Étude comparée de la formation initiale des enseignants du primaire au Québec et en Finlande

Depuis les années 1980, la formation des enseignants a fait l’objet de réformes majeures dans la plupart des sociétés développées, souvent en étant directement articulée à un processus de «professionnalisation» (Tardif, Lessard & Gauthier, 1998). La professionnalisation de l’enseignement est aujourd’hui considérée comme un mouvement international (OCDE, 2005). Dans cette recherche de maîtrise, nous analysons la mise en œuvre de la professionnalisation et son articulation à l’organisation des programmes de formation des enseignants du primaire dans deux contextes : Finlande et Québec. L’intérêt d’une comparaison du Québec avec la Finlande découle des enquêtes PISA 2000, 2003, et 2006, qui ont permis de faire reconnaître le système éducatif finlandais comme l’exemple d’un système performant qui combine avec succès la qualité, l’équité et la cohésion sociale (Sahlberg, 2007). Or, parmi les nombreuses raisons présentées pour expliquer ce succès, une des plus importantes serait la formation des enseignants. En Finlande les enseignants réalisent une formation initiale de 5 ans. Mais au Québec les enseignants sont aussi hautement éduqués : ils réalisent une formation universitaire de 4 ans après deux années d’études pré-universitaires. Dans les deux contextes, les enseignants complètent 17 ans de scolarité. Quelles sont les similitudes et les différences entre les programmes de formation des enseignants du primaire en Finlande et au Québec? Comment et en quoi ce processus de professionnalisation, comme tendance internationale, a-t-il marqué les systèmes de formation d’enseignants finlandais et québécois ? Peut-on dégager, à partir de cette comparaison, des éléments d’un système de formation à l’enseignement de meilleure qualité pour le Québec?

El desempeño de Unamsil en el programa DDR durante el proceso de paz en Sierra Leona. Estudio de caso: los niños soldados. 1998-2005

El interés de este Estudio de Caso es investigar la manera en que la Misión de Paz de la ONU en Sierra Leona (UNAMSIL) redireccionó el programa Desarme, Desmovilización y Reintegración (DDR) hacia los niños soldados durante el post-conflicto en el país. Se analiza cómo a través de la coordinación de diferentes Agencias y Organizaciones Internacionales con UNAMSIL, el Gobierno y la Sociedad Civil hace posible que se refuerce el rol de los Interim Care Centers (ICCs) en donde se enfrentaron las necesidades esenciales de los menores excombatientes para lograr un mejor proceso de su desmovilización y reintegración. Se explica de igual forma, las diferentes herramientas que sirven para llevar a cabo la resolución del conflicto y la reconstrucción de la paz, enfocándose en el peacekeeping, peacemaking y peacebuilding, como mecanismos que ayudaron a crear un espacio seguro para los niños exsoldados. Por último, se exponen los alcances y límites de los ICCs con respecto a la reintegración de los menores excombatientes

Determinants of demand for antenatal care in Colombia

Even though antenatal care is universally regarded as important, determinants of demand for antenatal care have not been widely studied. Evidence concerning which and how socioeconomic conditions influence whether a pregnant woman attends or not at least one antenatal consultation or how these factors affect the absences to antenatal consultations is very limited. In order to generate this evidence, a two-stage analysis was performed with data from the Demographic and Health Survey carried out by Profamilia in Colombia during 2005. The first stage was run as a logit model showing the marginal effects on the probability of attending the first visit and an ordinary least squares model was performed for the second stage. It was found that mothers living in the pacific region as well as young mothers seem to have a lower probability of attending the first visit but these factors are not related to the number of absences to antenatal consultation once the first visit has been achieved. The effect of health insurance was surprising because of the differing effects that the health insurers showed. Some familiar and personal conditions such as willingness to have the last children and number of previous children, demonstrated to be important in the determination of demand. The effect of mother’s educational attainment was proved as important whereas the father’s educational achievement was not. This paper provides some elements for policy making in order to increase the demand inducement of antenatal care, as well as stimulating research on demand for specific issues on health.

La educación en las revistas : 1975, septiembre-octubre.

Breve reseña de artículos publicados en las revistas, 'Didascalia', 'Profesiones y Empresas'; ''Comparative Education', 'International Review of Education', 'Facetas', 'Education et Culture', ' L'orientation scolaire et professionnelle', 'Perspectivas', 'Revue française de Science politique`, 'Textes et Documents pour la Classe' en el año 1975, que permite una primera aproximación al contenido del artículo. Con su publicación, se pretende proporcionar una panorámica de la realidad pedagógica/educativa actual desde un punto de vista multidisciplinar. El trabajo está estructurado en bloques temáticos: Educación secundaria; Formación profesional; Enseñanza universitaria; Educación permanente; Educación y empleo; Sociología.

La educación en las revistas : 1973, enero-abril.

Se analiza y comenta una selección de artículos publicados en las revistas nacionales 'Educadores', 'la Educación hoy', 'Revista de Ciencias de la Educación' , 'Cuadernos para el Diálogo', 'Vida Escolar', 'La Escuela en Acción', 'Revista Española de Pedagogía', 'Educadores', y en la revistas extranjeras 'Education et Culture', 'Adult Education',`'L'éducation', 'Revue Française de Pédagogie', 'Comparative Education', 'Paedagogica Europea', 'L'Observateur de l'OCDE', 'Higher Education', 'Comparative Education Review', sobre los temas de educación más actuales. Agrupa las colaboraciones en las secciones: Sistema s educativos; Tecnología e investigación educativa; Personal docente; Enseñanza Universitaria. Se proporcionan los datos necesarios para localizar las fuentes de información.

La educación en las revistas : 1974, mayo-junio.

Se analiza y comenta una selección de artículos publicados en las revistas nacionales 'La Escuela en Acción',' Revista de Ciencias de la Educación', 'Cuadernos para el Diálogo', 'El correo de la Unesco', y revistas extranjeras 'Revue d'économie politique', 'Comparative Education', 'CRE', 'L'observateur de l'OCDE', 'Population', sobre los temas de educación más actuales. Agrupa las colaboraciones en las secciones: Economía de la educación; Educación especial; Educación comparada; Enseñanza superior; Innovaciones; Planificación. Se proporcionan los datos necesarios para localizar las fuentes de información.

Children's lives, children's futures: A study of children starting secondary school

This title presents a fascinating analysis of how children in their first year of high school feel about their schools, its place in their lives and its role in their futures. This highly topical monograph focuses on how children in their first year of high school feel about school, its place in their lives and its role in their futures. The theoretical context of the study is the focus in educational studies on children's voice and children's active role in education, together with the focus in the sociology of childhood on children as active constructors of their lives and childhood as a subject of serious study. The importance of young people's life plans and the alignment between education and ambitions was recognized in the Sloan Foundation study of American teenagers. In many Western societies there is concern that children from less advantaged social backgrounds have limited aspirations, and are disproportionately unlikely to go to university. This book is highly relevant to understanding the nature of children's engagement with education, the choices and constraints they experience and the reasons some young people fail to take advantage of educational opportunities. "Continuum Studies in Educational Research" (CSER) is a major new series in the field of educational research. Written by experts and scholars for experts and scholars, this ground-breaking series focuses on research in the areas of comparative education, history, lifelong learning, philosophy, policy, post-compulsory education, psychology and sociology. Based on cutting edge research and written with lucidity and passion, the CSER series showcases only those books that really matter in education - studies that are major, that will be remembered for having made a difference.

Sustaining linguistic diversity within the global cultural economy: issues of language rights and linguistic possibilities

This paper draws on ethnographic case-study research conducted amongst a group of first and second generation immigrant children in six inner-city schools in London. It focuses on language attitudes and language choice in relation to cultural maintenance, on the one hand, and career aspirations on the other. It seeks to provide insight into some of the experiences and dilemmatic choices encountered and negotiations engaged in by transmigratory groups, how they define cultural capital, and the processes through which new meanings are shaped as part of the process of defining a space within the host society. Underlying this discussion is the assumption that alternative cultural spaces in which multiple identities and possibilities can be articulated already exist in the rich texture of everyday life amongst transmigratory groups. The argument that whilst the acquisition of 'world languages' is a key variable in accumulating cultural capital, the maintenance of linguistic diversity retains potent symbolic power in sustaining cohesive identities is a recurring theme.

Relationship between classroom authority and epistemological beliefs as espoused by primary school mathematics teachers from the very high and very low socio-economic regions in Thailand

This article presents findings of a larger single-country comparative study which set out to better understand primary school teachers’ mathematics education-related beliefs in Thailand. By combining the interview and observation data collected in the initial stage of this study with data gathered from the relevant literature, the 8-belief / 22-item ‘Thai Teachers’ Mathematics Education-related Beliefs’ (TTMEB) Scale was developed. The results of the Mann-Whitney U Test showed that Thai teachers in the two examined socio-economic regions espouse statistically different beliefs concerning the source and stability of mathematical knowledge, as well as classroom authority. Further, these three beliefs are found to be significantly and positively correlated.

Carlos Correa Mascaro e Moysés Brejon: contribuições dos assistentes de cátedra de José Quirino Ribeiro para a administração escolar no Brasil

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

O grupo escolar de São Luiz do Paraitinga: contexto histórico (décadas de 1930 a 1970)

The present work has as its theme the group of St. Louis School of Paraitinga: historical context (the 1930 to 1970). This work has the distinction the subject rarely addressed in academic, school groups in the region of Vale do Paraiba, these schools are not constant theme of research, making this differentiation materials present little used, but extremely important for understanding of education present in the region of Vale do Paraíba. For the realization was made to read the legislation in the period 1930 to 1970, the documentation provided by the Department of Education, reading and analysis of documentation presented, one can understand the historical context of the school group to be targeted by the study: School Group Colonel Domingues de Castro. Objective of this study was to understand how the group of the school of St. Louis was shaping up Paraitinga laws and guidelines in the historical context of the decades from 1930 to 1970, contextualizing historical events general and the specific events of São Luiz do Paraitinga. The methodology used is studies of educational phenomena along with the narrative-biographical study of respondents to this survey