998 resultados para Brasil - Politica e governo - 1990-
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em História - FCHS
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
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Pós-graduação em História - FCHS
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)
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Pós-graduação em Ciências Sociais - FCLAR
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The aim of this study is the labour market at Natal Metropolitan Region with emphasis in occupations and incomes that took place at the nineties. The definition of its chronological boundaries passed by verification of existence of evident socio-spatial impacts for output, occupation and income in national economy, with rebounds in all national territory, conditioned by institutional and socio-economical transformations which marked Brazilian insertion to capital flows and commodities globalization movement that took place at the cited decade. It has been shown that such impacts did not distributed themselves equally between diverse spatial levels (great regions, federate unities, municipalities) because of historical specificities in each place in terms of output structures and organization of distinct social agents. Having as its basis the Marxist perspective, it tackled theoretically occupations and incomes, transformations in labour universe occurred at world level, mainly in most urbanized areas, and following that to focus changes occurred in Brazilian society related to the search for competitive insertion in global economy during the period regarded. Special attention was gave to Natal Metropolitan Region, because it was historically a concentration area for investments, productive structure, people, occupations and incomes generated/appropriated in Rio Grande do Norte State. The basic data sources for research were the demographic Census (micro data) made by the Instituto Brasileiro de Geografia e Estatística (IBGE) intending to present the structure and the labour market dynamics, having as basis: 1) traditional indicators about labour market; 2) sectors of economic activities and 3) social positions and classes segments. One of the purposes is the demonstration that occupations and incomes keep relation with the restructuring which occurred in each specific sector during the period. Other purpose is to make explicit the factors which bear the participation of distinct segments in production or service execution that make possible the different participation in income distribution. Results are revealing the increasin precariousness in labour market, enlargement of occupations in tertiary sector and greater concentration of average incomes in the social segments which were owners of the greatest capital allowances between residents in Natal Metropolitan Region during the nineties
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From the 1980s, with technological development, globalization, and in a context of increasingly urgent demands, there is an international movement to modernize the state structures. Being driven by the victory of conservative governments in Britain and the U.S., this speech reform comes only to Brazil in the 1990s, the government of Fernando Henrique Cardoso. Thus, in view of the recent movement of states to implement this reform agenda in their structures this research was to identify the elements that made it possible to attempt to modernize the administrative structure of the state of Piauí in 2003, in view of the political and administrative career in which the state was entered. Seeking to clarify the problem studied here, through a case study carried out a descriptive and exploratory, using a technique of gathering data to document research and interviews semi-structured. As the lens of analysis for this study used the neo-historical and sociological institutionalism, through which it sought to identify the critical moment in which they gave the Administrative Reform of Piaui, the process of breaking with the political and administrative career that previously had being followed, and the isomorphic mechanisms that enabled this speech reform comes up to this state, mechanisms that allow the homogenization of the organizational field. In general it appears that the search for new patterns and new technologies for management by the states in Brazil is due to the context of fiscal crisis in which the states were entered, forcing them to seek alternative models of management . The process of diffusion of New Public Management agenda for the states became possible, among other factors, due to the new scenario in which was inserted into the Brazilian federal system in the second half of the 1990s, characterized by a greater articulation between the horizontalstates, where through the mechanisms of isomorphic institutional change was made possible by the absorption of the speech states reformer of the 1990s. However, due to the specificities of each region is given the experiences state unevenly. In the case of Piauí Administrative Reform only became possible due to the rearrangement of political forces in the state and the mechanisms of isomorphic institutional change, which allowed, in 2003, the state government to absorb the speech reformer
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Esta pesquisa sobre o perfil da indústria de alimentos no Brasil, no período de 1990 à 1995, observou uma participação superior do grupo de produtos de maior valor agregado, com destaque para os laticínios. Ocorreu também um aumento do consumo de alimentos propiciado pelo aumento da renda real dos trabalhadores após o Plano Real.
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A tese testa hipótese de redução da demanda do agregado monetário M4 real, causada pelas medidas adotadas no início do governo Coilor. Atese estima redução desta demanda, através de uma comparação com M4 real ocorrido e o previsto, caso não tivesse havido Plano Collor I.
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O estudo procura identificar o processo de transferência dos trens urbanos do âmbito da administração federal para os estados e municípios. Busca-se traçar um panorama histórico da evolução dos sistemas de trens no brasil desde a sua gênese até os dias atuais e a diferenciação das características entre a malha ferroviária de transporte de carga e os sistemas metropolitanos de transporte de massa com trens e metrôs. Em seguida o programa de descentralização é descrito tal como foi concebido e como tem se desenvolvido ao longo de seus dez anos e é feita a avaliação de seus resultados. A avaliação é feita através dos relatórios oficiais disponíveis sobre o assunto e de uma pesquisa de opinião entre um grupo de técnicos qualificados. Termina-se com uma exploração sobre os papéis futuros do governo federal na área de transportes urbanos e com as principais conclusões sobre o programa.
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Trata do fenômeno das campanhas eleitorais, formuladas como estratégias mercadológicas, voltadas para o trabalho da imagem dos candidatos, em conformidade com o seus objetivos de atuação, e a capacidade dessa imagem em criar predisposições no eleitorado favoráveis às candidaturas e aos mandatos. Busca construir um quadro teórico de referência, organizando as várias análises existentes sobre o tema, tendo por objetivo compreender a chamada "espetacularização" da política através do marketing político, com a crescente importância da imagem e da mídia. Discute subsidiariamente as disfunções institucionais, a fragilidade organizacional, a falta de coesão interna e o papel marginal dos partidos na constituição de vínculos representativos sólidos na sociedade brasileira