Eficiência do processo de recobrimento de sementes de brócolos recobertas com polímero em leito de jorro

Broccoli seeds were coated in a conical-cylindrical spouted bed with an aqueous suspension of hydroxy ethyl cellulose aiming to improve the seeds coating technique using a fluid-dynamic process. An experimental design was applied to investigate the effects of the operating variables: gas temperature, atomizing air pressure and suspension flow rate on the germination of the seeds and on the process efficiency. Results indicated that the operating variables affect both the coating process efficiency and the germination ability. However, the analysis didn t identify differences between the germination potential of coated and uncoated seeds. Coated seeds absorbed up to 10 percent less moisture than the uncoated ones, when the environment temperature and humidity were controlled over a period of time.

Estimativa de parâmetros biofísicos de plantios de café a partir de imagens orbitais de alta resolução espacial

Remote sensing data are each time more available and can be used to monitor the vegetal development of main agricultural crops, such as the Arabic coffee in Brazil, since that the relationship between spectral and agronomical data be well known. Therefore, this work had the main objective to assess the use of Quickbird satellite images to estimate biophysical parameters of coffee crop. Test area was composed by 25 coffee fields located between the cities of Ribeirão Corrente, Franca and Cristais Paulista (SP), Brazil, and the biophysical parameters used were row and between plants spacing, plant height, LAI, canopy diameter, percentage of vegetation cover, roughness and biomass. Spectral data were the reflectance of four bands of QUICKBIRD and values of four vegetations indexes (NDVI, GVI, SAVI and RVI) based on the same satellite. All these data were analyzed using linear and nonlinear regression methods to generate estimation models of biophysical parameters. The use of regression models based on nonlinear equations was more appropriate to estimate parameters such as the LAI and the percentage of biomass, important to indicate the productivity of coffee crop.

Caracterização morfológica das sementes e plântulas de seis espécies invasoras do gênero Solanum L

Morphological caracterization of the seeds and seedlings of six weed especies of the genus Solanum L. The seeds of the genus Solanum are very similar, however, the association of their external characteristics with the anatomical features, such as hilum shape, the texture and the type of the seed coat sculptures, as well as the curved (circulated or coiled) shape of the embryo, are parameters of great importance in the taxonomical identification at the species level. It is are presented the morphological descriptions of the genus Solanum and a more detailed description of each studied species in terms of seed and seedling structures, including illustrations and taxonomical keys for the identification of Solanum aculeatissimum Jacq., S. americanum Mill., S. ciliatum Lam., S. sisymbriifolium Lam., S. sordidum Sendt. e S. viarum Dunal. There are also indications of the common names, the type of reproduction and dispersion, the crops in which the species is considered as a weed and the agricultural seeds in which it is found as a weed seed.

Dispersão de sementes de Vismia cayennensis (Jacq.) Pers. (Guttiferae) por morcegos na região de Manaus, Amazonas

We studied the feeding behavior of bats and their role in the seed dispersal of Vismia cayennensis in Manaus region, Amazonas State, northern Brazil. The characteristics of the plant and its fruits fit the chiropterocory syndrome. Five species of phyllostomid bats fed on Vismia fruits: Sturnira lilium, Sturnira tildae, Artibeus concolor, Carollia perspicillata and Rhinophylla pumilio. Apparently there is a relationship between flock foraging behavior and fruit availability in early night. The feeding behavior was similar for all bat species, varying with the presentation mode of the fruits. Seed germination tests and the distributional patterns of the plants indicate that bats are the dispersers of V. cayennensis.

Formação das substâncias de reserva durante o desenvolvimento de sementes de urucum (Bixa orellana L. - Bixaceae)

Annatto seeds do not germinate during early stages of their development because of insufficient reserve substances. In situ analysis showed that the principal reserves are proteins and starch, deposited in endosperm cells. During the early stages of development, the starch grains were elliptic, because amylose was the minor component. During development, these grains became more spherical due to an increase in amylose relative to amylopectin. Endosperm cells do not contain protein bodies, but they accumulate proteins dispersed in the cytoplasm. At the final stage of development the proteins became compacted due to the dehydration of the seeds wich is part of the global process of orthodox seeds maturation. Natural fluorescence revealed aromatic amino acids, principally tryptophan and tyrosine in the proteins. The seeds reached their maximum dry weight after moisture contents had declined to around 60%. At this point the seeds presented maximum germination capacity.

Abundância de ramos reprodutivos e produção de sementes em populações de Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. na Ilha de Santa Catarina, Brasil

The variation in the proportion of reproductive branches, fruit, and seed production of Ipomoea pes-caprae (L.) R. Br. (Convolvulaceae) were evaluated at ten beaches on Santa Catarina Island, state of Santa Catarina, Brazil. Three patches per beach of Ipomoea pes-caprae were monitored, involving two reproductive cycles. Ipomoea pes-caprae presented initially an average length of patches of 14 m, with 9.6 branches/m² and 39% of reproductive branches. The proportion of reproductive branches varied between the cycles, but there was not noticed an alternation of reproductive effort between the subsequent cycles. There was a reduction in the percentage of reproductive branches at six localities. In four beaches where Ipomoea pes-caprae populations declined, occurred reduction in the reproductive vigor, and in the seed production, being these declines associated to strong sea erosion. In another hand, in one beach with population increase, there were little reproductive branches due to the occurrence of young stolons. Four patches never maturated fruits, being three of these located at small beaches. The fruit and seed productions in the patches showed values up to 40 fruits/m² and up to 140 seeds/m², respectively. Populations with great seed production were localized in areas adjacent to great coastal plains, which may represent potential seed sources for areas with small seed production in the island.

Fluidodinâmica de sementes de brócolos em leito fluizado e leito de jorro

The spouted and fluidized bed technologies are usually employed in operations of drying, coating and granulation of particles by the chemical and pharmaceutical industries. The use of these techniques in agronomy is limited to the treatment of some species of seeds. In this work, the objective was to analyse the fluid-dynamics of fluidized and spouted beds when broccoli (Brassica oleracea L. var. Italica) seeds are used and also to verify the influence on seed germination after 60 min of seed exposition to spouting or fluidization, at room temperature. The fluid-dynamics was defined by the measurements of the bed pressure drop as a function of the air flow rate for different seeds loads. The experimental conditions were based on the physical properties of the seeds and were limited by the apparatus dimensions. The cone-cylindrical bed was constructed in plexyglass to permit flow visualization. The values of the parameters: maximum pressure drop, minimum spouting flow rate and pressure drop, and stable spout pressure drop were experimentally obtained from the fluid-dynamic analysis and were compared with the values calculated by empirical equations found in the literature. The same procedure was carried out with the fluidized bed and the important parameters for this regime were the air velocity and the bed pressure drop at minimum fluidization. The analysis of seed germination indicated that no damage was caused to the seeds by the spout or fluidization processes.

Massa das sementes de Tecoma stans L. Juss. ex Kunth (Bignoniaceae): efeitos na emergência e desenvolvimento de suas plântulas no sol e na sombra

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effect of Tecoma stans L. Juss. ex Kunth seeds mass on initial emergence, growth and, seedling development under different light conditions. The seeds were separated in four mass classes and sowed in four replicates of 24 seeds for each class, under full sun and canopy shade. Under sun environment was observed a greater percentage of emergence. Heavy seeds presented the greater percentage of emergence under both environments, but a greater rate was observed under canopy shade. One month after the start of experiments, the seedlings at the shade environment presented 100% of mortality. The growth and development seedlings under full sun were noticed for five months. In this period, only in the first three months was possible to observe the effects of Tecoma stans seeds mass on capacity of seedlings to acquire dry mass. The seedlings biomass partitions were similar among the tested mass class. The seedlings of smaller mass tended to a high specific leaf area in relation to the seedlings from large seeds, mainly in the first three months, resulting in a great acquisition of dry mass by these seedlings. In the fourth month, the specific leaf area did not present any tendency. Because the biggest seeds to give rise seedlings with best initial development than smallest seeds can be considered as species reproductive strategy. To produce seeds of different sizes also can be considered as way of species to spread in many microhabitats.

Oficina de metodologia do caf?? com debate na ENAP

O Caf?? com Debate, promovido periodicamente pela ENAP, ?? uma metodologia que possibilita o interc??mbio de ideias entre pares. De maneira informal, os dirigentes e as dirigentes, que atuam predominantemente na administra????o p??blica federal, ouvem experi??ncias nacionais e internacionais sobre um tema de relev??ncia e, em seguida, t??m a oportunidade de debater com o(s) convidado(s) e expor suas d??vidas e posicionamentos

Caf?? com debate: a gest??o de processos na administra????o p??blica federal: import??ncia, avan??os e desafios

A import??ncia, os avan??os e os desafios da gest??o de processos na administra????o p??blica federal foram abordados em mais uma edi????o do Caf?? com Debate, no ??ltimo dia 23 de outubro. O encontro, que reuniu cerca de 120 pessoas de diversos ??rg??os, permitiu a troca de experi??ncias sobre modelos que proporcionam a diminui????o dos tempos de ciclos internos, a melhoria da qualidade e da efici??ncia dos ??rg??os, bem como a redu????o de custos

Caf?? com debate: desafios para a gest??o de pol??ticas p??blicas de direitos humanos

A terceira edi????o de 2012 do Caf?? com Debate, evento promovido periodicamente pela ENAP, foi realizada no dia 14 de agosto de 2012, com o apoio da Secretaria de Direitos Humanos, da Presid??ncia da Rep??blica (SDH/PR), e teve como tema ???Os desafios para a Gest??o de Pol??ticas P??blicas de Direitos Humanos???

Caf?? com debate: como os dados abertos v??o transformar as pr??ticas do governo e gerar oportunidades para a sociedade

A Escola Nacional de Administra????o P??blica realizou o segundo Caf?? com Debate de 2012 no dia 4 de maio. O tema dessa edi????o foi "Como os dados abertos v??o transformar as pr??ticas do governo e gerar oportunidades para a sociedade". Transmitido em tempo real, o evento foi acompanhado por mais de 800 internautas, entre as 08h30 e as 10h30, e reuniu por volta de 300 pessoas - representando aproximadamente 80 institui????es do governo e da sociedade civil - no audit??rio da ENAP

Caf?? com debate: a lei de acesso ?? informa????o no Brasil: um passo para o aprofundamento da democracia e os desafios para sua implementa????o

A Escola Nacional de Administra????o P??blica realizou o primeiro Caf?? com Debate de 2012 no dia 13 de abril. O tema dessa edi????o foi a Lei de Acesso ?? Informa????o no Brasil: Um passo para o aprofundamento da democracia e os desafios para a sua implementa????o. O evento, com transmiss??o on-line, reuniu 214 convidados, das 08h30 ??s 10h30, no audit??rio da Escola

Caf?? com debate: rela????es Brasil x China: neg??cios, mercados, oportunidades

Os slides apresentam informa????es sobre as mudan??as pol??ticas na China, sobre a distribui????o de seu PIB, sua produ????o industrial, as particularidades de suas institui????es e seu sistema de inova????es. Encontram-se tamb??m dados a respeito das trocas comerciais entre a Am??rica Latina e aquele pa??s

Caf?? com debate: o papel da ci??ncia e tecnologia no desenvolvimento brasileiro: dilemas e perspectivas

A ENAP promoveu, no dia 30 de maio de 2005, mais um Caf?? com Debate. Desta vez, o evento contou com a presen??a do Sr. Arthur Oscar Guimar??es, Doutor em Sociologia pela Universidade de Bras??lia, professor e pesquisador do Centro de Desenvolvimento Sustent??vel da UnB, que discorreu sobre o papel da ci??ncia e tecnologia no desenvolvimento nacional e na promo????o da melhoria da qualidade de vida da popula????o