984 resultados para Ensino de sociologia
Concepções e práticas ambientais : a construção do saber sobre o meio ambiente no ensino fundamental
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Este trabalho tem como objetivo principal estudar o processo de construção do saber ambiental no contexto escolar do ensino fundamental. Trata-se de um estudo realizado em três escolas de Porto Alegre onde buscamos identificar as ações desenvolvidas por professores e alunos no sentido de sensibilizar o contexto escolar para o estudo sobre o meio ambiente. A análise está centrada nos referenciais teóricos sobre a questão ambiental e a construção do conhecimento que buscaram verificar: como ocorre o processo de construção do saber sobre o meio ambiente, com professores e alunos do ensino fundamental de 6a a 8a séries em três escolas de Porto Alegre? As variáveis definidas neste trabalho para identificar as possibilidades e os limites deste processo levam em consideração as características sócio-econômicas de cada escola; o desenvolvimento das ações relacionadas ao tema diante das diretrizes estabelecidas para a educação ambiental; a repercussão ocorrida dentro da comunidade escolar e a participação de órgãos estatais. Os resultados obtidos mostraram o crescimento da preocupação com a problemática ambiental no contexto escolar no sentido de construir novos valores que possibilitem uma visão crítica dos problemas que ocorrem pela transformação da natureza e do meio ambiente pelo homem. Observou-se que as questões envolvendo a preocupação ambiental podem ser percebidas de diferentes formas, conforme as condições de vida de cada um. A repercussão do saber ambiental depende do grau de interesse e das percepções das pessoas quanto a questões ambientais. O tema meio ambiente ainda está desintegrado do currículo formal, porque as atividades de educação ambiental ocorrem no turno inverso ao das aulas. Verificou-se que a construção do saber ambiental ainda é um processo muito recente para que as mudanças necessárias no sistema de ensino sejam mais significativas.
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Este volume buscou condensar e refletir sobre uma experiência pedagógica: a minienquete etnográfica. Iniciada no ensino da disciplina "Sociologia Política" na Faculdade de Direito de Montpellier em 2009, a minienquete foi pensada como um trabalho que unisse ensino e pesquisa, e onde os alunos confrontariam os textos discutidos em sala com a observação direta de uma sessão inteira de qualquer parlamento. Da França ao Brasil e da sociologia política a jurídica, na FGV Direito Rio os alunos vem sendo instados a analisar o que observam diretamente num ambiente judiciário com os textos estudados em sala. Assim este volume começa com um balanço da atividade e se segue com os quatro melhores trabalhos dos alunos franceses, e os doze melhores trabalhos dos alunos brasileiros.
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O livro começa com reflexões de diretores de quatro importantes escolas globais de Direito. Em seguida, professores discutem aspectos teóricos importantes - circulação de ideias, criação de sentidos, expansão da criatividade e postura cosmopolita - e outros compartilham sua experiência sobre possibilidades e limites do ensino jurídico globalizado. Há, ainda, o registro de uma conferência na Harvard Law School para discutir o tema, um ensaio com especulações sobre o futuro e um parecer sobre periódicos jurídicos internacionais. Temos colaboradores de universidades do Brasil, Colômbia, Estados Unidos, Canadá, Africa do Sul e Suíça.
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Diante da importância dos conteúdos de responsabilidade social corporativa para a sociedade e empresas no mundo atual, a pesquisa foi realizada com o intuito de observar mais detalhadamente nos textos oficiais das instituições de ensino superior, as referencias à responsabilidade social corporativa, de acordo com Elkington (1997), e ao ensino oferecido em dez cursos de graduação em administração de empresas na cidade do Rio de Janeiro. O trabalho se baseia na análise de conteúdo de documentos disponibilizados pelos cursos de graduação na rede mundial de computadores, seguido de reflexão por meio de lentes teóricas de matrizes curriculares, aspectos de sociologia das profissões e formação de grade oculta. Conclui-se que há evidências de pouco foco dedicado às questões de RSC nos cursos de graduação, assim como um pequeno percentual de carga horária dedicada exclusivamente ao tema. No entanto, levando em consideração que os currículos podem estar relacionados à manutenção de poder e o apaziguamento de conteúdos emergentes para manutenção de forças hegemônicas, observamos que não podemos averiguar por meio da pesquisa baseada em análise de conteúdo de documentos escritos se o conteúdo relacionado à RSC está sendo ensinado de forma transversal no currículo, deixando aberta a possibilidade de pesquisa adicional para averiguar tal possibilidade.
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Este relatório tem por objectivo relacionar a fundamentação teórica preparada como instrumento de apoio à prática pedagógica supervisionada desenvolvida no ensino das artes visuais, e subdivide-se em duas partes. A primeira parte é constituída pela pesquisa teórica,na qual se procura estabelecer uma relação interdisciplinar entre a prática artística e o uso das tecnologias digitais. Como subtema, optou-se por desenvolver um estudo da aplicação destas ferramentas ao desenho. A segunda parte deste estudo, é composta pelo relatório da prática pedagógica realizada no decorrer do presente ano lectivo, quer pelo grupo de estágio, quer pela estagiária. A estrutura da componente teórica obedece a uma organização que procura de modo abrangente estudar a génese do conceito de Arte Digital, apresentado uma breve análise de conteúdos históricos que narram a sua evolução desde os anos 60 até aos primeiros anos do presente século. Do mesmo modo, são apresentadas, algumas noções inerentes ao estudo da evolução da tecnologia digital. Nos desenvolvimentos expostos são abordadas as noções de imaterialidade, interactividade e reprodutibilidade, como problemáticas actuais, cuja discussão é alvo de divergência de opiniões entre os investigadores desta área, no que concerne à aplicabilidade destes meios às práticas artísticas contemporâneas. No decorrer deste estudo, procurou-se dar vazão a algumas das questões com as quais a estagiária se foi deparando no decorrer desta investigação, como meio para a construção de um entendimento, pessoal, que permitisse articular uma prática pedagógica, cuja execução propiciasse o recurso aos meios digitais, colocando-os ao serviço do desenho quirográfico. No encadeamento desta investigação, e como meio para a sustentabilidade desta investigação, são referidos alguns autores das áreas de filosofia, sociologia e estética, entre outros, que estudam este tipo de questões e que contribuem para um melhor entendimento das razões que justificam a pertinência da interdisciplinaridade entre a filosofia, as ciências e as artes. Na segunda parte deste relatório são descritos os aspectos mais importantes, resultantes da prática pedagógica e que se subdividiu em duas fases: a primeira, que teve lugar na Escola Básica e Secundária Gonçalves Zarco, e a segunda, na Escola Secundária Francisco Franco. Em ambas as situações, a estagiária seleccionou e aplicou nas aulas que orientou, alguns conteúdos abordados na investigação teórica, aquando da preparação de material pedagógico necessário à sua prática docente, com o objectivo de complementar as actividades práticas desenvolvidas com os alunos.
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This paper adopts the assumption that religion continues to be a major highlight in the dimension of the contemporary world - characterized by pluralism, the ideas of tolerance and freedom. But for certain streams of Christianity, the postmodern culture seems to be characterized as a highly damaging to their doctrines and principles, since this religious matrix carries a truth claim that would support all its significance, its definition values and their dissemination effort ( evangelism ). This is not to say that Christianity is the only religion that claims to the truth, which would be a gross mistake. Now, religion has been reputed as a phenomenon doomed to disappear, according to the " ideology " of Modernity, given the idea that scientific development would lead us inevitably to the statement that religion was merely a social institution based in the superstition, in fantasy, the imaginary and therefore had nothing "real " unless its existence as an institution capable of aggregating society (give it cohesion), provide values and meaning to different ontological anxieties and doubts of humankind. In the contemporary scenario - seeded by modernity - as Christian ideas, doctrines and principles are in harmony or conflict with postmodernity? These are our starting questions and issues that we intend to stop and reflect. From the assumption that the religious phenomenon has great force in the present day, this research aims to perform central analysis of how religious education, a Protestant denomination specific, harmonizes or clashes with the ideology or ideas more general and emphatic that we can observe in the western world is presented to us from the diagnoses made by the contemporary authors who debate about postmodernism and postmodernity, notably David Harvey, Jean - François Lyotard, Bauman Zygmunt and Fredric Jameson
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This thesis is the result of an investigation about the transversality of the environmental issues into the daily curriculum of High Schools (from first to eighth grade). The research field was the county of Santo Antonio de Jesus in the state of Bahia, Brazil. The investigation is related with the challenge that the present model of social development and organization has put to the school institution: to bring the regular discussion about Environmental Education (EE) to the school s daily life. Facing the complexity of the socio-environmental issues and the basic functions of Education, the object of study was restricted to the identification of the challenges and paradoxes of the EE inside the curriculum organization of Politic-Pedagogic Project of the schools and the teachers daily practices. About the methodology, we adopted different references for the qualitative research: sociology, history, economy, and education. As for the investigative procedures about the teacher s practices, we related the school s daily practices to the context of the community. We also adopted several investigative procedures, such as questionnaires, interviews, observations and formative intervention. The theoretical basis was organized based on references to curriculum organization, environmental culture, teacher education and also considering the pillars of a capitalistic system that is based on consumerism and that generates social exclusion. At the initial considerations, we contextualized the contemporary environmental issues in an attempt to interpret the conditions of the EE transversality into the school s daily practices, which are still oriented to the traditional Cartesian Education. Based on the collected data, we found the reasons for the teachers dilemma and reluctances to the insertion of the environmental issues into the organization of the work plan and into the management of a school. Nevertheless, the results also signed promising possibilities to the EE tranversality, in case the curriculum of the school could be more sensible towards the cultural and social-economical issues of a community. We especially questioned The National Curriculum Parameter s (PCN), which is considered highly insufficient to inform the teachers about the environmental issues, facing the actual local conditions of social and pedagogic work. The final considerations showed the role and the importance of this research as one strategy to organize the curriculum education into the perspective of the transversality of environmental issues inside the education of both teacher and student
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This study deals with Sociology teacher identity issues. This is done considering daily routines of Sociology grade school teachers in the city of Picos in the state of Piauí-Brazil. Thus, the research aims to acknowledge the manner the inter-relations between the teacher s know-how and the process of construction of the professional identity of these teachers occur. It is seen that the discipline of Sociology in this context brings out processes related to inclusion and exclusion once the subject of Sociology is distinguished as unstable in relation to other disciplines. However, in June 2008, the law included the Sociology as a discipline 11,684 mandatory on all high school series.The theoretical and methodological procedures of this research were based on an ethnographic qualitative nature research and enabled a documental analysis. In order to collect data, a semi-structured questionnaire was applied in collective and individual in four state schools in the city of Picos in Piauí. The analysis of the information was based in content analysis from the proposals made by Bardin (1997), and Franco (2008). The information was then organized in knowledge matrixes that allowed the identification of themes divided into two thematic axes: teacher education: the search for sense making in experience and the exercise of teaching as well as the Sociology grade school teacher s daily routine. The research enables the understanding of the senses the subjects have on their own activity since the work deals with concrete situations and experiences in the scholar context. These senses are considered relevant in order to enable a comprehension of the inter-relations that are established between the know-how and the construction of the identity on behalf of these teachers. Almost all of the interviewed subjects did not have a degree in Social Sciences and came from other backgrounds especially ones related to Education. Sociology teachers investigated almost in its entirety, do not have specific training in the social sciences, becoming teachers of Sociology by lack of school and to complete the work load. But, in spite of the difficulties experienced in the practice of the discipline all are in favour of its inclusion in high school. They have a clear vision, that through the work of the theoretical content of the discipline with the daily life of the students by using teaching strategies that add value to the relationship of knowledge that are prepared in society at large, to Sociology provides a critical analysis of the reality in which they are inserted
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This present research the aim to show to the reader the Geometry non-Euclidean while anomaly indicating the pedagogical implications and then propose a sequence of activities, divided into three blocks which show the relationship of Euclidean geometry with non-Euclidean, taking the Euclidean with respect to analysis of the anomaly in non-Euclidean. PPGECNM is tied to the line of research of History, Philosophy and Sociology of Science in the Teaching of Natural Sciences and Mathematics. Treat so on Euclid of Alexandria, his most famous work The Elements and moreover, emphasize the Fifth Postulate of Euclid, particularly the difficulties (which lasted several centuries) that mathematicians have to understand him. Until the eighteenth century, three mathematicians: Lobachevsky (1793 - 1856), Bolyai (1775 - 1856) and Gauss (1777-1855) was convinced that this axiom was correct and that there was another geometry (anomalous) as consistent as the Euclid, but that did not adapt into their parameters. It is attributed to the emergence of these three non-Euclidean geometry. For the course methodology we started with some bibliographical definitions about anomalies, after we ve featured so that our definition are better understood by the readers and then only deal geometries non-Euclidean (Hyperbolic Geometry, Spherical Geometry and Taxicab Geometry) confronting them with the Euclidean to analyze the anomalies existing in non-Euclidean geometries and observe its importance to the teaching. After this characterization follows the empirical part of the proposal which consisted the application of three blocks of activities in search of pedagogical implications of anomaly. The first on parallel lines, the second on study of triangles and the third on the shortest distance between two points. These blocks offer a work with basic elements of geometry from a historical and investigative study of geometries non-Euclidean while anomaly so the concept is understood along with it s properties without necessarily be linked to the image of the geometric elements and thus expanding or adapting to other references. For example, the block applied on the second day of activities that provides extend the result of the sum of the internal angles of any triangle, to realize that is not always 180° (only when Euclid is a reference that this conclusion can be drawn)
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According to the studies in Applied Linguistics, this thesis is based on an interdisciplinary perspective (Critical Discourse Analysis, Sociology towards Social Change, Cultural Studies and Systemic-Functional Linguistics). The overall objective of the research was to analyze the discourses of Elementary School teachers in the state of Sergipe, by means of the discursive representations of the social actors, the processes of subjectivity and their fragmented identities in the context of standardized evaluations before the requirements of globalized pedagogical practices, based on the result-based management. The critical analysis of such discourses was motivated by the rapid pace with which the demands of innovation become part of the classroom, aiming at reaching the target in what concerns the indexes of the rankings which characterize the globalized discourse of the national education management, like Ideb (Basic Education Development Index), which makes teachers change their discourses, become silent or keep resistant. The work was initially endorsed by the theoretical lines of the Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001, 2006), and poses a proposal for such purpose: the ASCD Discourse Sociological and Communicative Approach (PEDROSA, 2012, 2013). This is an interpretative-qualitative study of the Critical Discourse Analysis (FAIRCLOUGH, 2001, 2003; RAMALHO ; RESENDE, 2011) and to carry it out, semi-structured interviews were used as instruments of data generation (BAUER; GASKELL, 2011; GILL, 2011). Its corpus is composed of thirteen accounts of teachers from the Elementary school who teach Portuguese and work in the fifteen schools which were chosen to be the universe of the research at the Regional Board of Education (02) in the state of Sergipe. Such narratives are related to their impressions, expectations and actions which favor the management of results to which they have to submit themselves. The analytical overview of sociological and discursive line comes from the pan-semiotic categories (Inclusion and Exclusion) which appear in the theory of Representation of Social Actors (VAN LEEUWEN, 1997, 2008). To present the processes of subjectivity of these teachers, this work is based on the socio-analytical proposal of the classification of the subjects, which stems from the individual s work in the Gestão Relacional de Si , which comes from the Applied Sociology (towards) Social Change (BAJOIT, 2006, 2009). The discursive analyses were guided word for word, in their majority, by having the Systemic Functional Grammar as their theoretical basis, specifically by the processes of the Transitivity System postulated by Halliday, (1985); Halliday and Mathiessen, (2004); Eggins (2004); Cunha and Souza (2011). The work makes the field of Cultural Studies emerge towards the dialogue and the presentation of the fragmented identities of the teachers in the context of late modernity (GIDDENS, 2002; HALL, 2011). The thesis promoted a reflection over the teacher s condition, who is immerse in this context of knowledge construction of the present Brazilian educational system, the standardized evaluations, the indexes of development, the targets and the rankings. The considerations and outcomes of such a research dealt with the teachers emerging social practices and the need of planned initial and continuing teacher education towards the new moment which is foreseeable
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Pós-graduação em Educação - IBRC
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR
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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)