Mediated politics in Australia : towards a qualitative evaluation

The debate about the democratic significance of these trends—a more aggressively inquisitorial media environment, greater public participation in political communication, a more accessible and transparent (at least in appearance) political class—continues, not least in Australia. This essay was written in the first half of 2013, a time of extreme political volatility in Australia, and in the run-up to a general election following three years of minority Labor government. By that stage in the political cycle, Prime Minister Julia Gillard had survived not one but two attempts at leadership “spills”, ministers had resigned or been sacked for disloyalty to the leader, major policy initiatives had been dumped, reversed or quietly dropped, and a Coalition opposition was confidently looking forward to a landslide majority in the election of September that year. Labor’s internal party turmoil, rather than the Coalition’s policy prospectus (which remained sketchy and vague right up to the eve of the election), were widely assumed to be the cause of the former’s poor standing in the opinion polls.

Flying-foxes in the Australian urban environment - community attitudes and opinions

The urban presence of flying-foxes (pteropid bats) in eastern Australia has increased in the last 20 years, putatively reflecting broader landscape change. The influx of large numbers often precipitates community angst, typically stemming from concerns about loss of social amenity, economic loss or negative health impacts from recently emerged bat-mediated zoonotic diseases such as Hendra virus and Australian bat lyssavirus. Local authorities and state wildlife authorities are increasingly asked to approve the dispersal or modification of flying-fox roosts to address expressed concerns, yet the scale of this concern within the community, and the veracity of the basis for concern are often unclear. We conducted an on-line survey to capture community attitudes and opinions on flying-foxes in the urban environment to inform management policy and decision-making. Analysis focused on awareness, concerns, and management options, and primarily compared responses from communities where flying-fox management was and was not topical at the time of the survey. While a majority of respondents indicated a moderate to high level of knowledge of both flying-foxes and Hendra virus, a substantial minority mistakenly believed that flying-foxes pose a direct infection risk to humans, suggesting miscommunication or misinformation, and the need for additional risk communication strategies. Secondly, a minority of community members indicated they were directly impacted by urban roosts, most plausibly those living in close proximity to the roost, suggesting that targeted management options are warranted. Thirdly, neither dispersal nor culling was seen as an appropriate management strategy by the majority of respondents, including those from postcodes where flying-fox management was topical. These findings usefully inform community debate and policy development and demonstrate the value of social analysis in defining the issues and options in this complex human - wildlife interaction. The mobile nature of flying-foxes underlines the need for a management strategy at a regional or larger scale, and independent of state borders.

Saúde como direito social na pauta sindical de professores da rede básica de ensino

A pesquisa tem como objeto as bases ético-políticas da organização coletiva dos professores pela sua saúde e, como objetivo, analisar como a questão da saúde dos trabalhadores foi incorporada na pauta sindical dos professores da rede básica de ensino no Brasil, a fim de desvendar concepções sobre saúde que sustentam tais reivindicações. A pergunta orientadora é: a saúde dos trabalhadores da educação tem sido incorporada na pauta sindical dos professores nos limites da reprodução da força de trabalho ou amplia-se para o plano dos direitos? Delimitou-se como campo de pesquisa a Confederação Nacional dos Trabalhadores em Educação (CNTE) por esta entidade sindical ser representativa de mais de dois milhões de trabalhadores da educação da rede básica e pública de ensino no país. Os resultados encontrados possibilitaram reconstruir historicamente o objeto, no sentido de identificar como, quando e por quais meios a entidade sindical iniciou a problematização da questão saúde/adoecimento docente como uma questão coletiva, bem como identificar o papel que a CNTE foi assimilando para si ao longo desse processo e que relações a entidade sindical percebe entre condições e trabalho dos professores e adoecimento. A classificação dos temas em saúde, quanto à sua natureza econômico-corporativa ou ético-política, apreendeu-se que concepções de saúde se fazem presentes nas fontes pesquisadas. Identificou-se que a concepção de saúde ampliada se faz presente na pauta sindical, evidenciada por um conjunto de temas considerados como pertinentes a uma natureza ético-política, notadamente, aqueles presentes na pauta que estão orientados para a defesa do Sistema Único de Saúde e a garantia da saúde por meio de políticas públicas. Contudo, os resultados também mostram que, no âmbito das necessidades provenientes das bases sindicais, ainda prevalecem reivindicações pertinentes a uma natureza econômico-corporativa, que necessárias para os trabalhadores da educação, se configuram a partir de concepções de saúde restritas, predominantemente baseadas em reivindicações por assistência médica, por meio de instituições próprias ao funcionalismo público ou planos de saúde. Neste último sentido, embora importantes, não ampliam o debate sindical no sentido de defender a saúde como direito social. A tese que se defende é que o momento ético-político, no qual se insere a luta pelos direitos sociais, tem relações imediatas com a dimensão ontológica do ser social, assim, tendo como pressuposto de que o trabalho é fundante de todas as determinações do ser social, considera-se que é na dimensão ético-política do processo saúde-doença que se deve introduzir a discussão política da saúde, e nela, a saúde dos trabalhadores a fim de se construir uma pauta contra o entendimento da saúde como uma mercadoria

Współpraca transgraniczna i regionalna w obszarze Morza Bałtyckiego w latach 1989 -2007

Wydział Nauk Politycznych i Dziennikarstwa

Considering the impact of the 'Right to Bargain' Legislation in Ireland: A Review

Ireland is rare among advanced economies in not having statutory trade union recognition legislation for collective bargaining purposes. The matter has been a source of policy contention over the years with attempts to resolve it encapsulated in the so-called ‘Right to Bargain’ legislation, introduced in 2001. This legislation has sought to circumvent statutory recognition in Ireland by putting in place an alternative mechanism for unions to represent members in non-union firms where collective bargaining is not practiced. This review, based on a mixture of empirical and documentary evidence, demonstrates that this legislation was moderately successful for a short period in generating pay rises, improved employment conditions and better access to procedures for union members in non-unionised firms. Indeed, in some respects, it was a superior institutional mechanism to a statutory recognition regime.

On the Individual Optimality of Economic Integration

Ce document est une version antérieure du document "On the Individual Optimality of Economic Integration", nov. 2015 : http://hdl.handle.net/1866/12794

Marcel Pepin, l’homme du contre-pouvoir

Cette recherche sur la pensée de Marcel Pepin présente cet important leader syndical et montre sa contribution comme acteur du système de relations industrielles dans la deuxième moitié du XXe siècle. Inspirée des travaux de Fernand Dumont et de Louis-Marie Tremblay, portant notamment sur les idéologies et la philosophie du syndicalisme québécois, cette recherche permet d’examiner la pensée de Marcel Pepin selon les trois dimensions suivantes : la définition de soi, la définition du milieu et la définition du rapport entre soi et les autres. Une cinquantaine d’indicateurs regroupés à l’intérieur de treize composantes permettent de raffiner cette analyse de contenu. Les documents analysés sont principalement les écrits produits par Marcel Pepin, notamment ses rapports moraux produits alors qu’il préside la CSN, ainsi que les nombreux textes présentés comme conférencier, professeur d’université ou comme président du Mouvement socialiste. Ardent syndicaliste, ses actions visaient une plus grande justice sociale et économique. Homme d’une grande rigueur, il savait lier l’aspect intellectuel de sa pensée à des gestes concrets sur le terrain. Pour lui, le syndicalisme, par le biais de la CSN, était le moyen tout désigné pour apporter de nouvelles idées et des méthodes pour changer le système en place. Appelé à endosser un rôle de leader pendant toute sa carrière, Marcel Pepin a su exercer avec doigté une direction axée sur l’intelligence et le respect afin de créer ce contre-pouvoir essentiel à l’atteinte de ses idéaux. Cette recherche nous permet aussi de voir l’interrelation entre un leader et l’organisation qu’il représente.

On the individual optimality of economic integration

Which countries find it optimal to form an economic union? We emphasize the risk-sharing benefits of economic integration. Consider an endowment world economy model, where international financial markets are incomplete and contracts not enforceable. A union solves both frictions among member countries. We uncover conditions on initial incomes and net foreign assets of potential union members such that forming a union is welfare-improving over standing alone in the world economy. Consistently with evidence on economic integration, unions in our model occur (i) relatively infrequently, and (ii) emerge more likely among homogeneous countries, and (iii) rich countries.

On the individual optimality of economic integration

Ce document est une version mise-à-jour du document "On the individual optimality of economic integration", mars 2011 : http://hdl.handle.net/1866/4829

Dzieje współpracy amerykańskich i polskich związkowców, 1918-1989

Wydział Historyczny

lCT and educational (dis) advantage: families, computers and contemporary social and educational inequalities

Because access to new technologies is unequally distributed, there has been considerable debate about the growing gap between the so-called information-rich and information-poor. Such concerns have led to high-profile information technology policy initiatives in many countries. In Australia, in an attempt to 'redress the balance between the information rich and poor' by providing 'equal access to the World Wide Web' (Virtual Communities, 2002), the Australian Council of Trade Unions, Virtual Communities (a computer/software distributor) and Primus (an Internet provider) in late 1999 formed an alliance to offer relatively inexpensive computer and Internet access to union members in order to make 'technology affordable for all Australians' (Virtual Communities, 2002). In this paper, we examine four families, one of which had long-term Information and Communication Technologies (lCT) access, and three of which took advantage of the Virtual Communities offer to get home computer and Internet access for the first time. We examine their engagement with lCT and suggest that previously disadvantaged family members are not particularly advantaged by their access to lCT.

O mercado de trabalho no Mercosul

Inicialmente abordamos as tentativas de integração latino-americana, identificando as duas épocas distintas da problemática em questão. Faz-se menção a vários autores, abrangendo a segunda metade do século XIX e as primeiras décadas do séculos XX, que também defenderam as idéias de união latino-americana. A importância da criação da Comunidade Econômica Européia, a ALALC, A ALADI e o MERCOSUL como impulsionadores da integração. A institucionalização, os mecanismos para implementação e os processos de negociação do MERCOSUL. Em seguida tratamos da globalização e do mercado de trabalhos; a produção internacionalizada marcante no século XX; as novas tecnologias, a cidadania ativa, a reação sindical em novas bases. No terceiro capítulo abordamos a questão trabalhista no MERCOSUL, enfatizando a necessidade de implantação de princípios assegurando benefícios, tendo em vista a tendência comercialista do MERCOSUL. Concluindo, retomamos a relação entre as Centrais e os governos, destacando, ainda, as organizações internacionais como importantes atores no processo de integração. Constatamos o quanto o MERCOSUL está estimulando discussões sobre as possibilidades de alianças entre os atores sociais.

A influência da sindicalização dos professores no desempenho escolar dos alunos no Brasil no período de 1995 a 2005

O presente trabalho visa analisar a influência da sindicalização dos professores no desempenho escolar dos alunos das 4ª e 8ª séries do ensino fundamental, bem como do 3º ano do ensino médio no Brasil no período de 1995 a 2005, tendo como referencial teórico a literatura estrangeira desenvolvida sobre este tema, principalmente, nos Estados Unidos, pois os estudos no Brasil sobre os efeitos econômicos da sindicalização dos professores sob esta ótica ainda são incipientes, motivo pelo qual acredita-se que este trabalho vem a contribuir para o campo de pesquisa sobre educação. Para realizar tal análise, serão utilizados os microdados do Sistema Nacional de Avaliação da Educação Básica (SAEB) e das Pesquisas Nacionais por Amostra de Domicílios (PNAD), do período de estudo em tela, em modelos econométricos elaborados teoricamente. As evidências empíricas, resultados das estimações das regressões, as quais serão apresentadas no decorrer desta obra, indicam a existência da relação entre sindicalização dos professores e desempenho escolar do alunos, principalmente, para o desempenho escolar dos alunos do ensino fundamental.

Bioenergia e exclusão regional: a não política nacional agroenergética e os girassóis do RN

This doctoral thesis presents an analysis of the production of bicarbonates and related regional development in Brazil. It is widely believed that one of Brazil s vocations lies in the agro-energy sector. However, current national agro-energy policies, together with the experience of Petrobras (the national oil company) in rural settlements in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, show that Brazil has fallen short of effectively including the North and Northeast regions of the country, let alone small-scale rural producers (residing in rural settlements or not), in the development process and related benefits from the country s participation in the current world energy grid. The methodology entails secondary research related to the theme, such as books, official documents, websites and statistical databases from diverse sources, in addition to an analysis of statements from interviews of Petrobras representatives and other important scientific, institutional and labor union authorities, in relation to agro-energy issues and the socio-economic participation of family-based agriculture in this process. Principal findings show a correlation between agro-energy and regional development, creating the potential for numerous opportunities and challenges. Findings demonstrate the possibility of reversing/reducing historically rooted indices of hunger and poverty that continue to devastate the North and Northeast regions. At the same time, the thesis points to a potentially catastrophic increase in regional disparities, should the present historic moment not be seized upon so as to include these regions. Classic examples of non-policy at the federal level are presented as evidence of the absence of a regionally focused agroenergy policy in the current government, reinforced by the experiences of Petrobras in the Rio Grande do Norte rural settlements. Finally, the thesis concludes that there is an urgent need to create a government-sponsored enterprise (with a structure similar to Petrobras) with the purpose of implementing a truly broad and inclusive development process for the bicarbonates production sector, while remaining attentive to Brazil s opportune and critical role in the world s current agro-energy scenario.

Uma aplicação de análise de decisão com o método AHP Processo de hierarquia analítica: um estudo sobre adoção de Sistema eletrônico de cobrança no Transporte público urbano

This thesis carries through an application of Analysis of Multicriterion Decision with use of the method of Analytical Hierarchy Process (AHP) in the problematic one of taking of decision of the adoption of electronic collecting in the system of urban transport in the country, a subject that has been controversial. A modeling of criteria and alternatives is carried through and applied a questionnaire based on method AHP the excellent actors in the system of urban transport - Leading of the Managing Agency Public Municipal theatre of Urban Transports, Controller of Company of Bus, Controller of Labor union, Controller of Union of Companies, Communitarian Leader. The considered alternatives were: the maintenance of the current state with collectors, the implementation of electronic collection without collectors, and the implementation of electronic collection with collectors. The used criteria were: job, impact in the fare, control of the system, easiness of use, information. The study was carried through in the city of Natal, RN, where if the adoption of electronic collection argues and where this implementation in some bus lines between Natal and Parnamirim exists, city that integrates the region of the great Natal. The main results of the method evidence in a dimension, the viability of use of method AHP with questionnaire by means of validation of the judgments with analysis of variance beyond proper the normal mechanisms of analysis of consistency to the method, and in another one, the contribution of the analysis boarding multicriterion to become the judgments more clearly. The main results of the analysis help to show that although to models of criteria and distinct judgments of the actors, the method evidenced that it has inclination the adoption of the electronic collection on the current situation, even so with divergences between the maintenance or not of the collector. The research points to the possibility of accomplishment of the application of the AHP in successive rounds of judgments