Disko-balaztaren fabrikazio prozesuaren deskribapena eta mekanizaziorako CAM bidezko programazioa

[EU]Lan honetan auto baten disko-balaztaren fabrikazio prozesua deskribatzen da, mekanizazio prozesuaren CAM bidezko programazioan sakonduz. Disko-balaztaren fabrikazioarekin hasi aurretik, informazio osagarri bezala, honek historian zehar izan duen garapena eta piezaren deskribapen zein funtzionamenduaren azalpena ematen dira. Jarraian, disko-balaztaren fabrikazioaren alderdi ezberdinak azaltzen dira, prozesu honek aurkezten dituen aukera desberdinak adieraziz. Azkenik, CAM bidezko programazioaren funtzionamendua erakusten da disko-balaztaren mekanizazio prozesurako aplikatuta.

Desarrollo de una solución CAD/CAM para la fabricación automatizada de brocas.

[ES]Este proyecto se basa en la idea de llevar a cabo un código CAM de un diseño anterior (CAD). El modelo CAD consiste en una broca, que está diseñado específicamente para perforar materiales apilados, como el titanio y fibra de carbono que son ampliamente utilizados por la industria de la aviación en la actualidad. Para lograr este objetivo se sería necesario contar con los recursos adecuados, licencias de software, soporte de fábrica y por supuesto el conocimiento de la materia. Este texto tiene como objetivo la ceración del código CAM, así como demostrar la rentabilidad de este método de mecanizado alternativo.

Bizikletako aurreko abatzaren mekanizaziorako cam bidezko programazioa

[EU]Lan honek bizikletako aurreko gurpileko abatz baten CAM edo CNC programazioa egitean datza, honen bidez erremintaren ibilbidea deskribatuz piezaren CAD eredutik abiatuz. Hasteko, zenbakizko kontrolak izan duen eboluzioa eta garrantzia azaltzen da. Ondoren, abatzaren funtzionamenduaren deskribapena egin da, bere osagaiak eta izan behar dituen ezaugarriak aztertuz. Gainera, fabrikazio prozesu ezberdinen analisia egin da, bakoitzaren abantaila eta desabantailak azpimarratuz. Azkenik, zenbakizko kontrolaren inguruan bereganatutako ezagutzak aplikatu dira CAM programa batean abatz baten mekanizazioa programatuz. Honez gain, erabilitako CAM programaren erabilera azaltzen da.

Effects of maternal age and size on embryonic energy reserves, developmental timing, and fecundity in quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger)

Maternal effects on the quality of progeny can have direct impacts on population productivity. Rockfish are viviparous and the oil globule size of larvae at parturition has been shown to have direct effects on time until starvation and growth rate. We sampled embryos and preparturition larvae opportunistically from 89 gravid quillback rockfish (Sebastes maliger) in Southeast Alaska. Because the developmental stage and sampling period were correlated with oil globule size, they were treated as covariates in an analysis of maternal age, length, and weight effects on oil globule size. Maternal factors were related to developmental timing for almost all sampling periods, indicating that older, longer, and heavier females develop embryos earlier than younger, shorter, or lighter ones. Oil globule diameter and maternal length and weight were statistically linked, but the relationships may not be biologically significant. Weight-specific fecundity did not increase with maternal size or age, suggesting that reproductive output does not increase more quickly as fish age and grow. Age or size truncation of a rockfish population, in which timing of parturition is related to age and size, could result in a shorter parturition season. This shortening of the parturition season could make the population vulnerable to fluctuating environmental conditions.

Diel and seasonal timing of sound production by black drum (Pogonias cromis)

Acoustic recorders were used to document black drum (Pogonias cromis) sound production during their spawning season in southwest Florida. Diel patterns of sound production were similar to those of other sciaenid fishes and demonstrated increased sound levels from the late afternoon to early evening—a period that lasted up to 12 hours during peak season. Peak sound production occurred from January through March when water temperatures were between 18° and 22°C. Seasonal trends in sound production matched patterns of black drum reproductive readiness and spawning reported previously for populations in the Gulf of Mexico. Total acoustic energy of nightly chorus events was estimated by integration of the sound pressure amplitude with duration above a threshold based on daytime background levels. Maximum chorus sound level was highly correlated with total acoustic energy and was used to quantitatively represent nightly black drum sound production. This study gives evidence that long-term passive acoustic recordings can provide information on the timing and location of black drum reproductive behavior that is similar to that provided by traditional, more costly methods. The methods and results have broad application for the study of many other fish species, including commercially and recreationally valuable reef fishes that produce sound in association with reproductive behav