Intoxicação experimental por Cestrum laevigatum em bubalinos (Bubalus bubalis)

O objetivo deste trabalho foi determinar a toxicidade de Cestrum laevigatum para bubalinos e caracterizar o quadro clínico-patológico da intoxicação. Foram utilizados 4 bubalinos da raça Murrah, divididos em dois grupo. O Grupo 1 (búfalos 1 e 2) recebeu 20g/Kg de folhas dessecadas de Cestrum laevigatum, via oral; enquanto que o Grupo 2 (búfalos 3 e 4) recebeu 40g/Kg de peso vivo. O búfalo 1 (grupo 1), apresentou sinais clínicos discretos, caracterizados por diminuição dos movimentos ruminais e recuperou-se 60 horas após o início dos sinais clínicos. O búfalo 2 (grupo 1) não apresentou sinais clínicos. Os búfalos 3 e 4 (Grupo 2) apresentaram os primeiros sinais clínicos 26h 05min. e 37 h 22 min. após o fim da administração da planta, respectivamente. Os sinais clínicos da intoxicação foram apatia, anorexia, diminuição ou ausência dos movimentos ruminais, sialorreia, dificuldade respiratória, andar cambaleante, dismetria, excitação, agressividade, constipação, com fezes ressecadas contendo muco e sangue, gemidos, focinho seco, sonolência, decúbito lateral, movimentos de pedalagem e morte em 44h11min. (búfalo 3) e 60h 39min (búfalo 4) após a administração da planta. Na necropsia o búfalo 3 revelou superfície capsular e de corte do fígado de coloração marrom/laranja, leve edema da parede da vesícula biliar; endocardio do ventrículo esquerdo com equimoses extensas e endocardio do ventrículo direito com algumas petéquias; mucosas do abomaso levemente avermelhada; conteúdo do abomaso levemente ressequido; intestino grosso com pouco conteúdo levemente ressequido e envolto por muco. No búfalo 4 foi observado superfície capsular e de corte do fígado de coloração alaranjado, com nítido aspecto de noz moscada ; leve edema da parede da vesícula biliar; discreta esplenomegalia; mucosas do abomaso levemente avermelhada; intestino delgado com conteúdo catarral-mucoso; e meninges levemente congestas. Histologicamente, no fígado dos dois animais, observou-se acentuada necrose de coagulação dos hepatócitos nas zonas centro-lobulares e intermediária e vacuolização dos hepatócitos próximos às zonas de necrose.

Foil rolling : a new interpretation of experimental results

This paper explores a new interpretation of experiments on foil rolling. The assumption that the roll remains convex is relaxed so that the strip profile may become concave, or thicken in the roll gap. However, we conjecture that the concave profile is associated with phenomena which occur after the rolls have stopped. We argue that the yield criterion must be satisfied in a nonconventional manner if such a phenomenon is caused plastically. Finite element analysis on an extrusion problem appears to confirm this conjecture.

Experimental studies on comparison of microwave curing and thermal curing of epoxy resins used for alternative mould materials

In this present work attempts have been made to study the glass transition temperature of alternative mould materials by using both microwave heating and conventional oven heating. In this present work three epoxy resins, namely R2512, R2515 and R2516, which are commonly used for making injection moulds have been used in combination with two hardeners H2403 and H2409. The magnetron microwave generator used in this research is operating at a frequency of 2.45 GHz with a hollow rectangular waveguide. In order to distinguish the effects between the microwave and conventional heating, a number of experiments were performed to test their mechanical properties such as tensile and flexural strengths. Additionally, differential scanning calorimeter technique was implemented to measure the glass transition temperature on both microwave and conventional heating. This study provided necessary evidences to establish that microwave heated mould materials resulted with higher glass transition temperature than the conventional heating. Finally, attempts were also made to study the microstructure of microwave-cured materials by using a scanning electron microscope in order to analyze the morphology of cured specimens.

Experimental Infection of Culex Annulirostris, Culex Gelidus, and Aedes Vigilax With a Yellow Fever/Japanese Encephalitis Virus Vaccine Chimera (Chimerivax TM-JE)

Australian mosquitoes from which Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) has been recovered (Culex annulirostris, Culex gelidus, and Aedes vigilax) were assessed for their ability to be infected with the ChimeriVax-JE vaccine, with yellow fever vaccine virus 17D (YF 17D) from which the backbone of ChimeriVax-JE vaccine is derived and with JEV-Nakayama. None of the mosquitoes became infected after being fed orally with 6.1 log(10) plaque-forming units (PFU)/mL of ChimeriVax-JE vaccine, which is greater than the peak viremia in vaccinees (mean peak viremia = 4.8 PFU/mL, range = 0-30 PFU/mL of 0.9 days mean duration, range = 0-11 days). Some members of all three species of mosquito became infected when fed on JEV-Nakayama, but only Ae. vigilax was infected when fed on YF 17D. The results suggest that none of these three species of mosquito are likely to set up secondary cycles of transmission of ChimeriVax-JE in Australia after feeding on a viremic vaccinee.