Experiences of participants in the field of food insecurity through the lens of Bourdieu's cultural capital : practical and theoretical explorations

Ce mémoire utilise des données qualitatives provenant d’entretiens semi-structurés pour examiner les ressources qu’utilisent les individus qui font face à l’insécurité alimentaire sous l’angle du capital culturel de Pierre Bourdieu. Les participants étaient choisis parmi les usagers des organismes alternatifs qui œuvrent en sécurité alimentaire à Montréal. Tous étaient en situation d’insécurité alimentaire. Des analyses inductives et déductives étaient exécutées. Seize indicateurs de la forme du capital culturel incorporée, et trois indicateurs de chacune des formes institutionnalisées et objectivées ont été trouvés à être reliés aux stratégies qu’utilisaient les répondants pour améliorer leur situation alimentaire. Cette recherche nous indique que le capital culturel individuel joue un rôle dans les stratégies utilisées, incluant la participation dans les organismes communautaires. De plus, un manque de capital approprié peut servir comme barrière à la participation dans certaines stratégies ce qui pourra avancer des réflexions sur la justesse et l’efficacité des stratégies actuelles.

Desde la sierra a la capital cultural europea 2002.

Este proyecto se ha realizado en el Colegio Rural Agrupado (CRA) 'Los Cerezos'. Han trabajado 7 profesores en las distintas localidades del CRA: Cepeda, Herguijuela y Sotoserrano. Se plantean los siguientes objetivos: a) tomar conciencia de pertenecer a una provincia y constatar que la capital la misma es la ciudad de Salamanca; b) darse cuenta del significado que tendrá Salamanca en el ámbito europeo en el año 2002; c) conocer Salamanca a distintos niveles: urbanístico, artístico, cultural, histórico, socioeconómico, y otros; d) aprovechar actividades de interés que a lo largo del 2002 haya en Salamanca (según la programación de los organismos competentes) y a las que puedan tener acceso los escolares; e) proporcionarles una herramienta de trabajo como el ordenador, que les pueda ser útil a distintos niveles; f) facilitarles el manejo de software educativo como medio de aprendizaje y de consulta de los distintos aspectos a trabajar; g) acceder a Internet y navegar por las páginas web más interesantes desde el punto de vista educativo, relacionadas con Salamanca y con su capitalidad cultural europea, recabando información y participando en distintas actividades; h) relacionarse con otros colegios a través del correo electrónico. Durante el primer trimestre se ha llevado a cabo un proceso de investigación y conocimiento de Salamanca, principalmente a través de las nuevas tecnologías, bibliografía varia, y prensa. En el tercer y cuarto trimestres, se han hecho 4 visitas a Salamanca, que han partido de un trabajo previo en las aulas y que han dado lugar a un trabajo posterior. Se ha empleado una metodología participativa, creativa, activa y lúdica, favoreciendo el autoaprendizaje e intentando en todo momento que los niños aprendieran de la manera más atractiva. La experiencia ha sido muy interesante para los alumnos.

La lengua materna de los recién llegados : capital cultural valioso.

Resumen tomado de la publicación. - El artículo forma parte de una sección de la revista dedicada a Educación plurilingüe

Competencies in understanding statistical information in primary and secondary school levels : an inter-cultural empirical study in Germany and Colombian students

Resumen en espa??ol, portugu??s y franc??s

‘Doing school’: cross cultural encounters

In this paper, a series of vignettes is used to explore important current challenges in TESOL. These vignettes are drawn from many different settings, including Bengali-, Pahari- and Chinese-speaking children in UK primary schools, speakers of Aboriginal English in Australia and Chinese teachers of English on courses in Higher Education. A number of themes run through these different contexts: What counts as literacy and learning? What are the expectations of the students and, in the case of school children, their parents? How do these differ from those of their teachers? What power issues shape these expectations? In answering these questions, emphasis will be placed on the dangers of ‘othering’ and the importance of syncretic approaches that recognize and build on student experience.

Microeconomic instability and children's human capital accumulation: the effects of idiosyncratic shocks to father's income on child labor, school drop-outs and repetition rates in Brazil

This paper evaluates the long-run effects of economic instability. In particular, we study the impact of idiosyncratic shocks to father’s income on children’s human capital accumulation variables such as school drop-outs, repetition rates and domestic and non-domestic labor. Although, the problem of child labor in Brazil has declined greatly during the last decade, the number of children working is still substantial. The low levels of educational attainment in Brazil are also a main cause for concern. The large rotating panel data set used allows for the estimation of the impacts of changes in occupational and income status of fathers on changes in his child’s time allocation circumstances. The empirical analysis is restricted to families with fathers, mothers and at least one child between 10 and 15 years of age in the main Brazilian metropolitan areas during the 1982-1999 period. We perform logistic regressions controlling for child characteristics (gender, age, if he/she is behind in school for age), parents characteristics (grade attainment and income) and time and location variables. The main variables analyzed are dynamic proxies of impulses and responses, namely: shocks to household head’s income and unemployment status, on the one hand and child’s probability of dropping out of school, of repeating a grade and of start working, on the other. The findings suggest that father’s income has a significant positive correlation with child’s dropping out of school and of repeating a grade. The findings do not suggest a significant relationship between a father’s becoming unemployed and a child entering the non-domestic labor market. However, the results demonstrate a significant positive relationship between a father becoming unemployed and a child beginning to work in domestic labor. There was also a positive correlation between father becoming unemployed and a child dropping out and repeating a grade. Both gender and age were highly significant with boys and older children being more likely to work, drop-out and repeat grades.

Comportamento empreendedor e o capital cultural: impacto do ambiente social nas características do comportamento empreendedor de empresários na cidade do Rio de Janeiro

Este trabalho tem o intuito de observar a relação entre as características do comportamento empreendedor (CCEs) e a origem sociocultural de empreendedores da cidade do Rio de Janeiro. Mais especificamente, este trabalho traz à luz as teorias de David McClelland, adotada pelo Sebrae através da metodologia do programa Empretec e a teoria de Pierre Bourdieu sobre Capital Cultural. O estudo traz em sua metodologia uma análise da origem sociocultural de empreendedores, seu contexto educacional, seu histórico familiar, seu grau de escolaridade, seus hábitos de consumo de produtos culturais e seu nível de internacionalização, correlacionando-os com as 10 CCEs propostas por McClelland: Busca de Oportunidades e Iniciativa, Persistência, Correr Riscos Calculados, Exigência de Qualidade e Eficiência, Comprometimento, Busca de Informações, Estabelecimento de Metas, Planejamento e Monitoramento Sistemáticos, Persuasão e Rede de Contatos, Independência e Autoconfiança. A metodologia aplicada foi baseada em pesquisa bibliográfica, em pesquisa de campo, dividida entre aplicação de questionários presenciais e online e em métodos quantitativos de análise de dados. Como resultados de campo, pode-se observar uma significante diferença entre os perfis socioeconômicos, culturais e educacionais de empreendedores de dentro e de fora de comunidades carentes no Rio de Janeiro. Confirmou-se um grau superior de Capital Cultura nos empreendedores externos às comunidades, observados através da renda, do grau de escolaridade, da escolaridade familiar, do acesso a bens culturais, do consumo de informação e do nível de internacionalização. Além destas constatações, a pesquisa revelou haver indícios que sustentem a existência de influência do Capital Cultural nas seguintes CCEs: Busca de Oportunidade e Iniciativa, Exigência de Qualidade e Eficiência, Correr Riscos Calculados, Estabelecimento de Metas, Persuasão e Redes de Contato e Independência e Autoconfiança.

Indústria cultural e forró eletrônico no Rio Grande do Norte

The present study aimed to understand how and to what extent the electronic forró, currently hegemonic in the music market in the state of Rio Grande do Norte, establishes and maintains relations of domination in the social contexts in which it is produced, transmitted and received. Based, in significant form-content, on the writings of the first generation of theorists of the so-called Frankfurt School (Critical Theory), particularly with Theodor W. Adorno, and systematically using the contributions of the Cultural Studies (from the Centre for Contemporary Cultural Studies of Birmingham) and of the sociology of Pierre Bourdieu, this study aimed to perform, in the fertile intersection of these references, a critical possibility of interpretation of the electronic forró predominantly spread in the state of Rio Grande do Norte. To this end, aiming at a better apprehension of the so-called capital circuits/culture circuits , this study resulted from a qualitative investment of research, based on structured interviews with musicians, entrepreneurs of the sector and music consumers, as well as on the analysis of the themes contained in the official discography of the electronic forró band called Garota Safada (Shameless Girl). As a general empirical conclusion, it was possible to infer that far from the significant presence of domination or mere prevalence of oppositions, there is a relational pluralism of forms of domination and ways of resistances present in the production and consumption of electronic forró, regardless of gender, age, income, education or place of residence. However, the artifices of the cultural industry has been shown to be efficient: from large-scale businessmen to small producers enabled by the so-called open markets . The currentness of the concept of cultural industry is based on the idea that its products are offered systematically (the systematic insistence of everything to everyone) and on the notion that its production primarily meets the administrative criteria of control over the effects on the receiver (capacity of prescription of desires). Thus, the Adornian reflection on the pseudo-individualization leads to the inference that even in some of the most apparent ways of negotiation and/or refusal regarding the consumption of forró, certain behaviors of the cultural industry still prevail both in the very (re)interpretation of the forró and in the choice of other music genres also standardized, rationalized and massified. Therefore, despite the absence of cause-effect relation and the recognition of the popular capacity of re-elaboration and contestation of the media consumption, some world views prevailing in relation to the electronic forró establish or, at least, support some hegemonic ideologies, especially those concerning the life style, consumption and genre relations (fun by all means). Therefore, due the massification of certain songs, some ways of dissemination of values, beliefs and feelings are potentially experienced from the electronic forró. So, it is presumable that in the current advance of the process of semiformation (Halbbildung), the habitus of a part of the youth from the state of Rio Grande do Norte reinforces and is reinforced by the centrality of the trinomial fun, love and sex present in the songs, emphasized in some constructive practices of sense and in certain flows of social significance

Capital cultural e habitus em professores de educação profissional de nível técnico influenciando o ato educativo

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Escola cidadã: questão acerca da educação escolar em tempos de crise estrutural do capital

Pós-graduação em Educação Escolar - FCLAR

Diversidade Cultural: Relatos do Brasil e Argentina

Este artigo relata duas experiências de projetos realizados em escolas de ensino fundamental, cuja temática foi o trabalho com a diversidade cultural, a valorização de outras culturas e reflexões sobre a própria cultura. O trabalho foi realizado em duas escolas: uma no estado de São Paulo, na cidade de Rio Claro, onde a temática trabalhada foi o Hip-Hop e as manifestações culturais locais brasileiras; a segunda, na capital de uma província Argentina, na cidade de Paraná, onde se trabalhou o contato e a relação entre as manifestações culturais do Brasil e da Argentina. O objetivo central desse trabalho foi pensar caminhos que pudessem levar à construção de uma escola que considerasse as diferenças e a aprendizagem que acontece quando estas (as diferenças) estão em relação.

Professoras brasileiras: o imprescindível investimento em aquisição de capital cultural

O ingresso na profissão de professora faz as mulheres ascenderem socialmente, mas não possibilita que adquiram capital cultural, o pilar que sustenta o sucesso da escola. Esta é a conclusão de Eva Poliana Carlindo nesta obra, uma adaptação da tese de mestrado que ela defendeu no programa de pós-graduação da Faculdade de Ciências e Letras da Unesp. O estudo, baseado em conceitos teóricos do sociólogo francês Pierre Bordieu, se deu por meio da análise dos elementos que a autora considera como os mais significativos para se estudar a relação entre formação e atuação docente: experiências sociais e individuais e aquisições acadêmicas e intelectuais. As análises foram feitas a partir das respostas de quatro professoras dos primeiros anos do ensino fundamental de escolas públicas, durante entrevistas nas quais as docentes expõem suas histórias individuais e profissionais, ações e aspirações. Professoras Brasileiras traça um cenário que vem colaborar com as reflexões acerca da complexa tarefa de melhorar a qualidade do ensino básico no Brasil.

Uma proposta de aperfeiçoamento do PNLD como política pública: o livro didático como capital cultural do aluno/família

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Sport techniques in physical education school: a look at the socio-cultural trends

Teaching sports techniques lessons of Physical Education is a very controversial subject. We must emphasize the fact that called our attention, that dealing with sport in a critical way would be the same as being against the teaching of the art. Several factors contributed in shaping this reality, among them we suspect that the proposal's incomprehension made within the socio-cultural trends. Thus, the aim of this work was to investigate the technical aspects of sports in teaching of Physical Education, as socio-cultural trends part. Throughout the text it is possible to identify new goals considering sportive techniques such as the concern with interests of students who movement, consideration of cultural repertoire of these students, in addition to proposing that the lessons do not restrict implementation of these movements, but also includes the knowledge of social, political, economic and cultural universe of sports events.