O Plano Diretor como instrumento de gestão da cidade: o caso da cidade de Fortaleza/CE

According to article 182 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, cities should perform social function, what brings the concept that the city should be a place for one to live well. For that to happen, it should be well administered by its public managers. However, so that there is a sound administration, one that really performs that social function, there must be, first, an efficient planning. We understand that such a thing occurs when the master plan is the main planning instrument of a city and serves as basis for its administration. We notice, however, that in most of the cities the master plan is formulated as a law that regulates urban planning but that both the population and the government most of the times are not aware of its importance concerning the relevant issues related to municipal administration, such as its relationship with the economy, taxation, the social issue, land use regulation, and, in summary, with all the aspects that constitute and that a municipal government should manage in the best possible way. One also knows that, in general, the attempt of city planning has always been connected to the duration of a mandate and that way public managers many times implement restricted measures aiming to just attain a political-electoral objective and publicizing their administration. That implies actions and works that in some cases have negative impacts or ones that cannot be removed from the cities. This study intends to show that the master plan should be the planning instrument guiding the municipal administration but that, however, what we note is a lack of connection between that instrument and the government guidelines of the municipal managers. In order to study what happens to the cities that have a planning which is not taken into account in its administration, we will use the city of Fortaleza, capital of the State of Ceará as a case study. Historically, in Fortaleza the public managers have seldom decided to administer the city in according to the master plans developed for it. We should emphasize that planning begins in the city quite late and until the current days it is being substituted by temporary measures. Through the analysis of the planning process and of the urban management of the city of Fortaleza, especially the master plans predicted since 1933, we explain that if such plans had been implemented, they could have been important tools for its administration to attain a social function, becoming therefore a place for one to live well

A importância do microcrédito para os empreendedores: um estudo com os grupos solidários de Fortaleza /CE

This study aims to understand the changes in the improvement of economic and social conditions of small entrepreneurs who participate in solidarity groups linked to the Non-Governmental Organization (NGO) "X" in Fortaleza city, Ceará, through the use of productive-guided microcredit. It is come a research in exploratory and descriptive nature, with a quantitative and qualitative approach. Data were collected from the small entrepreneurs by applying a questionnaire, as well as through structured interviews with group leaders. They were worked on issues relating to income generation, employment generation, housing and health conditions, dietary pattern and leisure activities of small entrepreneurs and their families before and after the union to solidarity groups and use of productive-guided microcredit. The research showed that the use of microcredit has interfered with social and economic life of these small entrepreneurs, generating positive effects

Filhos da independência: etnografando os estudantes Bissau-guineenses do PEC-G em Fortaleza-CE e Natal-RN

Notre travail propose de comprendre l`immigration africaine contemporaine du Brésil à travers l'univers des étudiants guinéens participant au Programme Étudiants « Convênio de Graduação » (PEC-G) dans les villes de Fortaleza dans l'Etat Ceará et Natal dans l'Etat de Rio Grande do Norte, en étudiant leurs stratégies de convivialité et d'adaptation. Les étudiants étrangers sélectionnés dans ce programme font leur licence gratuitement dans les Instituts d'Enseignement Supérieur (IES). Pour accéder à ce programme ils doivent répondre à certains critères : montrer qu'ils sont en mesure de payer leurs frais au Brésil, avoir le bac ou un diplôme équivalent et maîtriser la langue portugaise lorsqu'ils sont originaires d'un pays n'appartenant pas à la Communauté de Pays de Langue Portugaise (CPLP). Les étudiants qui participent à des programmes de développement socio-économique contractés entre le Brésil et leurs pays d'origine sont prioritaires. Ces accords les contraignent à rentrer dans leurs pays d'origine et de travailler dans le domaine dans lequel ils ont été diplômés une fois les études terminées. Les étudiants, qui arrivent au Brésil porteurs de leurs identités ethniques guinéennes, entrent en contact avec la société brésilienne et acquièrent ainsi une « identité hybride ». C'est dans ce contexte que ce travail analyse le quotidien des étudiants africaines au Brésil avec un regard porté sur les étudiants de Guinée-Bissau à Fortaleza et à Natal comprendre l'expérience des étudiants qui vivent en terre étrangère. Ainsi, le lieu (Brésil) prend toute sa valeur par rapport au distant (Guinée) autrefois lié par l'histoire coloniale et aujourd'hui lié par des relations internationales ou diplomatiques. Finalement, la construction d'une « nouvelle » identité ethnique, d'une culture guinéenne au Brésil s'opère dans une célébration mobile c'est-à-dire successivement formée et transformée en relation avec les formes à travers lesquelles l'individu est représenté ou interpelé dans les systèmes culturels dans lesquels il est impliqué.

Adequação bioclimática para os espaços urbanos abertos do centro de Fortaleza, CE

This research presents a study investigating the correlation between the environmental-physycal charcateristics of cities and the formation of its micro-climates. The study was conducted in the central area of Fortaleza characterized as a stable and consolidated area, where the city originated and currently faces serious problems in its urban dynamics. The points of measurements were determined by the elaboration and analysis of topography maps, height of buildings, land use, type of surface coating and vegetation, following the methodology of Katzschner (1997). A zoning map was then determined, according to common morphological characteristics of the 12 measurement points, which were based on a set of Romero s (2001) bioclimatic criteria. Air measurements, temperature, humidity, intensity and direction of winds were made in transect form in two different circuits in the study area, with six points of data collection in each area, in three different times: 6:00 am, 1:00pm and 7:00pm, during two periods of the year: August 2008 and March 2009. The results verified the influence of different environmental-physical types in the behavior of the climatic variables that were collected. A verticalização tão condenada em algumas situações se bem equilibrada e controlada pode reduzir as temperaturas do ar através do sombreamento dos espaços urbanos e possibilidade de maior permeabilidade a ventilação natural. The highest average air temperature and lower humidity were recorded at the point I at all times. This situation may have been in result of the high density, poor vegetation and extended paving of the ground. According to the results, it s clear the positive influence vegetation has on easing air temperature. Another indicator observed that areas with a greater variation in building heights tend to present decreased average air temperature. High rise structure, planned in accordance to urban air quality parameters, can reduce air temperatures by the shading of urban spaces and the possibility of greater penetration of natural ventilation

Barracas de Praia, praia de barracas: configuração, tipo e usos na praia do futuro, Fortaleza CE

The purpose of this dissertation is to analyse the importance of the huts of Praia do Futuro to their users and to the city of Fortaleza in Ceará through the comprehension of relations between morphological categories - in urban and edified contexts - of the establishments and their use patterns. This place is one of the main recreation and leisure areas of the city, formed by six kilometres of waterfront, corresponding to a differentiated area through the coast. This space has beach huts with varied profiles: while some more simple huts persist, great complexes are being developed, building even water parks on the beach area. This study analyses relations between:i) spatial configuration (in geometric and mainly topological terms) based on the Social Logic of Space; ii) edified typology (analysing capacity, landscap treatment and program of the huts); and iii) use and environmental perception of the beach by its frequenters. There are consistent relations between the type of hut and their localization in the urban grid, of which were identified groups with different patterns: segregated (north, central and south) and integrated (north: more integrated. and south: less integrated). Such relations also reflect, in varied patterns of use and environmental perception. In spite of their strong economy, the beach huts find themselves in a fragile legal situation because they occupy the beach area, so that this study may come to assist the decision-making for the future of the region. For a sustainable development of the area by those responsible and managers it is necessary to evaluate the cultural importance of the huts at Praia do Futuro, understanding their occupation and uses.

Visitabilidade-vivenciabilidade em assentamentos informais : um estudo da acessibilidade de percursos urbanos no Conjunto Santa Terezinha em Fortaleza-CE

This research approaches the issue of accessibility in informal settlements, seeking for the challenges and limits defined by informal urban settings, about the application of accessibility parameters. Take the empirical universe as the Conjunto Santa Terezinha, located in Fortaleza- Ce. Initially, the study presents a reflection about the housing issue in Brazil and the informal settlementes in view of the Right to the City. In this sense, the main references are, the works of Suzanne Pasternak (2008), Nabil Bonduki (1998) and Erminia Maricato (1996-97), among others. Follows with the discussion of the concepts and classifications of this type of settlement, making a content analysis of legislation and regulations relating to accessibility and proposed the discussion of the accessible route as the right strategy for the city. In another step, the methodology of 'walking together' created by Dischinger (2000) was applied in a passage previously chosen, which the researcher follows the disabled person during the journey through city making records like photos and video. The comments and perceptions are compared to the spatial analysis of urban morphology, made from the method of Del Rio (1990) and Panerai (2006), and the parameters of NBR 9050. Knowledge of the area is enriched by the methodology of the production of space made by Henri Lefebvre in his book 'The production of space' (1974) with these categories: space conceived, perceived and lived. Another key reference of this author it s the book 'The Right to the City' (991), which allowed in-depth reflections on the social function of town. In conclusion, the study finds that to guarantee a minimum access conditions in informal sittlements it´s necessary to know the specifics of their morphology, their relations and urban practices in view of the visitability- experiencebility, describing it as complementary concepts

O Plano Diretor como instrumento de gestão da cidade: o caso da cidade de Fortaleza/CE

According to article 182 of the Brazilian Federal Constitution, cities should perform social function, what brings the concept that the city should be a place for one to live well. For that to happen, it should be well administered by its public managers. However, so that there is a sound administration, one that really performs that social function, there must be, first, an efficient planning. We understand that such a thing occurs when the master plan is the main planning instrument of a city and serves as basis for its administration. We notice, however, that in most of the cities the master plan is formulated as a law that regulates urban planning but that both the population and the government most of the times are not aware of its importance concerning the relevant issues related to municipal administration, such as its relationship with the economy, taxation, the social issue, land use regulation, and, in summary, with all the aspects that constitute and that a municipal government should manage in the best possible way. One also knows that, in general, the attempt of city planning has always been connected to the duration of a mandate and that way public managers many times implement restricted measures aiming to just attain a political-electoral objective and publicizing their administration. That implies actions and works that in some cases have negative impacts or ones that cannot be removed from the cities. This study intends to show that the master plan should be the planning instrument guiding the municipal administration but that, however, what we note is a lack of connection between that instrument and the government guidelines of the municipal managers. In order to study what happens to the cities that have a planning which is not taken into account in its administration, we will use the city of Fortaleza, capital of the State of Ceará as a case study. Historically, in Fortaleza the public managers have seldom decided to administer the city in according to the master plans developed for it. We should emphasize that planning begins in the city quite late and until the current days it is being substituted by temporary measures. Through the analysis of the planning process and of the urban management of the city of Fortaleza, especially the master plans predicted since 1933, we explain that if such plans had been implemented, they could have been important tools for its administration to attain a social function, becoming therefore a place for one to live well

DINÂMICA SOCIOECONÔMICA E A FORMAÇÃO DE TERRITÓRIOS NO CENTRO DE FORTALEZA-CE: O BECO DA POEIRA E A FEIRA DA SÉ

Compreender o fenômeno urbano no Centro de Fortaleza, com ênfase no comércio informal constitui-se objeto de investigação dessa pesquisa. Nos últimos anos, as transformações no mercado de trabalho, ocasionadas pela recessão econômica, pelo desemprego estrutural, tem contribuído para o crescimento do trabalho informal. São mulheres e homens que ao ficarem de fora do trabalho formal buscam extrair da venda de diversos produtos nos centros das cidades uma renda que garanta a sobrevivência de suas famílias. Partindo do pressuposto de que o comércio informal é um fenômeno crescente na capital cearense e que o mesmo tem sido responsável por mudanças na organização espacial da área central, o tema aparece com grande relevância na atualidade. A existência do Comércio Informal proporciona a formação de Territórios no Centro da cidade de Fortaleza. Com um comércio informal relevante e crescente o bairro que compreende o Centro da cidade passou a ser modificado pelos agentes sociais que o freqüentam e que ali trabalham. Mudaram-se as formas e as funções. Outrora esse local servia para uso da elite local e hoje está sendo usado pela população da periferia da capital cearense. Assim, o Centro Tradicional passa a ser freqüentado pela população de menor poder aquisitivo.

DINÂMICA SOCIOECONÔMICA E A FORMAÇÃO DE TERRITÓRIOS NO CENTRO DE FORTALEZA-CE: O BECO DA POEIRA E A FEIRA DA SÉ

Compreender o fenômeno urbano no Centro de Fortaleza, com ênfase no comércio informal constitui-se objeto de investigação dessa pesquisa. Nos últimos anos, as transformações no mercado de trabalho, ocasionadas pela recessão econômica, pelo desemprego estrutural, tem contribuído para o crescimento do trabalho informal. São mulheres e homens que ao ficarem de fora do trabalho formal buscam extrair da venda de diversos produtos nos centros das cidades uma renda que garanta a sobrevivência de suas famílias. Partindo do pressuposto de que o comércio informal é um fenômeno crescente na capital cearense e que o mesmo tem sido responsável por mudanças na organização espacial da área central, o tema aparece com grande relevância na atualidade. A existência do Comércio Informal proporciona a formação de Territórios no Centro da cidade de Fortaleza. Com um comércio informal relevante e crescente o bairro que compreende o Centro da cidade passou a ser modificado pelos agentes sociais que o freqüentam e que ali trabalham. Mudaram-se as formas e as funções. Outrora esse local servia para uso da elite local e hoje está sendo usado pela população da periferia da capital cearense. Assim, o Centro Tradicional passa a ser freqüentado pela população de menor poder aquisitivo.

GEOGRAFIA DA SAÚDE: PRESSUPOSTOS TEÓRICOS E O ESTUDO DA RELAÇÃO DA PRECIPITAÇÃO COM OS CASOS DE DENGUE NO MUNICÍPIO DE EUSÉBIO-CE-BRASIL

Esta pesquisa insere-se dentro do campo de estudo da ciência geográfica denominada Geografia da Saúde, ramo este que tem contribuído para as discussões no âmbito da Geografia. Deste modo, este estudo busca no arcabouço teórico da Geografia da Saúde sua fundamentação para relacionar a precipitação com os casos de dengue no município de Eusébio, que se localiza na Região Metropolitana de Fortaleza-CE/Brasil. A referida cidade é considerada de pequeno porte, com uma população 46.047 habitantes (IBGE, 2010). Contudo, têm crescido em ritmo acelerado e, desta forma, é necessário cuidado com os problemas socioambientais, uma vez que são nas cidades que estes riscos são mais observados. É nesta perspectiva que relaciona-se os casos de dengue no município do Eusébio com a precipitação nos últimos anos, haja vista que o município é um modelo para o Estado do Ceará de controle e combate a dengue. Esta cidade está inserida dentro de uma política cearense de combate a proliferação do Aedes Aegypti - Programa Nacional de Controle da Dengue (PNCD). Neste contexto, verifica-se a relação dos fatores climáticos - precipitação com o acréscimo dos casos de dengue no município. Entretanto, não dissociou-se os aspectos físicos que propiciam a proliferação do mosquito, da questão social, assim, averigua-se também a intervenção das políticas públicas para o controle dos casos de dengue no município.

Comunidade Barra do Bento - Canindé (CE) e as intervenções da Igreja Batista Central e do poder público: transformações socioespaciais e suas representações

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

O consumo e a geração de resíduos sólidos: nas festividades do Santuário de Nossa Senhora de Fátima - Fortaleza/Ceará

Pós-graduação em Geografia - IGCE

Elogio à dispersão: o coletivo mesa e os percursos urbanos como uma experiência estético-política na cidade de Fortaleza

Esta dissertação apresenta uma reflexão sobre os processos que levaram os artistas a atuarem em formações grupais e/ou coletivas e os desdobramentos que essas práticas produziram na arte. A partir de diferentes contextos, o estudo analisa algumas concepções sobre grupo e coletivo e em que medida a arte envolve-se em regras e organizações correlativas as que governam as estruturas de uma sociedade. Analisamos a produção dos artistas nos grupos, uns respondendo à lógica mercantil e outros se organizando em torno das questões sociais e políticas dos seus respectivos contextos a fim de produzir diferentes reflexões e intervenções. Ao pensarmos na cidade como território para essa discussão, analisamos o Coletivo Mesa que utiliza como método de trabalho a lógica da dispersão, assumindo a noção de coletivo como ação, movimento, fluxo de entrada e saída de diferentes saberes e concepções no espaço urbano. Apresentamos o projeto Percursos Urbanos que funciona como uma plataforma volante de investigação e convivência que se estrutura a partir de um ônibus comum, um mediador e passageiros que juntos realizam uma partilha de experiências e saberes, lançando novas descobertas e olhares sobre a cidade de Fortaleza/CE. Buscamos ampliar a partir da pesquisa, a possibilidade de incluir na história da cidade, aspectos que não obedeçam somente o caminho traçado pelos monumentos, mas o exercício da flânerie como experiência estética e o discurso como dispositivo mediático

Estoque de carbono no solo em diferentes sistemas de produção do meloeiro.

2015

Okupar, resistir, insistir : uma etnografia das práticas de ocupação urbana Fortaleza / Ceará

The objective of this dissertation is understand the relationships built between subjects who occupy buildings in a state of abandonment to revitalize them - called okupas, noting which individuals construct such meanings on the practice of occupation and how to organize the construction and maintenance of a collective life project. Having the Okupa Squat Torém, located in the neighborhood of Fatima in the southern city of Fortaleza-CE, as locus and observed through the ethnographic method, followed the social practices of urban segment. I invested in a data collection revealed that the custom of okupas and their domestic habits, inside and outside of okupa, emphasizing the interaction situations, like most appropriate occasions to observe the constant negotiation and refinement of his cunning to intervene in the city . Among the objectives of this research, the main thing is to observe which senses are assigned to the practice of the occupation by okupas. For this, reflecting from the specifics of this urban phenomenon and talking mostly with the tradition of research in the field of anthropology, I tried to address some issues regarding the practice of okupação and organization of the group, which the principles and movements that make these contacts with city etc. The appropriation made by the subjects on the urban space here means understanding them as a cultural expression of a number of collective values, resulting from experience and perception of okupas like themselves. The intention is to show how this practice intervention and collective action has appeared in contemporary times and how my ethnography can contribute to a dialogue on the practices of mobilization and update of the city, considering the Theory of Recognition Axel Honneth (2003) as an analytical category useful to describe the forms of reciprocity experienced by okupas