Methods of Concentrating Stallion Semen

Removal of excess seminal plasma is sometimes necessary to increase the quality and the longevity of cooled equine semen; moreover, this procedure is an indispensable step aiming to concentrate the sperm cells before freezing equine semen. Typically, the removal of seminal plasma is achieved by centrifugation; however, studies have shown that the force and duration of centrifugation can damage sperm cells and reduce the sperm recovery rate. Recently, new methodologies, such as cushion and filtration, have been described that aim to decrease the mechanical damage of centrifugation to sperm cells. This study aims to compare different methods for concentrating stallion semen.

Desempenho da colhedora de milho Penha CLM-350: parte III - danos mecânicos

Cm vistas a estudar o efeito do sistema de debulhamento na qualidade dos grãos de milho, realizou-se o presente trabalho, onde foram estudados os danos mecânicos sofridos pelos grãos, bem como os danos mecânicos invisíveis, evidenciados pelos testes de germinação. Nos diversos tratamentos estudados, determinou-se a porcentagem de umidade presente nos grãos de milho. Definiu-se a velocidade periférica do debulhador, pelo diâmetro (300 mm) do mesmo e as rotações, para os diversos tratamentos. O delineamento experimental foi de blocos ao acaso com 5 tratamentos e 6 repetições onde foram estudados os valores percentuais de grãos inteiros e quebrados, os teores de umidade correspondentes e os valores de germinação através da análise de variância. Empregou-se o teste F aos níveis de 1% e 5% de probabilidade e o teste Tukey para comparação entre as médias. da análise pode-se concluir que em relação ao teor de umidade dos grãos, os tratamentos não diferiram estatisticamente.

Temporal dynamics of two species of Chaetophoraceae (Chlorophyta) in tropical streams of São Paulo State, Southeastern Brazil

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Efeitos dos danos mecânicos e fisiológicos na colheita e beneficiamento de sementes de soja

The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of mechanical damage and physiological events in harvesting and processing of soybean cv. Mosoy RR 8000. The samples were taken during harvest manual, mechanical harvesting and during processing (receipt, pre-cleaning, cleaning, spiral separator, classification and gravity table). The physiological and physical quality was analized through the purity, germination, vigor (first germination count, seedling dry matter, accelerated aging, electrical conductivity, tetrazolium, mechanical damages and seedling field emergence) tests. The statistical design used was a entirely randomized with nine treatments (9 sampling points) with 4 replications, being the means compared by the Tuckey test at 5% probability. In the purity and seedling field emergence were observed highly significative difference between the sampling process, also this differences were obtained the first germination count, seedling dry weight matter, accelerated aging and electrical conductivity which showed smaller results for the mechanical harvesting when compared with the manual harvesting. The germination was obtained differences at 5% for the manual harvesting in relation to the mechanical harvesting were obtained smaller results, being the main cause of reducing the soybean seed quality, when compared with the manual harvesting.

Correlation of electrical conductivity and other vigor tests with field emergence of soybean seedlings

Seeds from six soybean cultivars (Cristalina, IAC 31-Foscarin, IAC-15, UFV-10, IAC-14 and IAS-5) and from five soybean cultivars (IAC 31-Foscarin, IAC-15, IAC-14, IAS-5 and Iguacu) were evaluated in 1993 and 1994, respectively, in terms of physiological seed quality by the mechanical damage (MD), standard germination (SG), accelerated aging (AA), electrical conductivity (EC), and seedling field emergence (FE) tests. Significant correlations were detected between SG, AA and EC and FE. However, in terms of the cultivar or the year, the degree of association among these parameters can change based on the environmental conditions of each year.

Perdas qualitativas na colheita mecanizada de sementes de soja

The study aimed to assess the physical and physiological characteristics of soybean seeds collected in grain tank and the outlet of the discharge tube of the harvester, depending on the year and the forward speed of the harvester. The experimental design was completely randomized in a factorial 2 x 2 x 2 tested two harvesters of different years, two displacement's speeds and two locations of sample collection, totaling eight treatments with four replications. The harvest of soybean cv. COODETEC 217, was performed with two tangential harvesters, aged three and four years, with 900 rpm rotation of the cylinder, operating at forward speeds of 4 ± 0.5 km h-1 and 7 ± 0.5 km h-1. Seed samples (approximately 3 kg) were withdrawn at the grain tank and the outlet of the discharge tube of the harvester and subjected to determinations of water content in field and laboratory. Subsequently, we evaluated purity, mechanical damage, germination and seed vigor. The younger harvester had a higher percentage of pure seed and lowest percentage of inert material. The increase in forward speed provides the higher the bands percentage and reduction of percentages of pure seed and inert material. The percentage of inert material was higher for seeds collected in the discharge pipe. The speed increase has positively influenced the emergence in sand for the harvester oldest (4 years) and negatively to the harvester youngest (3 years). At lower speeds the youngest harvester higher percentage of germination in sand.

New seminal plasma removal method for freezing stallion semen

Seminal plasma removal, an indispensable step in equine semen cryopreservation, is usually done by centrifugation, but this might cause mechanical damage to sperm. A new method for seminal plasma removal from stallion semen, namely a filter composed of a synthetic hydrophilic membrane (Sperm Filter, BotuPharma, Botucatu, Sao Paulo, Brazil), was recently proposed. The objective of this study was to test the use of the Sperm Filter in the removal of seminal plasma before freezing stallion semen. Ejaculates from 31 stallions were divided into two groups and cryopreserved. In group 1 (G1), seminal plasma was removed with the Sperm Filter, and in group 2 (G2), seminal plasma was removed by centrifugation (600× g for 10 minutes). There were no differences (P < 0.05) between G1 and G2 in sperm kinetic parameters or plasma membrane integrity before or after cryopreservation. However, sperm recovery rate was higher (P < 0.05) for G1 versus G2 (mean ± SD, 89.4 ± 7.4% vs. 80.9 ± 5.5%). Therefore, the Sperm Filter was as efficient as centrifugation in removing seminal plasma from the stallion ejaculate. However, filtering was more practical and had significantly fewer sperm lost than the centrifugation technique. © 2013 Elsevier Inc.

Dano por embebição em sementes de soja em função do teor de água inicial, cultivar e local de produção

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Danos em sementes de milho em função do mecanismo dosador de semeadora-adubadora

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Condicionamento fisiológico, fitorreguladores e qualidade de sementes de milho-doce

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Etapas do beneficiamento na qualidade física e fisiológica de sementes de milho

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Qualidade fisiológica e desempenho agronômico de soja em função do tamanho das sementes

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Estudos bioquímicos na pós-colheita de estrelítzia (Strelitzia reginae Banks ex Aiton)

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Horticultura) - FCA

Influência da temperatura de armazenamento na qualidade das inflorescências de estrelítzia (strelitzia reginae banks ex aiton)

This work was based to study the influence of the storage temperature (cold and room temperature) in the quality of inflorescences strelitzia. The scapes were selected, labeled and there were zero problems concerning mechanical damage, disease and/or plagues. Subsequently this period, the scapes were moved randomly to recipients with water, in which two postharvest trials were conducted. In experiment 1, the flower scapes were placed in buckets with water from public supply and sanitation department and taken to a cold room at temperature of 7.5 degrees C and RH of 90%, for a twelve day period. For the experiment 2, were kept under the same conditions but at room temperature for a period of six days. In both experiments, the visual analysis: color, gloss, stains (by assigning notes), opening and drop florets (count) were evaluated at intervals of four days in cold and every 48 hours at ambient temperature conditions. In both experiments, the visual analysis: color, gloss, stains (by assigning notes), opening and drop florets (count) were evaluated at intervals of four days in cold and every 48 hours at ambient temperature conditions. The sepal is the organ that showed greater loss in coloration. The variable gloss showed the same pattern for the two experiments. Incidences of stains on the inflorescences occurred in patches at room temperature. The scapes increased number of florets open in cold. This tendency did not occur at room temperature. No were observed differences in the fall of florets. Conclude that the storage temperature does not contribute to postharvest quality of strelitzia.

Balanço econômico da operação de semeadura da cultura da soja em diferentes arranjos espaciais

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)