Main food sources of carotenoids, according to the purpose and degree of processing, for beneficiaries of the 'Bolsa Família' in Brazil

The intake of carotenoids is associated with antioxidant properties and some of these substances have activity of pro-vitamin A. This study aimed to estimate the intake of carotenoids (average values) by the Brazilian population focusing on beneficiaries of the 'Bolsa Família' Program and identify the dietary sources, according to the purpose and degree of processing and the inclusion of food additives. The database used is the personal food consumption module of the Household Budget Survey of 2008-2009, conducted by the Brazilian Institute of Geography and Statistics. The content of carotenoids in foods was obtained primarily from a National data source. Food products were classified into three categories: 1) fresh and minimally processed foods; 2) processed foods (containing food additives, except for flavoring and coloring agents); and 3) highly processed foods (containing flavoring and coloring agents). Insufficient intakes were identified for the conditional cash transfer program beneficiaries (3,547.1 µg). Fresh and minimally processed foods supplied between 48.6% (for girls) and 65.7% (for male adults) of pro-vitamin carotenoids. Processed foods were sources of between 55.5% and 57.0% of lutein + zeaxanthin for elderly and between 58.0% and 67.8% of lycopene for adults. Highly processed foods contributed to less than 5.0% of total carotenoids.

Dificuldades vivenciadas pela família e pela criança/adolescente com doença renal crônica

INTRODUÇÃO: Este artigo enfoca um dos objetivos de um estudo mais amplo sobre a realização de diálise peritoneal (DP) em crianças e adolescentes no domicílio. Descreve e discute os relatos dos cuidadores sobre as reações e dificuldades vivenciadas pela família e pela criança/adolescente com doença renal crônica (DRC) para a realização da DP. MÉTODO: Realizou-se no período de março de 2004 a maio de 2006 estudo descritivo constituído de um universo de 30 crianças e adolescentes portadores de DRC, assistidos pelo HC/UFMG, abordando questões relativas às dificuldades dos cuidadores quanto à aplicação da técnica de DP e as queixas das crianças/adolescentes quanto à DP por meio de entrevista, acompanhamento de consulta de rotina e visita domiciliar. RESULTADOS: As principais queixas foram: limitações que a diálise traz para a vida do paciente e do cuidador e aquelas relativas à diálise peritoneal em si. CONCLUSÃO: O conhecimento da realidade vivenciada pela criança/adolescente com DRC e pela família pode subsidiar ações e medidas a fim de melhorar a qualidade de vida dos envolvidos e contribuir para o sucesso da técnica dialítica.

New ways to do business plans in multicultural organizations

Business plans are made when establishing new company or when organizations launch new product or services. In this Master Thesis was examined the elements are included in the business plan and emphasized. Business plan is a wide document and can also contain company specific information, the literature review was restricted into three areas which were investigated from the relating literature and articles. The selected areas were Market Segmentation and Targeting, Competitive Environment, and Market Positioning and Strategy. The different business plan models were investigated by interviewing companies who operates in a different industry sectors from each other’s. The models were compared to each other and to the findings from literature. Based on interview results and literature findings, the business plan for fibre based packaging. The created business plan contains three selected areas. It was found that the selected business plan elements can be found from the interviewed companies’ business plans. The market segmentation was done by comparing the market share to known total market size. When analyzing the competitive environment, there was no one selected model in use. The tools to evaluate competitive environment was selected parts from both SWOT analysis and Porter’s five forces model in applicable part. Based on interview results, it can be state that the company or organization should find and built its own model for business plans. In order to receive the benefits for future planning, the company should use the same model for long time.

Prevalência de doença renal crônica em adultos atendidos na Estratégia de Saúde da Família

Resumo Introdução: Doença renal crônica (DRC) é um importante problema de saúde pública que, no Brasil, tem como principais etiologias a hipertensão arterial (HA) e odiabetes mellitus (DM). O diagnóstico precoce possibilita a implementação de medidas preventivas que retardam ou mesmo interrompem a progressão para os estágios mais avançados da DRC. Objetivo: Identificar a prevalência e os fatores associados à DRC entre adultos atendidos pela Estratégia de Saúde da Família (ESF). Métodos: Estudo transversal com delineamento epidemiológico, descritivo e observacional, realizado com 511 adultos maiores de 20 anos, atendidos na ESF em região de Goiânia, GO. Definiu-se DRC como TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 e/ou albuminúria ≥ 30 mg/g. A taxa de filtração glomerular (TFG) foi estimada pela equação de Cockcroft-Gault e a albuminúria por meio da razão entre albumina e creatinina urinária em amostra de urina. Constituíram variáveis independentes: idade, sexo, pressão arterial, uso de álcool, DM, tabagismo e sobrepeso/obesidade. Resultados: A prevalência de DRC foi 32,53%, enquanto TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 ocorreu em 10,64% e albuminúria em 25,29% da amostra. A análise identificou associação significativa entre idade ≥ 60 anos e TFG < 60 mL/min/1,73 m2 (p < 0,001). Quanto à albuminúria ≥ 30 mg/g, encontrou-se associação com sexo masculino (p = 0,043), DM (p = 0,002) e consumo de álcool (p = 0,035). Conclusão: Observou-se alta prevalência de DRC nos estágio iniciais na ESF, sendo os fatores associados à doença idade ≥ 60 anos, sexo masculino, DM e consumo de álcool. Logo, sugere-se a realização de triagem e monitoramento para DRC em adultos atendidos na ESF.

Multicultural Belonging. Individuals across cultures, languages and places

The article-based doctoral dissertation deals with adult individuals in Western societies who were born into multilingual and multicultural families and have parents of different nationalities. The study’s participants grew up outside their parents’ countries of origin and relate to a multitude of bonds that link them across various cultures, languages and places. The study explores the social dimension of cultural belonging and examines diverse approaches that enable the participants to create notions of belonging and identification despite possessing at times contradictory transnational allegiances. The works offers new perspectives on transnational belonging and makes a timely contribution to discussions in the fields of cultural heritage studies, ethnology and transnational studies. The dissertation combines qualitative research methods with an insider perspective. The empirical material is based on semi-structured interviews with fifteen participants, among which are also the author’s siblings. The study addresses the relevance of the author’s personal situatedness and her multi-faceted roles as well as ethical concerns related to the methodological approach of insider research. The social dimension of cultural identities affect both the participants’ identification with their multiple attachments and language use in everyday life. The key research findings present interrelated discussions of the participants’ notion of being a mixture, the importance of family bonds and multilingualism, a specific mixed family lifestyle, the notion of non-belonging and the study participants’ sense of otherness as a means of creating communality with others. The study discusses the participants’ various life strategies of flexible relativising, juggling with multiple affiliations, the approach of “blending in” and their sense of ironic nation-ness for constructing a coherent sense of belonging. The author argues that multicultural belonging is inextricably connected to an association with multiple languages, cultures and places. Multicultural belonging is relational and depends on the context, social relationships and locations. The study proposes that multicultural belonging creates a tolerant understanding of membership and enables experiences of cosmopolitanism and selected notions of allegiance.

Discutindo o papel do Programa Bolsa Família na decisão das eleições presidenciais brasileiras de 2006

This paper investigates the relationship between the impact of Bolsa Família Program in the Brazilian population and the result of the presidential elections of 2006. The database involves municipal information provided by MDS, IBGE and TSE. To control the experiment, the eventual influences of other variables in the determination of this relationship had been studied. All those variables come from specific characteristics of the cities, such as: city with predominant urban or not urban population; size of the city population; among others. The results state that the Bolsa Família was, in fact, a very important factor in the determination of the votes in Lula. It was, in itself, responsible by 45% of the total votes in Lula.

Salário mínimo, Bolsa Família e desempenho relativo recente da economia do Nordeste

This paper presents the two major hypotheses explaining the relatively higher GDP growth of Northeast, when compared to the one for the whole country. These hypotheses are that governmental transferences towards the poorest and the rises in minimum wages are responsible for such relative performance. They are formally presented theoretically and a method to test their relative role is developed, relying on county data for the period 2000 to 2006. The results indicate that the Bolsa Familia Program had a higher positive impact in the GDP growth rate of the region than the rises in Minimum wage.

As metáforas da família na transmissão do poder político: questões de método

Como explicar o uso feito pela sociedade democrática de um vocabulário político que funciona sobre bases de alusões à família como princípio de realidade social? Atualizadas pela mídia, essas alusões (afilhado político, os pais do partido, herança partidária, herdeiro político...) oferecem uma visão esparsa de significação da democracia e revelam a existência possível de duas esferas teoricamente inconciliáveis, onde uma se realiza mascarando a outra: as idéias de democracia, partido moderno e eleições dissimulando os sinais de família, isto é, do mundo social no político. Com base numa pesquisa empírica realizada sobre a transmissão do poder político em Minas Gerais, o artigo discute um método para examinar os fundamentos da indagação acima, com reflexões sobre as fontes de dados para realizar tal estudo. Não se trata de considerar essas fontes como caso técnico, mas como uma problemática diretamente ligada à metodologia da sócio- história do político.

Exploring Teacher Candidates’ Experience, Perception, and Knowledge of Multicultural Education in Two Ontario Universities

In this study, teacher candidates’ experiences, perceptions, and knowledge of multicultural education at 2 Ontario universities were used determine to the effectiveness of their teacher education programs in preparing them to teach in multicultural classrooms. The research also strived to highlight the most effective practices in these programs that contributed to the preparation of teacher candidates for employment in culturally, racially, and ethnically diverse classrooms in Ontario. A questionnaire and interviews were used to determine the effectiveness of the program in preparing them to teach in diverse classrooms. The findings revealed the need for a greater emphasis of multicultural education in teacher education programs at these universities. The data showed that teacher candidates were most critical of the courses and the delivery of the curriculum in relation to multicultural education. Teacher candidates were also concerned with the lack of multicultural education in their practicum placements. In addition, teacher candidates indicated in the questionnaire that they felt competent adapting instruction to the needs of students in multicultural classrooms. However, the results obtained from the interviews were more varied. The interviews highlighted that teacher candidates were hesitant about teaching in culturally diverse classrooms and less likely to state that they were prepared for these teaching environments. As well, many teacher candidates believed their peers were not prepared for multicultural issues. Teacher candidates believed the program could be improved in many ways including specific instruction across all classes, more diverse practicum experiences, guest speakers, case studies, and the creation of new courses that specifically address multicultural education.

Developing an Understanding of Cultural Diversity: How an Experience Living in a Multicultural Nation and an Experience Teaching Abroad Contribute to Southern Ontario Teachers' Identities

This is a narrative design study focusing on the understandings that a group of 6 Southern Ontario teachers have of cultural diversity and how these understandings integrated into their development of teacher identity. Given the high culturally diverse population of Canada and its national multicultural values, conducting this study on Canadian pre-service and in-service teachers offers an interesting contribution to the field. In efforts to explore the participants’ understandings, the research examined a teaching abroad experience. The aim was to investigate how these participants gained insight from their experiences with cultural diversity and whether these insights stimulated a greater culturally conscious teacher identity. Narratives provided a description of the lived experiences of these 6 teachers and identified meanings made from these experiences. Participants included 2 pre-service teachers who were in a teacher education program at the time of the interview, and 4 certified teachers who graduated from a teacher education program within the past 5 years. One on one interviews focused on lived experiences within a participant’s home, school community, and teaching abroad. The researcher used grounded theory during the data analysis to assist in identifying themes, and then compared these themes among participants. Overall, this study suggests that even though these participants live in a multicultural nation, experiences varied greatly based on contributing factors such as heritage and exposure to cultural diversity through their home and school life. Despite their varying level of cultural competence, all participants gained insight from their teaching abroad experience, contributing to a teacher identity that considered inclusive practices. This study suggests that there are some important factors to consider when preparing teachers to teach in a multicultural society.

Pluralismo multicultural : el rostro de un inmigrante judeo-polaco y su presencia en México

Tesis (Maestría en Metodología de la Ciencia) -- U.A.N.L. ; Facultad de Filosofía y Letras, 1999

The Hybridity of Violence : Location, Dislocation, and Relocation in Contemporary Canadian Multicultural and Indigenous Writing

Cette thèse explore la relation entre les littératures autochtones et multiculturelles du Canada. Même si les critiques littéraires examinent les littératures dites mineures de plus en plus, ces dernières sont rarement étudiées sans la présence médiatrice de la littérature canadienne considérée comme étant dominante. Afin de produire une telle analyse, cette thèse mobilise le concept d’hybridité en tant que catégorie d’analyse de texte qui, en plus de son histoire raciale et coloniale, décrit convenablement les formes d’expérimentations stylistiques que les écrivains autochtones et multiculturels emploient afin de représenter et questionner leur marginalisation. Ne voulant pas reproduire les interprétations fétichistes qui réduisent les littératures autochtones et multiculturelles à leurs représentations de concepts d’altérité, j’examine ces textes dans leurs relations avec différents discours et débats ayant marqué les études littéraires canadiennes, notamment, le long poème canadien, l’écriture des prairies canadiennes, la littérature urbaine, le multiculturalisme, et les premières nations. Ma méthode d’analyse repose sur la façon dont chaque texte étudié alimente ces catégories d’analyse littéraire tout en les modifiant radicalement. De plus, je développe un cadre conceptuel et théorique permettant l’étude de la relation entre les textes autochtones et multiculturels sans toutefois confondre ou réduire les contextes d’où proviennent ces littératures. Ma thèse et ma méthode d’analyse se concrétise par l’interprétation des textes écrits par Armand Garnet Ruffo, Suzette Mayr, Rawi Hage, et Jeannette Armstrong. Le chapitre d’introduction détaille la façon dont la relation entre les textes autochtones et multiculturels a été appréhendée jusqu’à présent. J’y élabore mon cadre théorique qui joint et réinterprète de manière critique diverses théories, dont celle du postcolonialisme, de l’hybridité, et de la mondialisation, et la façon dont ces théories se rapportent aux études littéraires canadiennes. Dans mon deuxième chapitre, j’analyse le long poème d’Armand Garnet Ruffo, Grey Owl: The Mystery of Archie Belaney, en m’attardant particulièrement aux stratégies d’expérimentations stylistiques et génériques que Ruffo développe afin de rendre le genre du long poème canadien autochtone et de questionner l’identité de Grey Owl. Mon troisième chapitre examine Venous Hum, un roman de Suzette Mayr. Ce texte remet en question la tradition de « prairie writing », le multiculturalisme canadien, et le conservatisme albertain à travers son style expérimental, son usage des métaphores et du réalisme magique. Mon quatrième chapitre interprète le roman montréalais Cockroach, de Rawi Hage, en examinant la façon dont ses unités locales, nationales, et globales rencontrent le colonialisme et contestent les discours nationaux une fois que sa critique de la mondialisation se trouve réarticulée dans une approbation des discours d’interventions humanitaires de l’occident. Mon dernier chapitre explore le roman de Jeannette Armstrong, Whispering in Shadows, afin de démontrer les limites de ma méthode d’analyse. Puisque l’hybridité sous-entend inévitablement la notion d’assimilation, son application dans le contexte de l’œuvre d’Armstrong s’avèrerait réductrice. Pour cette raison, ce chapitre utilise des concepts autochtones définis par Armstrong afin de développer une méthode de lecture non-hégémonique. Ma thèse examine donc la façon dont chaque texte déploie le concept d’hybridité pour à la fois contester et enrichir les discours critiques qui tentent de contenir ces textes. Elle contribue aux études postcoloniales de la littérature canadienne en élargissant leur champ habituel pour inclure les complexités des théories de la mondialisation, et en examinant quelles stratégies littéraires les textes autochtones et multiculturels partagent, mais mobilisent à des fins différentes.

Família i escoles d'educació infantil. Nous canvis. Noves exigències

L'article constata la diversitat i canvi de les estructures familiars i de les diferents maneres com eduquen els pares i mares als seus fills. Fa el mateix anàlisi des de l'àmbit escolar i finalment planteja unes reflexions i interrogants sobre les noves exigències que avui demanen aquests canvis

Aspectos didácticos del collage y del cartel publicitario a través de la educación multicultural.

Obtuvo Primer Premio Antonio Domínguez Ortiz resuelto por el XVI Concurso para el Fomento de la Investigación e Innovación Educativa