Expressão do gene Glipican 3 (Gpc3) no urotélio da bexiga de ratos expostos ao diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) por 7 dias e 20 semanas

Diuron (3-(3,4-dichlorophenyl)-1,1-dimethylurea) is a substituted urea herbicide widely used in crops of sugar cane, cotton and soybeans. In 1997, this agent has been classified by the United States Environmental Protection Agency as known/likely human carcinogen because it induced tumors in the urinary bladder and renal pelvis of rats, and breast and skin of mice exposed to 2500 ppm for feed for two years. A previous study from our group demonstrated dose-response relationship in the gene expression profile associated with severe necrosis on bladder urothelium and increased incidence of simple hyperplasia in male Wistar rats treated with different concentrations of diuron for 20 weeks. To check how early the molecular changes occurs, rats were fed for 7 days with diets containing diuron at 0, 125, 500 or 2500 ppm. The main observations recorded were urothelium ultrastructural alterations and disruptions of molecular pathways associated with cell-cell interaction and the tissue organization maintenance. Particularly, the gene Glypican 3 (Gpc3), a surface proteoglycan related to cellular adhesion and apoptosis induction, was down regulated on urothelium exposed to 2500ppm diuron for 7 days and 20 weeks. The aim of this study was validate by quantitative RT-PCR real time, the reduced Gpc3 gene expression in epithelial cells of the urinary bladder of male Wistar rats treated with different concentrations of diuron for 7 days and 20 weeks. The endogenous control of the quantitative PCR real time technique was the β-actin gene and the target was the gene Gpc3. The relative quantification (RQ) was obtained by the method of relative quantification 2-ΔΔCt . Animals exposed to diuron for 7 days or for 20 weeks presented reduction of Gpc3 gene expression compared to the control group. This reduction was statistically significant only for the 7 days study. Moreover, by comparing animals exposed for 7 days with the exposed for 20 weeks, it was ...

Atrazine levels in the Jaboticabal water stream (Sao Paulo State, Brazil) and its toxicological effects on the pacu fish Piaractus mesopotamicus

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A geometric approach to cosmological boundary conditions

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

Desempenho de gotejadores usando efluente de esgoto tratado para irrigação

Pós-graduação em Agronomia (Produção Vegetal) - FCAV

Impact of sunlight on the age of onset of bipolar disorder

Bauer M, Glenn T, Alda M, Andreassen OA, Ardau R, Bellivier F, Berk M, Bjella TD, Bossini L, Del Zompo M, Dodd S, Fagiolini A, Frye MA, Gonzalez-Pinto A, Henry C, Kapczinski F, Kliwicki S, Konig B, Kunz M, Lafer B, Lopez-Jaramillo C, Manchia M, Marsh W, Martinez-Cengotitabengoa M, Melle I, Morken G, Munoz R, Nery FG, ODonovan C, Pfennig A, Quiroz D, Rasgon N, Reif A, Rybakowski J, Sagduyu K, Simhandl C, Torrent C, Vieta E, Zetin M, Whybrow PC. Impact of sunlight on the age of onset of bipolar disorder. Bipolar Disord 2012: 14: 654663. (c) 2012 The Authors. Journal compilation (c) 2012 John Wiley & Sons A/S. Objective: Although bipolar disorder has high heritability, the onset occurs during several decades of life, suggesting that social and environmental factors may have considerable influence on disease onset. This study examined the association between the age of onset and sunlight at the location of onset. Method: Data were obtained from 2414 patients with a diagnosis of bipolar I disorder, according to DSM-IV criteria. Data were collected at 24 sites in 13 countries spanning latitudes 6.3 to 63.4 degrees from the equator, including data from both hemispheres. The age of onset and location of onset were obtained retrospectively, from patient records and/or direct interviews. Solar insolation data, or the amount of electromagnetic energy striking the surface of the earth, were obtained from the NASA Surface Meteorology and Solar Energy (SSE) database for each location of onset. Results: The larger the maximum monthly increase in solar insolation at the location of onset, the younger the age of onset (coefficient= -4.724, 95% CI: -8.124 to -1.323, p = 0.006), controlling for each countrys median age. The maximum monthly increase in solar insolation occurred in springtime. No relationships were found between the age of onset and latitude, yearly total solar insolation, and the maximum monthly decrease in solar insolation. The largest maximum monthly increases in solar insolation occurred in diverse environments, including Norway, arid areas in California, and Chile. Conclusion: The large maximum monthly increase in sunlight in springtime may have an important influence on the onset of bipolar disorder.

Functional matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 genetic variants modify the effects of hemodialysis on circulating MMP-9 levels

Background: Altered levels of matrix metalloproteinases (MMPs) and their inhibitors, the tissue inhibitors of metalloproteinases (TIMPs), are involved in cardiovascular alterations associated with end stage kidney disease (ESKD). Genetic polymorphisms in MMP-9 gene affect MMP-9 levels. We examined how MMP-9 polymorphisms and haplotypes affect the changes in plasma MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels found in patients with ESKD undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: We studied 94 ESKD patients undergoing hemodialysis for at least 3 months. MMP-9 and TIMP-1 were measured by ELISA in plasma from blood samples collected before and after a session of hemodialysis. Genotypes for three MMP-9 polymorphisms (C-1562T, rs3918242; -90 (CA)(14-24), rs2234681; and Q279R, rs17576) were determined by Taqman (R) Allele Discrimination Assay and real-time polymerase chain reaction. Haplotype frequencies were determined with the software program PHASE 2.1. Results: Hemodialysis increased MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels (P<0.05). Genotypes had no effects on baseline MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels (P>0.05). Hemodialysis increased MMP-9 and TIMP-1 levels in subjects with the CC (but not CT or TT) genotype for the C-1562T polymorphism (P<0.05), and increased MMP-9 levels in subjects with the QQ (but not QR or RR) genotype for the Q279R polymorphism (P<0.05), whereas the CA(n)(14-24) polymorphism had no major effects. While MMP-9 haplotypes had no effects on baseline MMP-9 levels (P>0.05), hemodialysis increased MMP-9 levels and MMP-9/TIMP-1 ratios in subjects carrying the CLQ haplotype (P = 0.0012 and P = 0.0045, respectively). Conclusion: ESKD patients with the QQ genotype for the Q279R polymorphism or with the CLQ haplotype are exposed to more severe increases in MMP-9 levels after hemodialysis. Such patients may benefit from the use of MMP inhibitors. (C) 2012 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

Il rapporto tra processo e prodotto software: il ruolo dei modelli

L’obiettivo della tesi è dimostrare come da un’idea progettuale si arriva alla realizzazione di un prodotto finito passando attraverso la sua modelizzazione. In questo caso l’oggetto dell’attività voleva essere quello di risolvere la problematica degli accessi nelle Ztl. Per risolvere questa problematica è sufficiente comunicare l’accesso al comando dei vigili urbani, per questo i canali di comunicazione scelti dall’azienda sono multipli, in particolare nella tesi verrà mostrato in che modo si arriva al prodotto finale attraverso l’attività di modellizzazione, usando il canale APP versione QR-Code.

Gamification: applicazioni sociali e mobili

L'obiettivo di questa tesi, in base all'analisi di atti di convegni e workshop, lettura di libri e articoli pubblicati in siti Web, in materie di gamification, è per prima cosa, spiegare il concetto della gamification, partendo da alcune definizioni date da ricercatori e progettisti di videogiochi, cercando di capire sia i fattori positivi, sia i fattori negativi. Si vogliono elencare e spiegare gli elementi di gioco che compongono la gamification, con particolare attenzione alle meccaniche, come punti, distintivi, premi e dinamiche, come competenza, espressione di sè, status sociale, elementi collegati tra di loro, analizzando quali meccaniche originano certe dinamiche. Si cercherà anche di analizzare la gamification sotto gli aspetti psicologici e di User Experience che innescano le motivazioni intrinseche ed estrinseche delle persone, le prime azionate dalle meccaniche, le seconde azionate dalle dinamiche della gamification e l'importanza di ciò nella progettazione di applicazioni gamificate. Si vogliono esaminare ed illustrare in generale, progetti i quali adottano tecniche di gamification, che spaziano dal fitness fino ad attività di marketing per capire i benefici riscontrati. Si vuole inoltre scoprire se ci sono dei validi presupposti per sviluppare App gamificate per smarphone, che sfruttino alcune specifiche tecniche dei dispositivi mobili come, connettività, il GPS ed i sensori come ad esempio, l'accelerometro ed altre tecnologie come il lettore NFC, QR-code. Infine, come caso di studio, saranno testate tre app per smarphone, Foursquare, tramite la quale un utente può consultare e lasciare consigli sui luoghi nelle sue vicinanze, Swarm, tramite la quale un utente oltre ad effettuare il check-in in un luogo, può vedere se ci sono amici nelle vicinanze e Waze, tramite la quale un utente può inviare ed apprendere informazioni relative al traffico.

Realizzazione di un controller su piattaforma Android per la movimentazione di manipolatori industriali

Nell'ottica di trovare modalità sempre più intuitive per movimentare manipolatori industriali l’obiettivo della tesi è quello di realizzare una mobile app su piattaforma Android in grado appunto di movimentare un generico manipolatore industriale. L'applicazione sviluppata fornisce all'utente un’interfaccia semplice e intuitiva che permette, dopo un’opportuna configurazione iniziale, di controllare il moto di un manipolatore industriale attraverso l’uso del touch screen e degli elementi grafici dell’interfaccia. Oltre a istruire un manipolatore l’applicazione offre anche delle funzionalità per il salvataggio e la gestione di determinate configurazioni che il manipolatore può assumere nello spazio. Il grande vantaggio dell’applicazione è quello di fornire un’interfaccia universale per la movimentazione di qualsiasi manipolatore. Si può affermare quindi che essa fornisce un livello di astrazione superiore. In questo progetto di tesi è stato effettuato il testing dell'applicazione sviluppata sia con il manipolatore industriale Comau Smart Six, robot antropomorfo a 6 gradi di libertà, sia con un manipolatore simulato in Unity 3D. Sono stati raccolti dei dati, in particolare dei grafici, che mettono in relazione i comandi impartiti al manipolatore e i dati ricevuti da questo, in modo da ricavarne dei parametri che misurano l'efficienza e la correttezza dell'applicazione.

Identification of a host cell target for the thiazolide class of broad-spectrum anti-parasitic drugs

The thiazolide nitazoxanide (NTZ) and some derivatives exhibit considerable in vitro activities against a broad range of parasites, including the apicomplexans Neospora caninum and Toxoplasma gondii tachyzoites. In order to identify potential molecular targets for this compound in both parasites, RM4847 was coupled to epoxy-agarose and affinity chromatography was performed. A protein of approximately 35 kDa was eluted upon RM4847-affinity-chromatography from extracts of N. caninum-infected human foreskin fibroblasts (HFF) and non-infected HFF, but no protein was eluted when affinity chromatography was performed with T. gondii or N. caninum tachyzoite extracts. Mass spectrometry analysis identified the 35 kDa protein as human quinone reductase NQO1 (P15559; QR). Within 8h after infection of HFF with N. caninum tachyzoites, QR transcript expression levels were notably increased, but no such increase was observed upon infection with T. gondii tachyzoites. Treatment of non-infected HFF with RM4847 did also lead to an increase of QR transcript levels. The enzymatic activity of 6-histidine-tagged recombinant QR (recQR) was assayed using menadione as a substrate. The thiazolides NTZ, tizoxanide and RM4847 inhibited recQR activity on menadione in a concentration-dependent manner. Moreover, a small residual reducing activity was observed when these thiazolides were offered as substrates.

Exhibit: "Michigan-I-O": Alan Lomax and the 1938 Library of Congress Folk-Song Expedition"

In 1938, a young folk music collector named Alan Lomax—destined to become one of the legendary folklorists of the 20th century recorded Michigan’s richly varied folk music traditions for the Archive of American Folk-Song at the Library of Congress. Michigan in the 1930s was experiencing a golden age of folksong collecting, as local folklorists mined the trove of ballads remembered by aging lumbermen and Great Lakes schoonermen. In addition to the ballads of these north woods singers, Lomax recorded a vibrant mix of ethnic music from Detroit to the western Upper Peninsula. The multimedia performance event Folksongs from Michigan-i-o combines live performance with historic images, color movie footage, and recorded sound from the Great Depression. Some of these materials haven’t been heard or seen by the general public for more than seven decades. The traveling exhibition Michigan Folksong Legacy: Grand Discoveries from the Great Depression brings Alan Lomax’s 1938 field trip to life through words, song lyrics, photographs, and sound recordings. Ten interpretive banners explore themes and each panel contains a QR code that links to related sound recordings from the Alan Lomax Collection at the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress.

Exhibit: "Michigan-I-O": Alan Lomax and the 1938 Library of Congress Folk-Song Expedition"

In 1938, a young folk music collector named Alan Lomax—destined to become one of the legendary folklorists of the 20th century recorded Michigan’s richly varied folk music traditions for the Archive of American Folk-Song at the Library of Congress. Michigan in the 1930s was experiencing a golden age of folksong collecting, as local folklorists mined the trove of ballads remembered by aging lumbermen and Great Lakes schoonermen. In addition to the ballads of these north woods singers, Lomax recorded a vibrant mix of ethnic music from Detroit to the western Upper Peninsula. The multimedia performance event Folksongs from Michigan-i-o combines live performance with historic images, color movie footage, and recorded sound from the Great Depression. Some of these materials haven’t been heard or seen by the general public for more than seven decades. The traveling exhibition Michigan Folksong Legacy: Grand Discoveries from the Great Depression brings Alan Lomax’s 1938 field trip to life through words, song lyrics, photographs, and sound recordings. Ten interpretive banners explore themes and each panel contains a QR code that links to related sound recordings from the Alan Lomax Collection at the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress.

Exhibit: "Michigan-I-O": Alan Lomax and the 1938 Library of Congress Folk-Song Expedition

In 1938, a young folk music collector named Alan Lomax—destined to become one of the legendary folklorists of the 20th century recorded Michigan’s richly varied folk music traditions for the Archive of American Folk-Song at the Library of Congress. Michigan in the 1930s was experiencing a golden age of folksong collecting, as local folklorists mined the trove of ballads remembered by aging lumbermen and Great Lakes schoonermen. In addition to the ballads of these north woods singers, Lomax recorded a vibrant mix of ethnic music from Detroit to the western Upper Peninsula. The multimedia performance event Folksongs from Michigan-i-o combines live performance with historic images, color movie footage, and recorded sound from the Great Depression. Some of these materials haven’t been heard or seen by the general public for more than seven decades. The traveling exhibition Michigan Folksong Legacy: Grand Discoveries from the Great Depression brings Alan Lomax’s 1938 field trip to life through words, song lyrics, photographs, and sound recordings. Ten interpretive banners explore themes and each panel contains a QR code that links to related sound recordings from the Alan Lomax Collection at the American Folklife Center, Library of Congress.

Zwei Technische Lösungen zur Unterstützung des Trainings von Telefonkommunikationsfertigkeiten

Telefonkommunikationsfertigkeiten sind in der modernen Medizin von zunehmender Bedeutung. Entsprechend wurde vom Berner Institut für Hausarztmedizin ein Telefonkommunikationskurs eingeführt. Mit zwei technischen Lösungen unterstützen wir in unserem Skills Lab diesen Kurs. Mit drei im Internet abrufbaren Tonbeispielen können sich die Studierenden auf das Training vorbereiten. Unsere Befragung ergab, dass mehr als drei Viertel der Studierenden diese Tonbeispiele nutzen. Um den Problemen und Kosten von am Netz angeschlossenen Telefongeräten auszuweichen, haben wir Schleusentelefone der Schweizer Armee angeschafft. Diese lassen sich direkt verbinden, benötigen nur Typ C Batterien und haben Kurbel betrieben Klingeln. Sowohl Aufbau wie Einsatz waren problemlos. Mittels QR Codes auf dem Poster können die Leser mit ihren Smartphones die Tonbeispiele und ein Video über den Telefonkommunikationskurs ansteuern.