Influência da terapia pré-natal com betametasona sobre o desenvolvimeto da prole, do nascimento à vida adulta reprodutiva, em ratos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Biologia, direitos humanos e educação: diálogos necessários

Nessa pesquisa investigo no discurso biológico moderno, teorias e proposições que legitimam as igualdades e desigualdades sociais a partir de argumentos considerados científicos, a fim de relacioná-las à Educação em Direitos Humanos. Minha motivação inicial para tal estudo decorreu da identificação de concepções contrárias a valores humanísticos entre estudantes da educação básica. Concepções essas mantidas e defendidas a partir de argumentos tidos como científicos por esses sujeitos, que ao serem indagados sobre temas relacionados à raça, etnia, sexualidade e organização social manifestaram preconceitos usando elementos do discurso biológico como forma de justificar suas idéias. Com o propósito de estabelecer relações entre Discurso Biológico e Educação em Direitos Humanos, recorro aos valores presentes na Declaração Universal dos Direitos Humanos que integram um projeto global de ensino das prerrogativas estabelecidas pela Organização das Nações Unidas e à análise de três obras de referência da Biologia Moderna A Origem do Homem e a Seleção Sexual, de Charles Darwin (1809-1882); O Gene Egoísta, de Richard Dawkins (1941 -) e A Origem da Espécie Humana, de Richard Leakey (1944 -). O material empírico selecionado foi organizado e investigado com a utilização de princípios metodológicos da análise de conteúdo, inclusive a construção do corpo textual que recebe inferências em seu desenvolvimento, proporcionando a visualização de discursos que refutam ou corroboram valores próximos às concepções humanísticas presentes nos Direitos Humanos. A diversidade dos discursos biológicos analisados partindo de razões diferentes, indicam a necessidade do ensino de valores altruístas e cooperativos, quer por trazerem argumentos reveladores de nossa natureza egoísta quer por defenderem nossa tendência ao altruísmo inato que precisa ser mantido e reforçado pelos meios culturais. Os temas desenvolvidos no trabalho promovem múltiplas discussões que podem ser aproveitadas por educadores em ciências biológicas para, ao ensinar biologia, divulgar, educar e refletir sobre Direitos Humanos.

Capacidade combinatória e heterose em cruzamentos de linhagens de pepino do grupo caipira

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

A variação entoacional da Ilha de Mosqueiro: contribuições para a formação do Atlas Prosódico Multimídia do Português do Norte do Brasil (AMPER – NORTE)

O presente trabalho teve como objetivo principal caracterizar a variação prosódica dialetal do português falado na zona rural da cidade de Belém (PA), distrito de Mosqueiro. A pesquisa de campo foi feita com base na metodologia utilizada pelo projeto AMPER, com o corpus constituído de 102 frases, obedecendo às mesmas restrições fonético-sintáticas. Dessa forma, as frases utilizadas nas gravações para a composição do corpus da zona rural de Belém analisadas neste trabalho são do tipo SVC (Sujeito + Verbo + complemento) e suas expansões com a inclusão de Sintagmas Adjetivais e Adverbiais. As sentenças do corpus têm 10, 13 e 14 vogais, sendo que os dois últimos tipos apresentam sintagma com extensão adjetival ou adverbial, respectivamente, à direita do verbo, como em “O pássaro gosta do Renato nadador” ou “O pássaro gosta do Renato de Mônaco”. Cada sentença foi repetida seis vezes, formando um corpus total de 612 frases por cada informante. Os parâmetros acústicos utilizados foram: a duração, a frequência fundamental e a intensidade. A análise dos parâmetros foi feita por meio de dados gerados nos aplicativos PRAAT, Interface MatLab e gráficos gerados no Excel. A pesquisa reuniu dados referentes a seis informantes adultos, de ambos os sexos, com nível de escolaridade fundamental, médio e superior. Os resultados forneceram um desenho entoacional comparativo entre as frases declarativas e interrogativas, além de breves observações sobre o comportamento das vogais pretônicas, postônicas e tônicas, de acordo com as estruturas acentuais e das palavras em diferentes posições frásicas. O foco foi direcionado para o Sintagma Nominal Final e suas extensões sobre o qual verificamos que a sentença interrogativa inicia sua curva melódica baixa em decorrência do pico entoacional no verbo “gosta”, e posterior ascendência na sílaba tônica; e a declarativa inicia a curva com ascendência até a pré-tônica e posterior descendência no final do percurso melódico.

Prevalence of hereditary risk factors for thrombophilia in Belém, Brazilian Amazon

Different risk factors for venous thromboembolism (VTE) have been identified, including hereditary abnormalities in the mechanisms of coagulation and fibrinolysis. We investigated five genetic polymorphisms (FVL G1691A, FII G20210A, MTHFR C677T, TAFI A152G and TAFI T1053C) associated with VTE in individuals from the city of Belém in the Brazilian Amazon who had no history of VTE. No significant difference was found between the observed and expected genotype frequencies for the loci analyzed. We found high frequencies of MTHFR C677T (33.9%) and TAFI T1053C (74%) and low frequencies of FVL (1.6%), FII G20210A (0.8%) and TAFI A152G (0.8%). The FVL G1691A, FII G20210A and MTHFR C677T frequencies were similar to those for European populations and populations of European descent living in the city of Ribeirão Preto in the Brazilian state of São Paulo. The frequency of the two TAFI mutations in the Belém individuals was not significantly different from that described for individuals from Ribeirão Preto. We suggest that the risks for VTE in the population of Belém are of the same magnitude as that observed in European populations and in populations with an expressive European contribution.

A construction of integrated vertex operator in the pure spinor sigma-model in AdS(5) x S-5

Vertex operators in string theory me in two varieties: integrated and unintegrated. Understanding both types is important for the calculation of the string theory amplitudes. The relation between them is a descent procedure typically involving the b-ghost. In the pure spinor formalism vertex operators can be identified as cohomology classes of an infinite-dimensional Lie superalgebra formed by covariant derivatives. We show that in this language the construction of the integrated vertex from an unintegrated vertex is very straightforward, and amounts to the evaluation of the cocycle on the generalized Lax currents.

Imputation of non-genotyped individuals using genotyped progeny in Nellore, a Bos indicus cattle breed

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

A study of the role of the FOXP2 and CNTNAP2 genes in persistent developmental stuttering

A number of speech disorders including stuttering have been shown to have important genetic contributions, as indicated by high heritability estimates from twin and other studies. We studied the potential contribution to stuttering from variants in the FOXP2 gene, which have previously been associated with developmental verbal dyspraxia, and from variants in the CNTNAP2 gene, which have been associated with specific language impairment (SLI). DNA sequence analysis of these two genes in a group of 602 unrelated cases, all with familial persistent developmental stuttering, revealed no excess of potentially deleterious coding sequence variants in the cases compared to a matched group of 487 well characterized neurologically normal controls. This was compared to the distribution of variants in the GNPTAB, GNPTG, and NAGPA genes which have previously been associated with persistent stuttering. Using an expanded subject data set, we again found that NAGPA showed significantly different mutation frequencies in North Americans of European descent (p = 0.0091) and a significant difference existed in the mutation frequency of GNPTAB in Brazilians (p = 0.00050). No significant differences in mutation frequency in the FOXP2 and CNTNAP2 genes were observed between cases and controls. To examine the pattern of expression of these five genes in the human brain, real time quantitative reverse transcription PCR was performed on RNA purified from 27 different human brain regions. The expression patterns of FOXP2 and CNTNAP2 were generally different from those of GNPTAB, GNPTG and NAPGA in terms of relatively lower expression in the cerebellum. This study provides an improved estimate of the contribution of mutations in GNPTAB, GNPTG and NAGPA to persistent stuttering, and suggests that variants in FOXP2 and CNTNAP2 are not involved in the genesis of familial persistent stuttering. This, together with the different brain expression patterns of GNPTAB, GNPTG, and NAGPA compared to that of FOXP2 and CNTNAP2, suggests that the genetic neuropathological origins of stuttering differ from those of verbal dyspraxia and SLI. Published by Elsevier Inc.

Território migratório - contigüidade socioterritorial de terras distintas: os Dekasseguis e a busca pela reterritorialização

This paper analyzes the new trends of Brazilian migration to Japan, more specifically in the process of redefining its territoriality on the political and administrative Japanese territory. This migration, known as Dekassegui movement, is based on the flow of Brazilians of Japanese descent in this country. The working part of a periodization of the movement, considering the political and economic situations of countries and account for aspects of the difficult adjustment of the pioneers, the change the temporal expectation of return and search for repossession of these immigrants in their most recent time frame After more than 27 years of migration is still common difficulties in the integrating the Brazilian front of Japanese society, and it is in this context, however, that migration projects take new directions, new meanings are created networks, strengthens relationships, change and so plans to build a new interaction with the territory. To understand this process, we consider as a theoretical analysis and territorial consolidation of field research in Japan, through questionnaires, to identify the processes of social integration of immigrants

Otimização de altitude de vôo para aeronaves executivas para economia de combustível e tempo

This work approaches, in a simplified manner, the analysis of an aircraft’s trajectory through the 3 main flight phases, climb, cruise and descent, related to fuel consumption and elapsed time. From this analysis is developed a tool that aims optimize the flight planning operational procedure, providing an altitude that comply with fuel saving during the trip, or minimizes the trip time. The use of any altitude is an operator’s decision, that aims comply with their operational needs of each trip, getting the results provided by the tool as a primary approach to the flight profile that also bring up economics aspects of each possibility of decision to be taken. Since the aeronautical Market has singular problems, as the flight altitude optimization, there is the need to solutions very customized that many times can not attend every restriction for each operator and its related kind of operation. When we talk about executive aircrafts, is possible to note that its operators does not have enough engineering and logistic support, when compared to huge airlines companies, to analyze all exceptions of each singular operation, creating many times wastes that can be avoiding with a tool described herein in this work

Anemia and hemoglobinopathies in pregnant women attended in a public hospital

Objectives: to identify the demographic profile and frequency of anemia and hemoglobinopathies, as a basis for future implementation of actions aimed at pregnant women in the public health domain. Method: this is a cross-sectional study developed with pregnant women attended in a university hospital at Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil. Blood samples were collected for the erythrogram analysis for detection of anemia and selective and specific tests for abnormal hemoglobin. The patients regarded as indigenous and mentally ill, as well as inmates, were excluded from the research, as they represent a vulnerable population which needs a cohort different from that of the sample. For data collection, a particular questionnaire was used. The research was approved by the Ethics Committee of Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS), under the Protocol 873/2006. Results: of the 215 pregnant women under study, 20% were adolescents; 36.3% had incomplete primary education; 53.0% were non-Caucasian; 43.3% were from Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil; and 21.1% were of European descent. 17.7% had some type of anemia and, in the evaluation of hemoglobinopathies, 4.7% of patients were detected with some abnormal hemoglobin, with the following frequencies: 3.3% with HbAS; 0.9% with HbAC; and 0.5% with intermediate β-thalassemia. Conclusion: the frequencies of anemia and hemoglobinopathy found in these pregnant women showed the importance of early diagnosis, revealing indicators able to provide a basis for preventive and assistance actions for adequate clinical monitoring, reducing maternal and neonatal morbimortality in the public health services. Descriptors: pregnant women; anemia; hemoglobinopathies; public health; nursing.

Avaliação da autozigosidade em vacas Nelore (Bos indicus) através de genótipos SNP de alta densidade

Pós-graduação em Medicina Veterinária - FCAV

Reconfiguração de sistemas de distribuição operando em vários níveis de demanda através de uma meta-heurística de busca em vizinhança variável

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Elétrica - FEIS