O papel da Formación Profesional nun contexto rexional. 'El papel de la Formación Profesional en un contexto regional'.

Las nuevas estrategias de desenvolvimiento de la economía regional se estructuran en dos premisas fundamentales: Creación de nuevos puestos de trabajo y la promoción de puestos de trabajo cualificados. Las investigaciones señalan que es necesario para la mejora económica regional: mejorar las políticas de formación mediante la modernización de la red industrial, promoción de nuevas tecnologías, apoyo del saneamiento financiero, apoyo a las pequeñas y medianas empresas y el sector artesanal, promoción de las nuevas empresas y favorecer la implantación de empresas.

Reflexións desde a experiencia de traballo : nun centro de orientación Familiar. 'Reflexiones desde la experiencia de trabajo : en un centro de orientación familiar'.

Se realiza una aproximación a las líneas básicas de actuación en el quehacer profesional cotidiano del Centro de Orientación Familiar de Monforte de Lemos (COF). En este Centro, se pretende una atención integral a la familia que vaya más allá de la prestación de ayuda a mujeres en edad fértil, ya que cualquier etapa del ciclo vital de la familia puede ser susceptible de la orientación familiar. Las líneas básicas de trabajo del centro se basan en que la forma más eficaz para prevenir problemas es asesorando a través de charlas, coloquios, conferencias, actividades en centros escolares, en asociaciones de amas de casa, en emisoras de radio...en definitiva, en todos aquellos colectivos que se muestren más receptivos y sensibilizados cara a la familia.

A orientación profesional na ESO, unha experiencia de orientación profesional nun centro. 'La orientación profesional en la ESO, una experiencia de orientación en un centro'.

Debate sobre la intervención orientadora que suele limitarse a sus ámbitos académico y psicopedagógico, relegando el profesional a la etapa de ESO. Se critica la intencionalidad finalista de este enfoque (basada en el psicodiagnóstico) y sus consiguientes limitaciones; otra crítica es el mero carácter informativo de la orientación, convirtiendo al sujeto en un agente pasivo y olvidando la dimensión personal del individuo. Se propone un programa de educación socioprofesional integrado en el currículo que abarque todos los ámbitos de la función orientadora. Finalmente, se presenta una experiencia de orientación profesional de estas características.

A orientación psicolóxica nun servizo de orientación universitaria. 'La orientación psicológica en un servicio de orientación universitaria'.

Presenta la experiencia de implantación de un sistema de orientación universitaria en la Universidad de Cantabria. Considera la importancia de conocer un servicio de orientación, que esté en funcionamiento previamente, para diseñar la planificación, desarrollo y evaluación, en este caso para un servicio en otro contexto, la Universidad de León.

O estudo de caso como método de investigación en educación especial : exemplificación nun caso de parálise cerebral con plurideficiencia. 'El estudio de un caso como método de investigación en educación especial : ejemplo de un caso de parálisis cerebral con plurideficiencia'.

Resumen tomado de la publicación

O neno xordo no mundo dos oíntes (na procura de) : camiños de saber nun neboeiro de susurros. 'El niño sordo en el mundo de los oyentes (en búsqueda de) : caminos de saber en una niebla de susurros'.

Reflexiona sobre la integración de los niños con deficiencias auditivas en el proceso de escolarización y aprendizaje, con el objetivo de favorecer el desarrollo psicológico de estos. Se explica el proyecto ARIEDA (Association Regionale d'integration des Enfants Déficiants Auditifs), creado por madres y padres con el objetivo de favorecer la integración escolar y social de los niños sordos en el entorno de los oyentes.

A área do 'Medio físico e social' (Educación Infantil) nun curriculum aberto e flexible. 'El área de 'Medio físico y social' (Educación Infantil) en un curriculum abierto y flexible'.

Se fundamenta el área de Medio físico y social, en Educación Infantil, como lugar de orientación y desarrollo de capacidades básicas, mediante un curriculum adaptado que incluya contenidos conceptuales, procedimentales y actitudinales. Se analiza la dimensionalidad transversal del curriculum del área sobre materias como la educación para la paz, educación sexual, la igualdad de oportunidades entre ambos sexos, la educación ambiental o la educación del consumidor.

Flight periodicity and the vertical distribution of high-altitude moth migration over southern Britain

The continuous operation of insect-monitoring radars in the UK has permitted, for the first time, the characterization of various phenomena associated with high-altitude migration of large insects over this part of northern Europe. Previous studies have taken a case-study approach, concentrating on a small number of nights of particular interest. Here, combining data from two radars, and from an extensive suction- and light-trapping network, we have undertaken a more systematic, longer-term study of diel flight periodicity and vertical distribution of macro-insects in the atmosphere. Firstly, we identify general features of insect abundance and stratification, occurring during the 24-hour cycle, which emerge from four years’ aggregated radar data for the summer months in southern Britain. These features include mass emigrations at dusk and to a lesser extent at dawn, and daytime concentrations associated with thermal convection. We then focus our attention on the well-defined layers of large nocturnal migrants that form in the early evening, usually at heights of 200–500 m above ground. We present evidence from both radar and trap data that these nocturnal layers are composed mainly of noctuid moths, with species such as Noctua pronuba, Autographa gamma, Agrotis exclamationis, A. segetum, Xestia c-nigrum and Phlogophora meticulosa predominating.

The roles of olfaction and vision in host-plant finding by the diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella

The relative roles of olfaction and vision in the crepuscular host-finding process of a major lepidopteran pest of cruciferous crops, the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella are investigated in a series of laboratory and semi-field experiments. Flying female moths use volatile plant chemical cues to locate and to promote landing on their host, even in complex mixed-crop environments in large cages. Multiple regression analysis shows that both the plant position (front, middle or back rows) and the type of plant (host plant, nonhost plant) are needed to explain the distribution of insects in such a mixed-crop situation. This strong plant position effect indicates that, when host plants are present in a mixture, foraging P. xylostella are more likely to alight on the first row of the plants. The findings are discussed with regard to current theories of host-plant location by phytophagous insects and the possible implications for integrated pest management.

Use of entomopathogenic bacterium Pseudomonas putida (Enterobacteriaceae) and it secretions against the Greater Wax Moth Galleria mellonella pupae

The bacterium from Pseudomonas putida from Steinernema abbasi and its metabolic secretions caused the mortality of the Galleria mellonella pupae. Experiments were conducted in sand and filter paper on time exposure, temperature, moisture, dose and time of penetration of bacterium in pupae and tested stored or dried toxic metabolites using G. mellonella pupae as a test target organism. Death of pupae was probably due to the toxic metabolites. Pseudomonas putida cells were recovered from the haemocoele when bacterial cells were applied to the G. mellonella pupae indicating that bacterial cells can enter the haemocoele in the absence of nematode vector. Penetration of bacterium was found rapidly after application on G. mellonella pupae. Pseudomonas putida or its toxic secretions can be used as a microbial control for insect control. The experimental results indicate that there is possibility of using P. putida and its toxic secretions as a biopesticide and can contribute in the development of new microbial and biological control against insect pests.

Microbial control of diamondback moth, Plutella xylostella L. (Lepidoptera:Yponomeutidae) using bacteria (Xenorhabdus nematophila) and its metabolites from the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae

Cells and cell-free solutions of the culture filtrate of the bacterial symbiont, Xenorhabdus nematophila taken from the entomopathogenic nematode Steinernema carpocapsae in aqueous broth suspensions were lethal to larvae of the diamondback moth Plutella xylostella. Their application on leaves of Chinese cabbage indicated that the cells can penetrate into the insects in the absence of the nematode vector. Cell-free solutions containing metabolites were also proved as effective as bacterial cells suspension. The application of aqueous suspensions of cells of X. nematophila or solutions containing its toxic metabolites to the leaves represents a possible new strategy for controlling insect pests on foliage.

Conserving marginal populations of the foodplant (Impatiens noli-tangere) of an endangered moth (Eustroma reticulatum) in a changing climate

Impatiens noli-tangere is scarce in the UK and probably only native to the Lake District and Wales. It is the sole food plant for the endangered moth Eustroma reticulattum. Significant annual fluctuations in the size of I. noli-tangere populations endanger the continued presence of E. reticulatum in the UK. In this study, variation in population size was monitored across native populations of L noli-tangere in the English Lake District and Wales. In 1998, there was a crash in the population size of all metapopulations in the Lake District but not of those found in Wales. A molecular survey of the genetic affinities of samples in 1999 from both regions and a reference population from Switzerland was performed using AFLP and ISSR analyses. The consensus UPGMA dendrogram and a PCO scatter plot revealed clear differentiation between the populations of L noli-tangere in Wales and those in the Lake District. Most of the genetic variation in the UK (H-T= 0.064) was partitioned between (G(ST) = 0.455) rather than within (H-S = 0.034) regions, inferring little gene flow occurs between regions. There was similar bias towards differentiation between metapopulations in Wales, again consistent with low levels of interpopulation gene flow. This contrasts with far lower levels of differentiation in the Lake District which suggests modest rates of gene flow may occur between populations. It is concluded that in the event of local extinction of sites or populations, reintroductions should be restricted to samples collected from the same region. We then surveyed climatic variables to identify those most likely to cause local extinctions. Climatic correlates of population size were sought from two Lake District metapopulations situated close to a meteorological station. A combination of three climatic variables common to both sites explained 81-84% of the variation in plant number between 1990 and 2001. Projected trends for these climatic variables were used in a Monte Carlo simulation which suggested an increased risk of I. noli-tangere population crashes by 2050 at Coniston Water. but not at Derwentwater. Implications of these findings for practical conservation strategies are explored. (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

The influence of lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta) provenance on the development and survival of larvae of the pine beauty moth Panolis flammea (Lepidoptera: Noctuidae)

Larvae of the pine beauty moth Panolis flammae (Denis & Schiffermuller) were reared in sleeve cages on five different seed origins (provenances) of pole stage Pinus contorta in the field in each of four years from 1985 to 1988. Survival varied significantly between the years. In those years when survival was high, significant differences between tree provenance were not found. However, between provenance significant differences were found in larval weight and stage of development. In the years when survival was low, the results seen in good years were reversed. Significant differences attributable to provenance were found but these were not reflected in significant differences between larval weight or development. In addition, there was a significant correlation between the proportion surviving and larval weight, which was not the case in those years where larval survival was high. The results are discussed in light of the pest status of P, flammea in Britain and in view of current silvicultural policies. The use of trees resistant to insect attack as part of an integrated pest management programme is highlighted and the need to coordinate laboratory and field studies so as to control for environmental variation discussed.

Are differences in life history parameters of the pine beauty moth Panolis flammea modified by host plant quality or gender?

Pine beauty moth (Panolis flammea D&S, Lepidoptera: Noctuidae) were reared individually from egg hatch to pupation on one of three host plants, Pinus sylvestris (native host plant), Pinus contorta (Central Interior seed origin - good quality introduced host) and P. contorta (Alaskan seed origin - poor quality introduced host). After emerging from the pupae the adult moths were confined to a Skeena River seed origin of P. contorta. Female pupal weight and adult life span were significantly higher on P. sylvestris than on the two lodgepole pine seed origins. Development time was, however, not significantly different between treatments, but larval mean relative growth rate was found to be negatively correlated with birth weight and positively correlated with pupal weight. The time to emerge from the pupa was also not significantly different between treatments. However, there were marked differences between the genders. Male moths lost a significantly greater proportion of their weight over the pupal stage but lived significantly longer as adults than the females. Female moths emerged from the pupal stage significantly sooner than male moths. There was no apparent advantage of lai-ge birth size when looked at in terms of subsequent performance. These results are discussed in light of current life history theory.