El Niño in Peru : biology and culture over 10,000 years : Papers from the VIII Annual A. Watson Armour III Spring Symposium, May 28-29, 1999, Chicago / Jonathan Haas and Michael O. Dillon, editors.

n.s. no.43(2003)

Biologia de Glena unipennaria unipennaria (Guenée, 1857) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae) em folhas de Eucalyptus grandis (Hill) Maiden

Este trabalho trata do estudo da biologia de Glena unipennaria unipennaria (Guenée, 1857) (Lepidoptera, Geometridae), cujas lagartas são desfolhadoras e consideradas como praga de grande importância econômica, em povoamentos homogêneos e implantados de Eucalyptus spp. (Myrtaceae), no Brasil. Os insetos foram criados em condições de laboratório (temperatura 25±3°C; UR:70±10; fotoperíodo de 12 horas), no Laboratório de Controle Biológico, do Departamento de Entomologia, da Escola Superior de Agricultura "Luiz de Queiroz"-USP, em Piracicaba, SP, em 1978. As lagartas foram alimentadas, exclusivamente, com folhas de Eucalyptus grandis (Hill) Maiden. Foram estudados os seguintes parâmetros: período e viabilidade das fases de ovo, lagarta (exceto viabilidade), pré-pupa; número e duração dos ínstares larvais e consumo foliar na fase larval; longevidade dos a dultos e proporção quanto ao sexo. Medidas lineares foram tomadas das cápsulas cefálicas das lagartas, comprimento e maior largura das pupas e envergadura das asas anteriores dos adultos. Aspectos relacionados com o comportamento e morfologia externa também foram observados.

Observações sobre os Ixodideos da Republica Argentina

Ixodidae of the Argentine Republic are studied by the Author based on 71 lots of material, sent by Prof. Salvador Mazza, comprising 13 different species, two of which are found in Argentine territory: Haemaphysalis kochi Arag. and Amblyomma parvitarsum Nn. The author admits the existence in Argentina of 23 species of Ixodidae, but such number may still increase along with the development of the studies on the subject. In this paper, the Ornithodoros classified by Barbará and Dios as Ornithodoros turicata, is sunk by the Author in synonymy with O. rostratus Arag. not merely on the strength of the material at his disposal, but also by the plates published by the Argentine authors. The following species are also placed in synonymy: Amblyomma altiplanum Dios, 1917 (= Amblyomma parvitarsum Nn., 1899), Amblyomma concolor, Nn., 1899 (=Amblyomma auriculare Conil, 1877) Amblyomma furcula Donitz, 1907 (= Amblyomma neumani Ribaga, 1902). In the Author's opinion Amblyomma striatum C. L. Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma fossum Nn. are distinct species, so that the same Amblyomma ovale for both should no longer subsist as L. C. Robinson proposes. The Author, moreover, shows his doubts upon the existence in Argentine of Aponomma laeve, Nn., 1899 and Dermacentor triangulus Nn., 1899, as they have not been seen any more and in South-America no representatives of the genera Aponomma and Dermacentor are known.

Sobre los orígenes de la industrialización en el sector alimentario: Cataluña, 1880-1935

Hoy en día las industrias alimentarias ocupan un lugar destacado en la reproducción de la actividad económica. Además de centralizar la elaboración de aquellos productos y articular al conjunto del sector agroalimentario, aquellas industrias condicionan aspectos importantes de las políticas económicas nacionales y, estrechamente conectadas con las nuevas empresas biotecnológicas, configuran una de las líneas de actividad más innovadoras. En el caso de la historiografía española, las aportaciones realizadas hasta ahora han sido sobre todo de tipo sectorial y no han alterado demasiado las interpretaciones tradicionales. Como resultado de estos trabajos podemos concluir, por tanto, que en el momento actual conocemos relativamente bien la evolución de las principales industrias alimentarias en España desde el siglo XIX, pero que todavía no hemos integrado los resultados alcanzados en un nuevo marco interpretativo. En el presente artículo discutiré inicialmente estos planteamientos y destacaré, a partir de las investigaciones realizadas, aquellos aspectos de las nuevas propuestas interpretativas que me parecen más sugerentes. Seguidamente aplicaré estas propuestas al caso español, tomando como referencia el desarrollo que experimentaron diversas industrias alimentarias en Cataluña entre la segunda mitad del siglo XIX y la década de 1930.

Notas de ixodologia: III - conformação de Ixodes aragãoi Fonseca, 1935, de Ixodes amarali Fonseca, 1935, e lista das espécies do gênero Ixodes que ocorrem no Brasil (Acari, Ixodidae)

After comparison of the types of Ixodes ricinus aragãoi Fonseca, 1935, with a lot of Ixodes affinis Neumann, 1899, kindly loaned by Dr. Kohls, it was observed that both species differ by the aspect of the dorsal scutm, no large punctations being in the posterior border in the Brazilian material. Therefore is FONSECA'S species maintened as Ixodes aragãoi Fonseca, 1935. Ixodes amarali Fonseca, 1935 was reexamined and confirmed as a valid species. A list of Brazilian species of the genus Ixodes studied by the authors is presented.

Notas de ixodologia: V - A propósito da validade de algumas espécies do gênero Amblyomma do continente americano (Acari: Ixodídoe)

a) The species Amblyomma tapiri Tonelli Rondelli, 1937 and Amblyomma finitimum Tonelli Rondelli, 1937 are synonymous with Amblyomma cajennense Fabricius, 1787. Both species are based in differences of size, colour, punctations and form of the dorsal shield, presence or absence of ventral plates, size, form and direction of the spine of coxa IV. Such differences prouved to be only variations frequently observed in large lots or in cultures of Amblyomma cajennense. The revalidation of Koch's species Amblyomma tenellum Koch, 1844 and Amblyomma mixtum Koch, 1844 proposed by TONELLI RONDELLI as also of Amblyomma sculptum Berlese, 1888 and Amblyomma versicolor Nuttal et Warburton, 1908 cannot be accepted by the same reasons. b) Amblyomma beccari Tonelli Rondelli, 1939 and Amblyomma latepunctatum Tonelli Rondelli, 1939 are cospecific with Amblyomma scalpturatum Neumann, 1899 the same being true for Amblyomma myrmecophagium Schulze, 1935 and for Amblyomma brasiliense var. guianense Floch et Abonnenc, 1940, as previously stated. c) Amblyomma tasquei Floch et Abonnenc, 1940 is a good species but synonym with Amblyomma romitii Tonelli Rondelli, 1939 which has priority. d) Amblyomma curruca Schulze, 1936 is a synonym of Amblyomma parvum Aragão, 1908. e) Amblyomma deminutivum Neumann, 1899 represents a variation of Amblyomma dissimile Koch, 1844, a species whose internal spine of coxa IV may be poorly developed or even absent. f) Amblyomma nigrum Tonelli Rondelli, 1939 prouved to be synonym with Amblyomma paccae Aragao, 1911 the type representing a blackish specimen of the later species. g) Amblyomma brimonti Neumann, 1913 is a synonym of Amblyomma humerale Koch, 1844.

The possibility for continuous growth with exhaustible resources: unknowingly an agreement has been reached, but it may not be correct

It is the size of the elasticity of substitution that has been the central issue in the long debate over the possibility of continuous growth in the presence of exhaustible resources. This paper reviews the debate and comes to the surprising conclusion that , unnoticed by the pessimists, the optimist position has gradually evolved so that it now approximates that of the pessimists. The paper also summarises some preliminary work by the author that indicates that this common position may not be correct

A doença de Chagas no Paraná

In recent speech in Curitiba (May 22nd, 1954), Dr. Mario Pinotti, Director, Serviço Nacional da Malaria, informed that his personnel started on February, 1953, a survey upon chagas Disease in 23 counties of the State of Paraná, South Brazil. out of 895 places surveyed, 678, or 75.7%, were infected by Triatoma infestans klug 1834 and in 234 out of those 678, or 34.5%, this vector was infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. The general natural infection of the insects examined reached 18.86%. The serological survey (Machado-Guerreiro test) was positive in 10.7% of the persons examined in jacarezinho and in 28.3% of those living in Bôa Vista. These data suggested the author to actualise the subject. During his control of severe outbreack of malaria in the North part of Paraná, from march to June 1917 he worked in 8 counties. March 1917 he photographed in Boa Vista four girls, severe cases of chronic malaria, two of which showed bi-palpebral oedema, later on considered by Dr. Pinho Simões (1943) as Romanã syndrome (created in 1935) and Prof. Salvador Mazza (1946) classified as typical cases of Chagas' Disease. now, being elapsed 36 years, the National Service of Malaria confirmed the discovery. The region surveyed was populated, in the beginning of this century, by immigrants from the State of Minas Gerais, from where the author believes that were imported the disease and its vectors. In April 1917 the A. discovered that the old town Jatahy was a big focus of Triatoma megista (now Panstrongylus megistus0. All its 43 houses were strongly infested by such hematophagus and amongst the 200 inhabitants seen many were suspicious cases of chronic cases of Chagas's Disease. In the Indians town (three tribes) of S. Pedro D' Alcantara, situated in front of Jatahy, in the left side of the river Tibagy, there were no Triatomas nor suspicious cases of trypanosomiasis. In 1919 the author started the control of the endemics by destroying the foci of Triatomas and reforming the housing. In 1946 he returned to jatahy and found the sanitary conditions of the town and its inhabitants much better. Climate of the region is favorable to spreading of all tropical diseases, being very suitable one for an extensive sanitary survey. In 1943 Dr. Pinho Simões examined 85 triatomas ( T. infestans) from six counties of the North region and found 40, or 46% infected by Trypanosoma cruzi. The highest incidences were; Joaquim Tavora 74.2% and Carlópolis 26.9%. These counties seem to be infested by Itaporanga county of São Paulo State. in 1953 Serviço nacional da Malária proved that 19 out of 23 counties surveyed were infested by Triatoma infestans. They examined 7,701 of this insect and found 1,453 positive for Trypanosoma cruzi, or 18.9%. in two counties, Jacarezinho and Sengés, were examined 2,588 human bloods, not selected, and 323, or 12.6% of such samples were positive for Chagas' Disease. This year the Malaria Service is doing insects survey in 25 other counties and DDTising infested domiciles of another eight. Such activity is very promising and should be extended to other places.

Contribuição ao conhecimento do gênero Chordonota Gerstaecker, 1857: (Diptera, Stratiomydae)

The author studies Chordonota inermis Wied. based on adults and larvae. Male and female genitalia are figured.

The Difficult and tortuous path of agricultural cooperative networks in spain, 1890-1935

The rural associationism developed from the last decades of the XIX century could be consider as an answer of the agriculturists to the increasing integration of agriculture in the market, and to the effects of the Great Depression. In the case of Spain, the initiatives in this sense arose with certain delay in relation to the countries of Western Europe. The beginning of the Spanish cooperativism is closely bound to the Law of 1906. It granted the agrarian cooperatives with fiscal exemptions and other types of supports to the associates, although the process did not really accelerate until the promulgation of the law regulation in 1908.

Contribution to the knowledge of Philometra lateolabracis Yamaguti, 1935 (Nematoda, Filarioidea)

In this paper the authors refere Philometra lateolabracis Yamaguti, 1935 for the first time from the Atlantic Ocean also as a new host record. They report the rpesence of one male of diminished dimensions, found in close relationship with the females of Ph. lateolabracis; as the male of this species is unknown, they admit the possibility of this small nematode be the male of this species.

Más allá de la ley de May: disparidades curvilíneas y conflicto intrapartidista. El caso de Cataluña

Este artículo pretende contribuir al debate sobre el papel que desempeñan los adherentes y activistas y, de modo especial, a intentar plantear de nuevo el problema de su influencia dentro del partido. Para ello se revisa el trabajo de May (1973), sus posteriores desarrollos empíricos, y se intenta comprobar su validez en los principales ejes que marcan la competencia política catalana. Una vez comprobada la existencia de disparidades ideológicas en el caso catalán, el papel se centra en discutir algunas de las limitaciones del modelo de May. Ello permite, a su vez, sugerir la necesidad de elaborar un nuevo modelo de conflicto partidista que tenga presente tanto las relaciones de poder verticales (entre dirigentes y activistas) como horizontales (entre los mismos dirigentes). Para mostrar empíricamente las debilidades señaladas en el modelo de May, el análisis termina con un caso estudio que intenta ilustrar la dificultad de asociar disparidades con conflicto interno.

Espécie nova de Mytilopsis Conrad, 1857, do rio Tocantins, Tucuruí, Pará, Brasil: (Mollusca, Bivalvia, Dreissenidae)

A new species of Mytilopsis, mollusk bivalvi from Brazilian Amazon Region (Tocantins, Pará) is described. It is different from the American other species due small dimensions and height/width relation.