Nonparametric Estimation of Survivor Function in Bivariate Competing Risk Models’

So far, in the bivariate set up, the analysis of lifetime (failure time) data with multiple causes of failure is done by treating each cause of failure separately. with failures from other causes considered as independent censoring. This approach is unrealistic in many situations. For example, in the analysis of mortality data on married couples one would be interested to compare the hazards for the same cause of death as well as to check whether death due to one cause is more important for the partners’ risk of death from other causes. In reliability analysis. one often has systems with more than one component and many systems. subsystems and components have more than one cause of failure. Design of high-reliability systems generally requires that the individual system components have extremely high reliability even after long periods of time. Knowledge of the failure behaviour of a component can lead to savings in its cost of production and maintenance and. in some cases, to the preservation of human life. For the purpose of improving reliability. it is necessary to identify the cause of failure down to the component level. By treating each cause of failure separately with failures from other causes considered as independent censoring, the analysis of lifetime data would be incomplete. Motivated by this. we introduce a new approach for the analysis of bivariate competing risk data using the bivariate vector hazard rate of Johnson and Kotz (1975).

Aproximación al conocimiento científico a través de la investigación en el aula.

Monográfico con título: Educación intercultural

Descomposición y recomposición del partido liberal colombiano a nivel territorial

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La política exterior colombiana de asistencia a connacionales detenidos en México (periodo 2010-2014)

El objetivo del presente estudio de caso es analizar y describir la política pública encargada de brindar asistencia consular a los colombianos detenidos en México. Dicha política implementada en el primer gobierno del presidente Juan Manuel Santos Calderón, ha contribuido a mejorar la situación de los nacionales privados de su libertad fortaleciendo la figura institucional del Ministerio de Relaciones Exteriores a través del Consulado y las herramientas empleadas durante su administración. Sin embargo, mediante la perspectiva teórica de Richard Elmore, se recalca la importancia de la participación de diversos actores dentro del proceso de implementación de la política pública, realizando recomendaciones en busca de mejorar y generar aportes a la política para responder a la realidad social que viven los connacionales detenidos.

Salut mental. 'Salud mental'.

Contiene fichas de trabajo para cada ciclo

Doctors Honoris Causa

En la sisena sessió d’investidura de la seva història, el 14 de desembre de 2010, la Universitat de Girona va incorporar al seu Claustre, com a doctors honoris causa, als senyors Ferran Mir i Joan Roca. Han passat a formar part, doncs, d’una llista de notables entre els quals cal destacar filòsofs com Jerome Bruner i Raimon Pannikar, que va cedir la seva biblioteca personal a la UdG i que malauradament va traspassar aquest mes d’agost; historiadors com el pare Miquel Batllori, Eric Hobsbawn i Robert Brian Tate, mort també recentment i el llegat del qual està dipositat a la nostra Universitat; representants del món de la ciència, com la geòloga Carmina Virgili, l’especialista en biomedicina Joan Rodés, el químic Joan Bertran i l’ictiòleg Fred M. Utter; de les ciències socials, com l’economista Jaume Gil Aluja i com l’advocat Miquel Roca, pare de la Constitució; o cantants il·lustres, com és el cas del tenor Jaume Aragall. Després de la cerimònia d’investidura, Engega ha cregut oportú oferir als lectors una aproximació personal a la figura de Ferran Mir i Joan Roca, a partir d’unes entrevistes que ens permeten accedir als continguts del seu pensament, en el camp de la comptabilitat i la gastronomia, respectivament, i a diferents aspectes de la seva activitat professional

The influence of Fe-rich coatings on the dissolution of anorthite at pH 2.6

Surface coatings are very common on mineral grains in soils but most laboratory dissolution experiments are carried out on pristine, uncoated mineral grains. An experiment designed to unambiguously isolate the effect of surface coatings on mineral dissolution from any influence of solution saturation state is reported. Two aliquots of 53 to 63 mum anorthite feldspar powder were used. One was dissolved in pH 2.6 HCl, the other in pH 2.6 FeCl3 solution, both for similar to6000 h in flow-through reactors. An amorphous Fe-rich, Al-, Ca- and Si-free orange precipitate coated the anorthite dissolved in the FeCl3 solution. BET surface area of the anorthite increased from 0.16 to 1.65 m(2) g(-1) in the HCl experiment and to 3.89 m(2) g(-1) in the FeCl3 experiment. The increase in surface area in the HCl experiment was due to the formation of etch pits on the anorthite grain surface whilst the additional increase in the FeCl3 experiment was due to the micro- and meso-porous nature of the orange precipitate. This precipitate did not inhibit or slow the dissolution of the anorthite. Steady state dissolution rates for the anorthite dissolved in the HCl and FeCl3 were similar to2.5 and 3.2 X 10(-10) mol(feldspar) m(-2) s(-1) respectively. These rates are not significantly different after the cumulative uncertainty of 17% in their value due to uncertainty in the inputs parameters used in their calculation is taken into account. Results from this experiment support previous theoretical and inference-based conclusions that porous coatings should not inhibit mineral dissolution. Copyright (C) 2003 Elsevier Ltd.

Characterization of the layered structure in main chain dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether polymers by simultaneous WAXS/MAXS-SAXS/DSC measurements

The structure and thermal properties of polymers containing dibenzo-18-crown-6 ether units in the main chain linked to an aliphatic spacer of different lengths (C10-C14) is reported. X-ray diffraction patterns of all the studied samples exhibit a peak in the medium angle region, revealing the existence of a lamellar structure. Simultaneous calorimetry and small, medium (SAXS-MAXS) and wide (WAXS) X-ray measurements during cooling and subsequent heating of the samples reveal that a layer phase is formed upon cooling. In the case of the homopolymers, this phase is almost simultaneously accompanied by the appearance of some reflections in the wide angle region as an indication of lateral crystallization. However, by copolymerization, the formation of the layer phase is decoupled from lateral crystallization, being stable in a wide temperature region.

Online dietary intake estimation : reproducibility and validity of the Food4Me food frequency questionnaire against a 4-day weighed food record

Background: Advances in nutritional assessment are continuing to embrace developments in computer technology. The online Food4Me food frequency questionnaire (FFQ) was created as an electronic system for the collection of nutrient intake data. To ensure its accuracy in assessing both nutrient and food group intake, further validation against data obtained using a reliable, but independent, instrument and assessment of its reproducibility are required. Objective: The aim was to assess the reproducibility and validity of the Food4Me FFQ against a 4-day weighed food record (WFR). Methods: Reproducibility of the Food4Me FFQ was assessed using test-retest methodology by asking participants to complete the FFQ on 2 occasions 4 weeks apart. To assess the validity of the Food4Me FFQ against the 4-day WFR, half the participants were also asked to complete a 4-day WFR 1 week after the first administration of the Food4Me FFQ. Level of agreement between nutrient and food group intakes estimated by the repeated Food4Me FFQ and the Food4Me FFQ and 4-day WFR were evaluated using Bland-Altman methodology and classification into quartiles of daily intake. Crude unadjusted correlation coefficients were also calculated for nutrient and food group intakes. Results: In total, 100 people participated in the assessment of reproducibility (mean age 32, SD 12 years), and 49 of these (mean age 27, SD 8 years) also took part in the assessment of validity. Crude unadjusted correlations for repeated Food4Me FFQ ranged from .65 (vitamin D) to .90 (alcohol). The mean cross-classification into “exact agreement plus adjacent” was 92% for both nutrient and food group intakes, and Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement for energy-adjusted macronutrient intakes. Agreement between the Food4Me FFQ and 4-day WFR varied, with crude unadjusted correlations ranging from .23 (vitamin D) to .65 (protein, % total energy) for nutrient intakes and .11 (soups, sauces and miscellaneous foods) to .73 (yogurts) for food group intake. The mean cross-classification into “exact agreement plus adjacent” was 80% and 78% for nutrient and food group intake, respectively. There were no significant differences between energy intakes estimated using the Food4Me FFQ and 4-day WFR, and Bland-Altman plots showed good agreement for both energy and energy-controlled nutrient intakes. Conclusions: The results demonstrate that the online Food4Me FFQ is reproducible for assessing nutrient and food group intake and has moderate agreement with the 4-day WFR for assessing energy and energy-adjusted nutrient intakes. The Food4Me FFQ is a suitable online tool for assessing dietary intake in healthy adults.

"I'm still here. Sort of." : Constructed Identities in Paul Auster's City of Glass

Paul Auster’s City of Glass contains a jumble of identities. In fact, the identities are more numerous than the characters, and consequently, characters have several different identities. Some of these identities are obvious constructs, but with others the degree of construction is less evident. Poststructuralist theory, however, puts forward the idea that these seemingly original identities are in fact constructs to the same level as all others. Thus, this essay argues that there are no original identities; identities are constructed by outer factors. This essay discusses three outer factors contributing to the construction of identities, factors commonly discussed in poststructuralist criticism, these three being language, cultural codes and chance.

Estudo do potencial evocado auditivo de tronco cerebral e do potencial evocado visual em crianças e adolescentes candidatos a transplante hepático

Introdução: Os potenciais evocados auditivos e visuais são propostos como exames úteis no diagnóstico da encefalopatia hepática subclínica. Entretanto não existem estudos demonstrando a sua utilidade na população de pacientes pediátricos. Este estudo foi realizado na tentativa de avaliar diferentes tipos de potenciais na detecção da encefalopatia hepática subclínica na população pediátrica candidata a transplante hepático. Métodos: Realizou-se um estudo de caso controle onde potenciais evocados auditivos e visuais foram realizados em 15 pacientes pediátricos candidatos a transplante hepático que não apresentavam sinais clínicos de encefalopatia hepática. As latências de onda obtidas, nesses exames, foram comparadas com 16 controles saudáveis com faixas etárias similares. Exames laboratoriais de função hepática e eletroencefalograma foram, também, realizados para examinar as suas correlações com os resultados dos potenciais evocados. Resultados: Não foram encontradas diferenças, estatisticamente significativas entre os pacientes e os controles nos potenciais evocados auditivos, porém no potencial evocado visual, os pacientes candidatos a transplante hepático demonstraram latências N1 (N75) significativamente prolongadas quando comparadas com os controles. Não houve atraso significativo nas outras ondas. Por outro lado, latências prolongadas no potencial evocado auditivo tiveram uma correlação positiva com anormalidades no eletroencefalograma, apenas entre crianças com patologia hepática. Tal correlação não foi observada no potencial evocado visual. Conclusões: Os potenciais evocados podem ser usados na detecção de alterações relacionadas à encefalopatia hepática nos pacientes pediátricos, todavia outros estudos são necessários para determinar as suas especificidades e sensibilidades.

A democratização do acesso ao ensino superior: um estudo sobre o Programa Universidade Para Todos (PROUNI) e sobre o sistema de reservas de cotas de vagas étnico-raciais

Brazil is an extremely unequal country and this inequality has been a permanent characteristic of its economic and social structure. Some scholars generally consider that the economic growth has generated extreme conditions of space and social inequalities, which reveal themselves within Brazil¿s regions, states, rural and urban areas, central and peripheral areas and among its ethnic groups. Such conditions negatively affect the quality of life of the population and will be reflected in the reduction of life expectancy, in the increase of the indexes of infant mortality and illiteracy, amongst other aspects. Education is considered one of the ways to promote the development of a country, however, access to education, specially higher education in Brazil, since it was first implemented, had been limited to a small group of privileged people, the elite of society. Thus, it becomes necessary to extend the access of students to higher education and consequently to generate individuals capable of changing the reality of the place where they live in and as a result, to develop the country. The purpose of this research is to analyze two programs destined to the amplify the access to higher education in Brazil, namely, the University for All Program (ProUni) and the System of Quotas, with the objective to verify at which level their drawings and strategies will allow the democratization of the access to higher education and the reduction of regional inequalities. In order to achieve its objective, the study is initiated with the issue of development and inequalities in Brazil, then it goes through the history of higher education in Brazil and it is finished with the analysis of ProUni and the System of Quotas.