49 resultados para MICOLOGIA
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pythiosis is caused by the oomycetous Pythium insidiosum and affect domestic and wild animals and man. The presence of water and vegetal material is fundamental for its life cycle in nature. The biflagellate zoospore are the infective form of this pathogen. The lesions are generally of granulomatous aspect, which frequently may be contaminated by secondary bacterial infection in skin and subcutaneous tissue. Dissemination to systemic tissues may also occur and it may be due to the spread of the pathogen from cutaneous lesions, as well as a primary source of infection. Clinical signs depend on the affected tissue. Diagnosis of pythiosis is based on the clinical manifestations, histopathological sections and culture of the pathogen. Serological tests may also be employed and more recently molecular biology has been introduced as a sensitive, specific and a rapid method for conclusive diagnosis. Treatment is often difficult and extensive surgery procedures are required, however, depending on the anatomic region and size of the lesion, such procedure is unfeasible and relapses are frequent. Due to the climate changes, which has contributed to increase the incidence of pythiosis, it is necessary the search for new therapeutic protocols
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Cryptococcosis is an opportunistic fungal infection caused by Cryptococcus yeasts, especially C. neoformans and Cryptococcus gattii. The fungus is found in substrates of animal and vegetable origin, and infection occurs through inhalation and seedlings present in the environment. The present study aimed to investigate the existence of microfocus Cryptococcus sp. from the environmental samples of Araçatuba city, São Paulo, featuring new niches, by decoupling the direct relationship between fungus and host in order to minimize the risk of contamination of man and animals, understanding the ecoepidemiology of Cryptococcus. Fifty samples from hollows and tree trunks were harvested (Cassia sp., Ficus sp., Caesalpinea peltophorides) from ten representatives in the urban perimeter. The samples were immediately sent to the Laboratory of Bacteriology and Mycology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine Araçatuba - Unesp where they were processed and plated on Petri dishes containing agar seed Niger and Sabouraud dextrose agar with chloramphenicol, incubated at 30ºC for a period of no less than 5 days. Afterwards they were subimitted to biochemical tests: urease production, thermotolerance at 37°C and quimiotipagem in CGB agar (L- Canavanine-Glycine-Bromothymol blue). The results showed that 17 (34%) cultures were positive for Cryptococcus, 9 (18%) for Cryptococcus gattii and 8 (16%) for Cryptococcus neoformans. Other yeast correlated as Rhodotorula sp. and Candida sp. were isolated. We conclude that the infectious propagules of Cryptococcus are dispersed in nature and constitute an environmental microfocus, not necessarily being bound to a single host.
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Pós-graduação em Biociências e Biotecnologia Aplicadas à Farmácia - FCFAR
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)
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Background: Fungal infections are emerging as an important cause of human disease, especially among hospitalized patients with serious underlying disease and several risk factors. Aims: To evaluate epidemiological and clinical characteristics of patients with nosocomial candidiasis in university hospitals in Cuiaba - MT, Brazil. Methods: A descriptive study of 91 patients admitted to university hospitals in Cuiaba - MT, with clinical and laboratory diagnosis of nosocomial candidiasis, over a 20-month period. Results: A rate for nosocomial infections by Candida spp. of 5 per 1000 admissions, proportional mortality of 14.4% and lethality of 53.8% were determined. The patient age ranged from 29 days to 82 years-old, among which, 74.7% were adults and 25.3% children. The intensive care units contributed with the highest number of cases of infection by Candida spp. (69.2%). The most important underlying disease was gastrointestinal tract disease (11%). Prematurity and low birth weight were the most important risk factors among newborns. The use of antibiotics, invasive procedures, H-2 blockers, multiple blood transfusions and stay length of >= 21 days were the most frequent risk factors among adults. Candida albicans was the most common species in all cases. Conclusions: In this study, C. albicans was the most frequently detected species in candidiasis and risk factors increased the susceptibility of hospitalized patients to acquiring a nosocomial infection by Candida spp. (C) 2011 Revista Iberoamericana de Micologia. Published by Elsevier Espana, S.L. All rights reserved.
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O ciclo de vida de Dictyostelium discoideum é composto de duas fases independentes. Durante o crescimento vegetativo, as amebas crescem isoladas até que a fonte de nutrientes seja esgotada. A carência nutricional induz sua entrada num processo de desenvolvimento, que inclui a parada do crescimento, a agregação das células e a formação de um organismo multicelular onde as células se diferenciam em esporos que sobrevivem as condições desfavoráveis. A proteína quinase YakA é requerida para a transição entre o crescimento e o desenvolvimento. YakA regula os níveis da PKA. Mutantes yakA- apresentam o crescimento acelerado, são deficientes no processo de agregação e são hiper-sensíveis a estresse oxidativo e nitrosoativo. Uma mutação em um segundo sítio em keaA, suprime a morte induzida por SNP (um gerador de óxido nítrico) no mutante yakA-. O papel de keaA foi determinado em resposta a estresse oxidativo, nitrosoativo e carênica nutricional. O gene keaA é necessário para o crescimento e desenvolvimento. Uma mutação em keaA confere resistência a estresse nitrosoativoloxidativo confirmando que uma mutação em keaA confere resistência a estresse. Um segundo supressor da morte induzida por SNP no mutante yakA- foi isolado pela mesma técnica de REMI e identificado como pkaC um regulador da resposta a estresse. YakA e PKA integradam a resposta a vários estresse em Dictyostelium. Os resultados indicam que a yakA regula a parada do ciclo celular em resposta a estresses através da modulação de keaA. keaA regula, por sua vez, a expressão da pkaC, um regulador chave da produção de cAMP e do processo de desenvolvimento. A interação gênica entre estes elementos é complexa e deve ser ajustada para permitir que as células sobrevivam a mudanças ambientais encontradas durante o seu ciclo de vida.
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Issued in 28 parts; no more published.
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O Programa de AEQ em Microbiologia de Areias tem como objetivos: Harmonização de metodologia utilizada para o controlo de qualidade microbiológica de areias de praias e Disponibilização de um ensaio de comparação Interlaboratorial com envio anual de amostras.