848 resultados para 370105 Applied Sociology, Program Evaluation and Social Impact Assessment


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National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Office of Vehicle Safety Research, Washington, D.C.

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"FNS-167."

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Mode of access: Internet.

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This paper reports on how Six Sigma training can be made more effective. The research is empirically based. To date it has engaged with over 100 respondents from 60 different organisations around the world. The questionnaire has been derived from leading refereed sources and expert practitioner experience and addresses both success factor and tools issues from three perspectives: (i) academic, (ii) training, and (iii) practice to help maximise economic and social impact of programmes. This topic is important because the popularity of Six Sigma adoption in organisations has grown dramatically over recent years. This is probably because many accounts of great cost savings and quality improvements have been published by major international companies. However, other companies striving to emulate this success are finding that effective implementation needs experienced and well trained individuals. To date, there have been few such surveys and this work-in-progress benchmarking study provides unique insight.

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This paper presents a model for Fisheries Social Impact Assessment (SIA) that lays the groundwork for development of fisheries-focused, quantitative social assessments with a clear conceptual model. The usefulness of current fisheries SIA’s has been called into question by some as incompatible with approaches taken by fisheries biologists and economists when assessing potential effects of management actions. Our model’s approach is closer to the economists’ and biologists’ assessments and is therefore more useful for Fishery Management Council members. The paper was developed by anthropologists initially brought together in 2004 for an SIA Modeling Workshop by the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA. Opinions and conclusions expressed or implied are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily reflect the views or policy of the National Marine Fisheries Service, NOAA.

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The purpose of this paper is to investigate the reasons of social impacts of projects in developing countries despite of thorough impact assessment in appraisal phase of projects. A case study approach on a sewerage project in Barbados was undertaken using primary and secondary information. The study reveals that although the impact assessment report suggested appropriate mitigation measures, but they were not implemented by the contractors. The study suggests fostering an interconnected and symbiotic relationship between appraisal and implementation phases of a project in order to manage project environment. Additionally, a more vigilant and proactive supervisory role should be instituted and strengthened over time and adapted within the dictates of environmental needs. Copyright © 2005 Inderscience Enterprises Ltd.

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This report investigates why a nationally important and internationally funded infrastructural project within the Caribbean island of Barbados — The South Coast Sewerage Project — spurned a substantial level of negative socio-economic externalities. Primary and secondary research evaluated the presence or effectiveness of social impact assessment as a mitigation tool. The mitigation measures suggested within the appraisal report appear to have been considered by the Project Execution Unit (PEU) of Government of Barbados. The primary obstacle seems to have been the implementation of the mitigation process by the contractor. This highlights the need to foster an interconnected and symbiotic relationship between appraisal and implementation, if an initiative is to be conducted efficiently and effectively. Additionally, the South Coast Sewerage Project exemplifies the importance of establishing and sustaining a monitoring/control mechanism as an integral part of project construction.

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Work performed for the Office of Solid Waste under contract no. 68-01-4381.