.V. All rights reserved.
Resumo:
Esta pesquisa tem a inteno de descrever as caractersticas do trabalho gerencial de gestores educacionais, iniciando-se de estudo realizado com gestores escolares, coordenadores pedaggicos que atendem s escolas multisseriadas da secretaria de educao do municpio de Santa Maria de Jetib (ES). Buscou-se caracterizar a ao gerencial desses gestores partindo das percepes deles sobre os trabalhos realizados junto aos demais membros da comunidade escolar, equipes de gesto e gesto da secretaria municipal, no deixando de lado as particularidades da rea educacional, principalmente sobre gesto democrtica e autonomia. Para se entender a diversidade, a complexidade e as dinmicas relaes dos gestores, foram realizadas entrevistas semiestruturadas que contriburam para aprofundamento nessas dinmicas. Documentos foram analisados para conhecimento e caracterizao da formatao da estrutura organizacional da secretaria de educao. Os relatos das entrevistas apresentaram fragmentos que puderam nortear ideias para um melhor tratamento dos dados, que foram realizados analisando os contedos apresentados pelos gestores entrevistados. As conversas realizadas com esses entrevistados mostraram ambiguidade, dinamismo e pluralidade no desenvolvimento das funes gerenciais dos gestores educacionais, que so lderes, companheiros e executores de trabalhos junto aos demais componentes das relaes do ambiente educacional. Assim, as expectativas so de que esta pesquisa possa fazer com que novos dilogos surjam para discutir as relaes dos gestores educacionais, principalmente sobre as aes dos coordenadores que atuam junto s escolas multisseriadas.
Resumo:
Este relatrio diz respeito ao trabalho desenvolvido em ambiente de estgio acadmico numa Empreitada compreendendo Obras de Arte Correntes e Obras de Arte Especiais inseridas em traado actual do IP4 que est a ser transformado em Auto-Estrada. As Obras de Arte Correntes compreendem Passagens Superiores, Passagens Inferiores e Passagens superiores de N. As Obras de Arte Especiais compreendem duas Pontes com vos distintos. Todas as Obras de Arte referidas neste relatrio contemplam uma soluo mista de beto armado in situ e tabuleiros com vigas e pr-lajes em beto pr-fabricado. Alm da descrio de todas as actividades realizadas em beto armado in situ, desde as fundaes at ao tabuleiro, descreve tambm a execuo dos diversos tipos de trabalhos de acabamentos. Alm das actividades de construo civil, efectuada uma descrio das actividades a cujo processo de realizao esto associados trabalhos de concepo e desenvolvimento, como o caso dos cimbres. Este relatrio faz uma descrio abrangente das funes da Direco de Obra numa Empreitada de Obras de Arte, que para alm da execuo da obra, com todas as actividades que lhe so inerentes, compreende vrias reas funcionais que fazem parte de uma empresa de construo civil, como a rea comercial, financeira, planeamento, aprovisionamento, controlo oramental, gesto contratual, gesto de subempreitadas e gesto da qualidade, ambiente e segurana.
