Detecção e caracterização molecular de Chlamydophila psittaci e Chlamydophila abortus em aves assintomáticas

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Detecção e identificação dos genes de beta-lactamases blaSHV, blaTEM e blaCTX-M em Klebsiella penumoniae isoladas em um Hospital Terciário do Estado de São Paulo

Pós-graduação em Microbiologia - IBILCE

Detecção e classificação molecular de Chlamydophila psittaci em amostras fecais de aves assintomáticas

Chlamydophila psittaci is a bacterium that causes respiratory or systemic disease in birds and humans. Owing to the risk of transmission from asymptomatic birds to humans, the objective of this study was to detect the presence of Chlamydophila spp. in asymptomatic birds. Four hundred and three fecal samples or cloacal swabs were collected from domestic, wild or exotic birds. The 403 samples were examined by real time PCR specific for the 16S subunit of rRNA gene using SsoFastEvaGreen®SupermixTM (Bio-Rad) and melting curve analysis. Hemi-nested PCR specific for the OMP-A gene, accomplished in real-time PCR positive samples, was followed by sequencing of the amplified fragments to determine the genotype of C. psittaci. Real-time PCR was positive in 17 (4.21%) samples. Hemi-nested PCR revealed positivity in two samples previously positive by real-time PCR. Sequencing of the fragment amplified by hemi-nested PCR allowed for the identification of genotype A of C. psittaci in one sample. The results of this experiment show that the real-time PCR targeting the 16S rRNA gene followed by melting curve analysis can be used for diagnosis of Chlamydophila sp. in fecal samples of asymptomatic birds. The classification of the Chlamydophila species and the genotype of C. psittaci must be accomplished by PCR targeting the ompA gene and sequencing of the amplified fragments.

Detecção dos genes de virulência e identificação do perfil clonal de isolados de Staphylococcus aureus colonizantes de nasofaringe otbtidos em estudo de base populacional

Pós-graduação em Doenças Tropicais - FMB

Detecção de Salmonella Enteritidis em ovos de codornas japonesas submetidas a dietas com diferentes níveis de cálcio e fósforo

The eggs are pointed in several studies as the main cause of human salmonellosis. Have been identified that eggs are eaten raw or poorly processed are mainly responsible for outbreaks of human infection with Salmonella spp. Besides causing problems to public health, the presence of bacteria impedes or hinders the international food trade, as a sanitary barrier. Several factors predisposing to contamination of the internal contents of eggs for Salmonella spp., including the egg shell quality (shell quality), which is related to levels of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) in the diet of quails . The experiment used eggs of Japanese quail under different diets containing two levels of Ca (2.0 and 3.5%) and two levels of available P (0.25 and 0.45%). Eggs of 120 japanese quails were divided into four treatments with three replicates. The experiment was divided into three production stages: initial, intermediate and final. Were assessed at each stage the presence of bacteria in internal and external content of experimentally contaminated eggs during periods of 0, 24, 96 and 168 hours after immersion in broth containing Salmonella Enteriditis. Salmonella Enteriditis was detected in the shell during all periods of storage, in decreasing amounts in all treatments. None of the treatments within the three production stages analyzed, we detected significant amounts of the bacteria inside the egg, in our experimental conditions. Therefore, the levels of Ca and P in the diets of quail do not determine higher or lower risks to public health represented by eggs

Detecção de Histophilus somni (Haemophilus somnus) no sêmen bovino mediante reação em cadeia pela polimerase (PCR)

The present study evaluated the use of PCR for Histophilus somni detection in bovine semen. Semen samples were experimentally infected with H. somni at dilutions ranging from 107 to 101 bacteria/mL and subjected to DNA extraction by the phenol/chloroform method, followed by PCR amplification. The amplification products were analyzed by electrophoresis in 8% acrylamide gel. The oligonucleotide primers used yielded an amplification fragment of 400 base pairs from the bacterial DNA. Positive amplification was obtained even for the 101 bacteria/mL dilution. PCR proved to be an efficient method for the detection of H. somni. The results obtained in this study have brought relevant information for the diagnosis of H. somni, justifying the need for the diagnosis of this bacterium in bulls, especially in semen samples that should be free of contamination. The PCR method has shown to be a useful tool for the quality control of semen produced in artificial insemination centers.

Detecção de Brucella spp. em leite bovino não pasteurizado através da Reação de Cadeia pela Polimerase (PCR)

Brucellosis is a zoonosis caused by bacteria of the genus Brucella. Man infection occurs through contact with reproductive secretions as placenta and its lochia, semen and penile secretion of infected animals or by consuming unpasteurized milk and dairy products. With the objective of investigating the presence of bacteria in milk, 30 samples of raw milk sold illegally in the region of Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, as well as 50 samples of milk delivered to a dairy industry previously to its pasteurization were evaluated by the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. Of the 80 samples analyzed, 10 samples (12.5%) were positive and 70 (87.5%) were negative. Among the  positive samples,  5 (16.6%)  were from  illegal traders  and other  5  (10%) were obtained  from the dairy industry. Brucella spp. positivity shows that the pathogen is representatively present in Botucatu, São Paulo, Brazil, and the risk associated to public health due to the commercialization of illegal products without pasteurization is real.

O Tracoma no Município de Botucatu - Estado de São Paulo: medidas de Detecção, Educação em Saúde, Prevenção e Tratamento

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Detecção molecular de Ehrlichia canis em cães e em órgãos de seus respectivos carrapatos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Detecção molecular de Ehrlichia canis em cães e em órgãos de seus respectivos carrapatos

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Detecção de Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli e fungos em sementes de feijão produzidas no Estado de São Paulo.

Foi pesquisada a presença de Xanthomonas campestris pv. phaseoli e de fungos em sementes certificadas de feijão produzidas pela Secretaria da Agricultura do Estado de São Paulo nas safras da seca e inverno de 1991 e 1993. A bactéria foi detectada através do método de inoculação em planta indicadora de feijoeiro da cultivar CNF 0010. A incidência de fungos foi determinada pelo método do papel de filtro. Quanto a bactéria, foram examinadas amostras de 188 lotes em 1991 e 124 em 1993. Para os fungos foram analisadas amostras de 147 lotes no ano de 1991. Em 1991, a bacteria foi detectada somente nas amostras de Aracatuba (16,7%), Paraguacu Paulista (18,2%) e Sao Jose do Rio Preto (4%) com incidental mínima de (0,5%). No ano de 1993, X. camperstris pv. phaseoli foi encontrada nas amostras de Araçatuba (6,3%), Bauru (20%), Fernandópolis (12,7%), Lucelia (33,3%), Marilia (12,5%), Paraguacu Paulista (50,0%), Presidente Prudente (46,7%), Ribeirao Preto (16,7%), Santo Anastacio (66,7%), Sao José do Rio Preto (40,0%). Em 1991, a bactéria foi detectada em apenas 5,3% das amostras analisadas, ocorrendo em 1993 um aumento da incidência do patogeno, que foi detectado em 30,6% das amostras, provavelmente devido as condicoes climaticas favoraveis ao crestamento bacteriano. Foram encontrados os fungos Colletotrichum lindemuthianum, Rhizoctonia solani, Macrophomina phaseolina, Phaeoisariopsis griseola e Alternaria spp.. As regiões de Aguaí, Aracatuba, Avaré e Lucélia apresentaram maior incidência destes fungos. Entre as 147 amostras analisadas, R. solani foi detectada em Araçatuba em 28,6% das amostras, Bauru (50,0%), Fernadópolis (8,7%), Lucélia (27,0%) e Marília (7,5%) e C. lindemuthianum em Araçatuba (3,3%), Avaré (25,0%) e Lucélia(5,5%). Os demais fungos foram detectados em baixas incidências podendo-se concluir que com relação a presença de fungos, os lotes analisados apresentaram boa qualidade sanitária. Os resultados mostraram que houve alta contaminação das sementes por X. campestris pv. phaseoli em 1993, o que ocorreu aumento do inoculo nas sementes de 1991 para 1993, destacando-se os municípios P. Paulista, S. José da Rio Preto, Santo Anastácio e Presidente Prudente como os que apresentam maior infecção das sementes.

Sensores ópticos com detecção no infravermelho próximo e médio

Optical chemical sensors with detection in the near and mid infrared region are reviewed. Fundamental concepts of infrared spectroscopy and optical chemical sensors are briefly described, before presenting some aspects on optical chemical sensors, such as synthesis of NIR and IR reagents, preparation of new materials as well as application in determinations of species of biological, industrial and environmental importance.

Salto triplo : o sistema de preparaçao do desportista : da detecção a promoção do talento

Universidade Estadual de Campinas . Faculdade de Educação Física

Detecção de contaminação de solo por vinhaça através de análise de dados de eletrorresistividade

The vinasse, awaste produced in the proportion of 13 liters for each liter of alcohol. It has a high potential of polluting groundwater and superficial water resources, changes the soil behaviour and can also develop sanilization problems. This work aims to evaluate the efficiency of the DC-resistivity method in detecting and mapping anomalies caused by inappropriate disposal of vinasse in an inactive infiltration tank located at Sepé-Tiarajú settlement of landless agricultural laborers in the Ribeirão Preto region. Besides, as secondary goals, this work aims to characterize the type of anomaly residue as well as to diagnose its influence inside and outside of the limits of the tank. Eleven electrical resistivity tomography profiles were carried out with the dipole-dipole array, 10m of dipoles length and 5 leveis of investigation The geophysical survey enabled us to conclude that the DC-resistivity method is appropriate for mapping the contamination plume caused by intense vinasse disposal and its influence. It enabled also to conclude that the contamination exceeds the tank limits. The vinasse influence can be characterized by low resistivity values between 10 Ohm.m and 90 Ohm.m and its behavior can be compared with the one of the chorume, which is also conductive.

Detecção de contaminantes em espécie bioindicadora (Corbicula fluminea) - Rio Ribeira de Iguape - SP

The study assessed heavy metal concentrations in the tissue samples of Corbiculafluminea, by ICP-OES. In the tissues, average levels of 23.99 µg/g of Cu, 144.21 µg/g of Zn, 0.71 µg/g of Cd, 7.10 µg/g of Cr and 2.41 µg/g of Pb were detected ahowing that this last value is high and above the ANVISA reference (2.00 µg/g) for fish and other products. The results suggest that natural processes occuring in the Ribeira de Iguape River are not sufficient for purification so that metals remain in the water and can accumulate in the trophic chain.