Import��ncia da avalia����o do ciclo de vida na an��lise de produtos: poss��veis aplica����es na constru����o civil

Much has been discussed lately about reusing waste in new construction materials and countless studies have been carried out based on this objective. However, before these products can be called ���sustainable��� and a recycling system can be effectively implemented, it is fundamental for all the aspects involved in this action to be understood, and more important, what are the true gains for the productive sector and what are the benefits for the environment if this was to occur. In order to obtain a general framework for all environmental aspects and potential impacts associated with these products, over their entire life cycle, the most appropriate methodology is the Life Cycle Assessment (LCA). In view of the above, the objective of this work is to provide an overview of current studies of LCA, its history, its importance, its standards and the methodology employed and its applications related to civil construction. It is expected, to obtain a more complete scenario of the influences from a study of LCA, as well as establishing a contribution for the assessment of specific products and processes for civil construction, disseminating the importance of the use of this tool within the sector.

Oportunidades de melhoria na gest��o de res��duos em empresas distribuidoras de eletricidade: o caso da AES Eletropaulo

A gest��o de res��duos em distribuidoras de eletricidade �� bastante complexa, pois enquadram-se em v��rios tipos (valorizados ou n��o) e gerados em grande quantidade. Em 2009, a AES Eletropaulo gerou quase quatro mil toneladas de res��duos n��o perigosos, subdivididos em 30 tipos. Uma divis��o por materiais, ap��s desmontagem e separa����o dos diferentes materiais contidos nos fios, cabos, chaves, isoladores com ferragem e para-raios, subiria o valor da venda em R$ 600 mil. Isso geraria cerca de 214 toneladas de porcelana que, mo��das, poderiam substituir as 210 toneladas de brita compradas anualmente pela concession��ria para uso em subesta����es. Cerca de 160 toneladas de porcelanas intactas poderiam ser utilizadas na confec����o de gabi��es para conten����o de encostas. Al��m disso, pe��as de ferro galvanizado poderiam ser decapadas e novamente galvanizadas para reaproveitamento.

Sele����o e associa����o gen��mica para precocidade sexual em bovinos da ra��a Nelore

P��s-gradua����o em Gen��tica e Melhoramento Animal - FCAV

Mapas de guia de rota em autom��vel para motoristas com defici��ncia na vis��o de cores

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient��fico e Tecnol��gico (CNPq)

Prefer��ncia por marcos em mapas 3D de sistema de navega����o e guia de rota em autom��vel

P��s-gradua����o em Ci��ncias Cartogr��ficas - FCT

Processo de produ����o de composto org��nico derivado de res��duos industriais com aplica����o no cultivo de alface

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

Aproveitamento energ��tico de uma planta de sulfata����o

P��s-gradua����o em Engenharia Mec��nica - FEG

Caminhamento fotogram��trico com arranjo triangular de c��maras fotogr��ficas

Coordena����o de Aperfei��oamento de Pessoal de N��vel Superior (CAPES)

As vozes e as vis��es dos catadores de materiais recicl��veis sobre o meio ambiente

P��s-gradua����o em Servi��o Social - FCHS

Diretrizes para o gerenciamento de res��duos provenientes de papel na UNESP, c��mpus de Rio Claro

As atividades exercidas em uma Institui����o acad��mica resultam na forma����o de diversos tipos de res��duos entre eles um volume consider��vel daqueles provenientes de celulose, principalmente variedades de papel e papel��o, sendo o primeiro utilizado em larga escala para a confec����o de objetos para os mais variados fins, de atividades did��ticas, usos para fins de limpeza, at�� documentos. O presente trabalho foi realizado integrado ��s pr��ticas do projeto PGR (Plano de Gerenciamento de Res��duos) desenvolvido no campus da Unesp de Rio Claro, tendo como objetivo o diagn��stico do gerenciamento dos res��duos de papel e papel��o, tais como as pr��ticas de descarte, reciclagem e/ou reutiliza����o vigentes para posterior elabora����o de um manual para o gerenciamento ambientalmente correto de tais tipos de res��duos. Para esse levantamento foi elaborado um question��rio (Check-list) que foi aplicado nos diferentes setores da UNESP entre Novembro de 2014 e Abril de 2015. A partir desse levantamento preliminar e da quantifica����o aproximada do montante de res��duos e das porcentagens reutilizadas/recicladas e as descartadas, visou-se propor melhorias no processo de gerenciamento deste tipo de res��duo. O montante de res��duos provenientes de papel gerado nos 50 setores avaliados, sendo 27 do Instituto de Bioci��ncias, 21 do Instituto de Geoci��ncias e Ci��ncias Exatas e dois de uso comum entre os dois institutos, foi de aproximadamente 190kg de material, embora observado que na maioria das vezes os pap��is tenham sido eliminados junto a res��duos de outra natureza, at�� mesmo org��nicos. Tamb��m foram constatadas a propor����o de setores que procuram reduzir e reutilizar seus res��duos, sendo que a reutiliza����o de pap��is diversos para rascunhos e a utiliza����o de caixas de papel��o para o armazenamento de variados objetos foram as pr��ticas mais comumente observadas, sendo apresentadas em maior ou menor grau em 62% dos setores visitados

Ocorr��ncia de fungos negros em ambientes dom��sticos

Black fungi are able to adapt to extreme environmental conditions, such as: high temperatures, the presence of toxic chemical substances and lack of nutrients. Besides, they are also potential pathogens to humans. The natural environment of many black fungi is still unknown and some studies are being conducted to evaluate the biodiversity of this group and their different habitats. This study aimed to isolate black fungi in domestic environments and facilities, such as toothbrushes, fridge sealing rubbers, bathroom strainers and divisions, windows, wall tiles and bath sponge. For the collection, material surfaces were scratched with a scalpel and the resulting fragments were sewed in Mycosel agar (DifcoTM), supplemented with actidione to inhibit the growth of highly-sporulating fungi. Plates were incubated at 25��C for three weeks. The 46 isolated fungi were maintained on MA2% slants at 8��C and cryopreserved at -80��C. Fungal identification was performed through the analysis of macro and microscopic features and ITS rDNA sequencing. The following black fungi taxa were found: Ascomycota sp., Cladosporium spp., Dothideomycete sp., Exophiala alcalophila, Ochroconis mirabilis and Rhinocladiella atrovirens. Non-melanized fungi were also found, such as Geosmithia sp., Penicillium sp. and Rhodotorula mucilaginosa. The temperature tests showed that isolated black fungi were not able to grow at 37��C, however, this temperature proved to be fungistatic to 43% of them. According to literature, all black fungi isolated in this study are opportunistic pathogens and additional studies are necessary to evaluate the risk that these micro-organisms offer to health, once they were isolated from domestic environments

Potencial de contribui����o e import��ncia socioambiental dos 'catadores aut��nomos' de Rio Claro (SP) para o programa de coleta seletiva municipal

The Urban Solid Residues are the rests of human activity, popularly known by trash and considered by population like useless, undesirable and disposable. On the other hand, for the waste pickers, solid residues are the beginning of a cycle: they see in the other's people trash the only income, an economic value. Currently, in brazilian cities, one million collectors act, alone or in cooperatives, socially excluded by the work they do. The National Policy of Solid Residues (PNRS), instituted in 2010, established guidelines to the execution of integrated residues management, with should be practiced by city halls and other governmental institutions. This policy has, besides other things, goals of residues reduction and inclusion of waste pickers in the mechanism of selective collect and recycling. However, this and other public policies created for residue management are benefic only for cooperated waste pickers. That could negatively affect most of this class, since 90% are waste pickers working in a precarious way on the country's streets. This study has for objective show that most of waste pickers that work in a precarious way on the brazilian territory has a huge potential for the solid residues recycling chain and how they should be valued for the environmental services they provide, so they can be included with dignity on the society, ensuring economic and social benefits for this workers. The methodology adopted was based on the amount of residue collected by the 44 cooperated members of the Rio Claro���s waste pickers cooperative to estimate the potential of collect and recycling did by 210 autonomous waste pickers who are active on city streets. It was observed that the cooperative collects the equivalent of 10.2% of all recyclable residues generated by city population. However, with the potential that these autonomous waste pickers have, which together could contribute 465 tonnes of solid residues per month, or 5,570 tons a year...

Propriedades estruturais e espectrosc��picas de WO3 e WO3:Eu3+

Used as catalysts even in organic and inorganic molecules, as additives on catalysts, electrochromic films on smart windows the tungsten trioxide have been largely studied on the lasts decades, but there is just a few about it's luminescence. Using as precursors nitric acid and sodium tungstate the tungsten trioxide were been prepared thru wet process then treating on thermic and hydrothermal treatments. Where been evaluated the effects of methodology, nitric acid concentration, duration and temperature of treatments. The samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering spectroscopy (RSS), Fourier transformed infrared spectroscopy, photoluminescence spectroscopy (PLS) and X-ray excited optical luminescence (XEOL). Hydrated phases of tungsten trioxide were obtained through hydrothermal treatments and the non-hydrated phases occur with thermic treatments. The acid concentration has the ability to determine the major phase formed as well the temperature determine the hydratation of the product. With lower temperatures dihydrate phase were preferable formed and with the rise of temperature, the water molecules were lost up to the fractionary hydratation and then the non-hydrated phase with higher temperatures depending on the atmosphere used on the thermal treatment. Doping the system with europium ions even substituting tungsten or in the interstices of the matrix were not been successful, as well the XEOL spectroscopy intensity were null and quite low for ultraviolet and visible excitation photoluminescence because of oxygen defect levels localized into the prohibited band.

Previs��o de demanda de ve��culos automotores atrav��s do modelo de regress��o linear m��ltipla

This study aimed to model a equation for the demand of automobiles and light commercial vehicles, based on the data from February 2007 to July 2014, through a multiple regression analysis. The literature review consists of an information collection of the history of automotive industry, and it has contributed to the understanding of the current crisis that affects this market, which consequence was a large reduction in sales. The model developed was evaluated by a residual analysis and also was used an adhesion test - F test - with a significance level of 5%. In addition, a coefficient of determination (R2) of 0.8159 was determined, indicating that 81.59% of the demand for automobiles and light commercial vehicles can be explained by the regression variables: interest rate, unemployment rate, broad consumer price index (CPI), gross domestic product (GDP) and tax on industrialized products (IPI). Finally, other ten samples, from August 2014 to May 2015, were tested in the model in order to validate its forecasting quality. Finally, a Monte Carlo Simulation was run in order to obtain a distribution of probabilities of future demands. It was observed that the actual demand in the period after the sample was in the range that was most likely to occur, and that the GDP and the CPI are the variable that have the greatest influence on the developed model

Desenvolvimento de uma caixa de redu����o para ve��culo Baja SAE

A gear Box in a Baja SAE vehicle is required due to the objectives of the SAE competitions, which the vehicles are challenged to pass through different obstacles. A powertrain system has as the main objective the extension of the torque for the traction shaft of the vehicle, when compared to that one available in the engine. The Objective of this thesis is the description of a gear box project for a Baja SAE vehicle of the Piratas do Vale Team of Unesp Guaratinguet��. In the development of the thesis, a flowchart, developed by the team, was used, which includes a theory part and also the choice of shelf components. In this Project, the type of gearbox was chosen, besides the calculation of axles, gears, bearings and sealers, and software simulations were done for the critical parts. The transmission, developed in this thesis, is more complex than the current one used by the team, but the new one shows improvements, as a new reverse gear with high torque