Mejora de los datos de entrada en la realización de un mapa de ruido y sus efectos en la incertidumbre

Debido a la existencia de recomendaciones europeas que establecen valores por defecto ante la ausencia de datos en el proceso de realización de un mapa de ruido [1], se ha evaluado la influencia de aplicar dichos valores en un caso concreto como es el mapa estratégico de ruido de Palma de Mallorca. Se compararon los resultados de la simulación tras aplicar dichos valores por defecto con niveles de ruido obtenidos mediante medidas experimentales y se analizaron las desviaciones para determinar la calidad del modelo. Después de obtener un primer resultado de calidad inaceptable, se ha cuantificado la mejora de los resultados tras la utilización de datos de entrada de mayor calidad al modelo acústico. Este análisis demuestra que el uso de datos por defecto, en ausencia de datos de entrada de mayor calidad, genera unos resultados con desviaciones superiores a los 9 dB. Consecuentemente, se obtuvieron nuevos datos de entrada al modelo con mayor calidad, analizando su efecto en la reducción de la incertidumbre del resultado final del mapa de ruido. El proceso de obtención de dichos datos consistió en el desarrollo de una actualización de los datos de tráfico con mayor número de datos de flujo; la implementación de una nueva categorización viaria; y la utilización de técnicas novedosas para la adquisición de composición y velocidad de tráfico

Dissolved organic carbon in sediments of the central Arctic Ocean collected during POLARSTERN cruise ARK-XXVII/3 from August-September 2012

Marine organic matter (OM) sinks from surface waters to the seafloor via the biological pump. Benthic communities, which use this sedimented OM as energy and carbon source, produce dissolved organic matter (DOM) in the process of remineralization, enriching the sediment porewater with fresh DOM compounds. We hypothesized that in the oligotrophic deep Arctic basin the molecular signal of freshly deposited primary produced OM is restricted to the surface sediment pore waters which should differ from bottom water and deeper sediment pore water in DOM composition. This study focused on: 1) the molecular composition of the DOM in sediment pore waters of the deep Eurasian Arctic basins, 2) whether the signal of marine vs. terrigenous DOM is represented by different compounds preserved in the sediment pore waters and 3) whether there is any relation between Arctic Ocean ice cover and DOM composition. Molecular data, obtained via 15 Tesla Fourier transform ion cyclotron resonance mass spectrometer, were correlated with environmental parameters by partial least square analysis. The fresher marine detrital OM signal from surface waters was limited to pore waters from < 5 cm sediment depth. The productive ice margin stations showed higher abundances of peptides, unsaturated aliphatics and saturated fatty acids formulae, indicative of fresh OM/pigments deposition, compared to northernmost stations which had stronger aromatic signals. This study contributes to the understanding of the coupling between the Arctic Ocean productivity and its depositional regime, and how it will be altered in response to sea ice retreat and increasing river runoff.

Mémoire sur la prostitution publique et parallèle complet de la prostitution romaine et de la prostitution contemporaine ... /

Mode of access: Internet.

Kurgan 1, Treasure Pit 2, unexcavated artifact, Phyton with calf protome

Metalwork, Iran, Achaemenid; H: 7 7/8 in.; silver

Ultra small integrated optical fiber sensing system

This paper introduces a revolutionary way to interrogate optical fiber sensors based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and to integrate the necessary driving optoelectronic components with the sensor elements. Low-cost optoelectronic chips are used to interrogate the optical fibers, creating a portable dynamic sensing system as an alternative for the traditionally bulky and expensive fiber sensor interrogation units. The possibility to embed these laser and detector chips is demonstrated resulting in an ultra thin flexible optoelectronic package of only 40 µm, provided with an integrated planar fiber pigtail. The result is a fully embedded flexible sensing system with a thickness of only 1 mm, based on a single Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL), fiber sensor and photodetector chip. Temperature, strain and electrodynamic shaking tests have been performed on our system, not limited to static read-out measurements but dynamically reconstructing full spectral information datasets.

Ultra small integrated optical fiber sensing system

This paper introduces a revolutionary way to interrogate optical fiber sensors based on fiber Bragg gratings (FBGs) and to integrate the necessary driving optoelectronic components with the sensor elements. Low-cost optoelectronic chips are used to interrogate the optical fibers, creating a portable dynamic sensing system as an alternative for the traditionally bulky and expensive fiber sensor interrogation units. The possibility to embed these laser and detector chips is demonstrated resulting in an ultra thin flexible optoelectronic package of only 40 µm, provided with an integrated planar fiber pigtail. The result is a fully embedded flexible sensing system with a thickness of only 1 mm, based on a single Vertical-Cavity Surface-Emitting Laser (VCSEL), fiber sensor and photodetector chip. Temperature, strain and electrodynamic shaking tests have been performed on our system, not limited to static read-out measurements but dynamically reconstructing full spectral information datasets.

A probabilistic approach to assess hydrate formation and design preventive measures

Formation of hydrates is one of the major flow assurance problems faced by the oil and gas industry. Hydrates tend to form in natural gas pipelines with the presence of water and favorable temperature and pressure conditions, generally low temperatures and corresponding high pressures. Agglomeration of hydrates can result in blockage of flowlines and equipment, which can be time consuming to remove in subsea equipment and cause safety issues. Natural gas pipelines are more susceptible to burst and explosion owing to hydrate plugging. Therefore, a rigorous risk-assessment related to hydrate formation is required, which assists in preventing hydrate blockage and ensuring equipment integrity. This thesis presents a novel methodology to assess the probability of hydrate formation and presents a risk-based approach to determine the parameters of winterization schemes to avoid hydrate formation in natural gas pipelines operating in Arctic conditions. It also presents a lab-scale multiphase flow loop to study the effects of geometric and hydrodynamic parameters on hydrate formation and discusses the effects of geometric and hydrodynamic parameters on multiphase development length of a pipeline. Therefore, this study substantially contributes to the assessment of probability of hydrate formation and the decision making process of winterization strategies to prevent hydrate formation in Arctic conditions.

Colorado's Piceance Basin: Variation in the local public finance effects of oil and gas development

A large increase in natural gas production occurred in western Colorado’s Piceance basin in the mid- to late-2000s, generating a surge in population, economic activity, and heavy truck traffic in this rural region. We describe the fiscal effects related to this development for two county governments: Garfield and Rio Blanco, and two city governments: Grand Junction and Rifle. Counties maintain rural road networks in Colorado, and Garfield County’s ability to fashion agreements with operators to repair roads damaged during operations helped prevent the types of large new costs seen in Rio Blanco County, a neighboring county with less government capacity and where such agreements were not made. Rifle and Grand Junction experienced substantial oil- and gas-driven population growth, with greater challenges in the smaller, more isolated, and less economically diverse city of Rifle. Lessons from this case study include the value of crafting road maintenance agreements, fiscal risks for small and geographically isolated communities experiencing rapid population growth, challenges associated with limited infrastructure, and the desirability of flexibility in the allocation of oil- and gas-related revenue.

Hortas urbanas

Dissertação para obtenção do grau de Mestre em Arquitectura com especialização em Urbanismo, apresentada na Universidade de Lisboa - Faculdade de Arquitetura.

Análisis comparativo del uso de STMs en a códigos de reducción irregulares

La memoria transaccional (TM) constituye un paradigma de concurrencia optimista en arquitecturas multinúcleo que puede ser de utilidad en la explotación de paralelismo en aplicaciones irregulares, en las que la información sobre las dependencias de datos no está disponible hasta la ejecución. Este trabajo presenta y discute cómo aprovechar las características de un sistema STM (software transactio- nal memory) en patrones de computación que involucren operaciones de reducción, ligadas frecuentemente a aplicaciones irregulares. Con el fin de comparar el uso de enfoques STM en esta clase de patrones con otras soluciones más clásicas, se ha implementa do como prueba de concepto un sistema STM, que denominaremos ReduxSTM, que combina dos ideas: una consolidación (commit) ordenada de las transacciones, que asegura una equivalencia con la ejecución secuencial del código; y una extensión del mecanismo de privatización subyacente al sistema STM que contempla las operaciones de reducción.