Estudio de las propiedades físicas del mesón escalar sigma en el vacío y en el medio nuclear.

Tesis (Doctor en Ingeniería Física Industrial) UANL, 2013.

Propriétés géométriques des surfaces associées aux solutions des modèles sigma grassmanniens en deux dimensions

Dans cette thèse, nous analysons les propriétés géométriques des surfaces obtenues des solutions classiques des modèles sigma bosoniques et supersymétriques en deux dimensions ayant pour espace cible des variétés grassmanniennes G(m,n). Plus particulièrement, nous considérons la métrique, les formes fondamentales et la courbure gaussienne induites par ces surfaces naturellement plongées dans l'algèbre de Lie su(n). Le premier chapitre présente des outils préliminaires pour comprendre les éléments des chapitres suivants. Nous y présentons les théories de jauge non-abéliennes et les modèles sigma grassmanniens bosoniques ainsi que supersymétriques. Nous nous intéressons aussi à la construction de surfaces dans l'algèbre de Lie su(n) à partir des solutions des modèles sigma bosoniques. Les trois prochains chapitres, formant cette thèse, présentent les contraintes devant être imposées sur les solutions de ces modèles afin d'obtenir des surfaces à courbure gaussienne constante. Ces contraintes permettent d'obtenir une classification des solutions en fonction des valeurs possibles de la courbure. Les chapitres 2 et 3 de cette thèse présentent une analyse de ces surfaces et de leurs solutions classiques pour les modèles sigma grassmanniens bosoniques. Le quatrième consiste en une analyse analogue pour une extension supersymétrique N=2 des modèles sigma bosoniques G(1,n)=CP^(n-1) incluant quelques résultats sur les modèles grassmanniens. Dans le deuxième chapitre, nous étudions les propriétés géométriques des surfaces associées aux solutions holomorphes des modèles sigma grassmanniens bosoniques. Nous donnons une classification complète de ces solutions à courbure gaussienne constante pour les modèles G(2,n) pour n=3,4,5. De plus, nous établissons deux conjectures sur les valeurs constantes possibles de la courbure gaussienne pour G(m,n). Nous donnons aussi des éléments de preuve de ces conjectures en nous appuyant sur les immersions et les coordonnées de Plücker ainsi que la séquence de Veronese. Ces résultats sont publiés dans la revue Journal of Geometry and Physics. Le troisième chapitre présente une analyse des surfaces à courbure gaussienne constante associées aux solutions non-holomorphes des modèles sigma grassmanniens bosoniques. Ce travail généralise les résultats du premier article et donne un algorithme systématique pour l'obtention de telles surfaces issues des solutions connues des modèles. Ces résultats sont publiés dans la revue Journal of Geometry and Physics. Dans le dernier chapitre, nous considérons une extension supersymétrique N=2 du modèle sigma bosonique ayant pour espace cible G(1,n)=CP^(n-1). Ce chapitre décrit la géométrie des surfaces obtenues des solutions du modèle et démontre, dans le cas holomorphe, qu'elles ont une courbure gaussienne constante si et seulement si la solution holomorphe consiste en une généralisation de la séquence de Veronese. De plus, en utilisant une version invariante de jauge du modèle en termes de projecteurs orthogonaux, nous obtenons des solutions non-holomorphes et étudions la géométrie des surfaces associées à ces nouvelles solutions. Ces résultats sont soumis dans la revue Communications in Mathematical Physics.

A Coupled 2 × 2D Babcock–Leighton Solar Dynamo Model. I. Surface Magnetic Flux Evolution

The need for reliable predictions of the solar activity cycle motivates the development of dynamo models incorporating a representation of surface processes sufficiently detailed to allow assimilation of magnetographic data. In this series of papers we present one such dynamo model, and document its behavior and properties. This first paper focuses on one of the model's key components, namely surface magnetic flux evolution. Using a genetic algorithm, we obtain best-fit parameters of the transport model by least-squares minimization of the differences between the associated synthetic synoptic magnetogram and real magnetographic data for activity cycle 21. Our fitting procedure also returns Monte Carlo-like error estimates. We show that the range of acceptable surface meridional flow profiles is in good agreement with Doppler measurements, even though the latter are not used in the fitting process. Using a synthetic database of bipolar magnetic region (BMR) emergences reproducing the statistical properties of observed emergences, we also ascertain the sensitivity of global cycle properties, such as the strength of the dipole moment and timing of polarity reversal, to distinct realizations of BMR emergence, and on this basis argue that this stochasticity represents a primary source of uncertainty for predicting solar cycle characteristics.

DC electrical conductivity and phase transitions in (NH4)3H(SO4)2

Four distinct peaks are observed at 140, -26, -132 and -140°C in the sigma x* against T-1 plot between 200 and - 196°C for (NH4)3H(SO4)2, corresponding to four different phase transitions of which the one at -26°C is reported here for the first time. Data on doped samples reveal the charge transport mechanism in the crystal.

An efficient scheme for the evaluation of coding performance of high speed links incorporating joint error behaviour based on Monte Carlo Method

While channel coding is a standard method of improving a system’s energy efficiency in digital communications, its practice does not extend to high-speed links. Increasing demands in network speeds are placing a large burden on the energy efficiency of high-speed links and render the benefit of channel coding for these systems a timely subject. The low error rates of interest and the presence of residual intersymbol interference (ISI) caused by hardware constraints impede the analysis and simulation of coded high-speed links. Focusing on the residual ISI and combined noise as the dominant error mechanisms, this paper analyses error correlation through concepts of error region, channel signature, and correlation distance. This framework provides a deeper insight into joint error behaviours in high-speed links, extends the range of statistical simulation for coded high-speed links, and provides a case against the use of biased Monte Carlo methods in this setting

Wideband Low-Distortion Sigma-Delta ADC for WLAN

This work presents a wideband low-distortion sigmadelta analog-to-digital converter (ADC) for Wireless Local Area Network (WLAN) standard. The proposed converter makes use of low-distortion swing suppression SDM architecture which is highly suitable for low oversampling ratios to attain high linearity over a wide bandwidth. The modulator employs a 2-2 cascaded sigma-delta modulator with feedforward path with a single-bit quantizer in the first stage and 4-bit in the second stage. The modulator is designed in TSMC 0.18um CMOS technology and operates at 1.8V supply voltage. Simulation results show that, a peak SNDR of 57dB and a spurious free dynamic range (SFDR) of 66dB is obtained for a 10MHz signal bandwidth, and an oversampling ratio of 8.

A Multi-Mode Sigma-Delta ADC for GSM/WCDMA/ WLAN Applications

The demand for new telecommunication services requiring higher capacities, data rates and different operating modes have motivated the development of new generation multi-standard wireless transceivers. In multistandard design, sigma-delta based ADC is one of the most popular choices. To this end, in this paper we present cascaded 2-2-2 reconfigurable sigma-delta modulator that can handle GSM, WCDMA and WLAN standards. The modulator makes use of a low-distortion swing suppression topology which is highly suitable for wide band applications. In GSM mode, only the first stage (2nd order Σ-Δ ADC) is used to achieve a peak SNDR of 88dB with oversampling ratio of 160 for a bandwidth of 200KHz and for WCDMA mode a 2-2 cascaded structure (4th order) is turned on with 1-bit in the first stage and 2-bit in the second stage to achieve 74 dB peak SNDR with over-sampling ratio of 16 for a bandwidth of 2MHz. Finally, a 2-2-2 cascaded MASH architecture with 4-bit in the last stage is proposed to achieve a peak SNDR of 58dB for WLAN for a bandwidth of 20MHz. The novelty lies in the fact that unused blocks of second and third stages can be made inactive to achieve low power consumption. The modulator is designed in TSMC 0.18um CMOS technology and operates at 1.8 supply voltage

A Triple-mode Sigma-delta Modulator Design for Wireless Standards

This work presents a triple-mode sigma-delta modulator for three wireless standards namely GSM/WCDMA and Bluetooth. A reconfigurable ADC has been used to meet the wide bandwidth and high dynamic range requirements of the multi-standard receivers with less power consumption. A highly linear sigma-delta ADC which has reduced sensitivity to circuit imperfections has been chosen in our design. This is particularly suitable for wide band applications where the oversampling ratio is low. Simulation results indicate that the modulator achieves a peak SNDR of 84/68/68 dB over a bandwidth of 0.2/3.84/1.5 MHz with an oversampling ratio 128/8/8 in GSM/WCDMA/Bluetooth modes respectively

A Triple-Mode Feed-Forward Sigma-Delta Modulator Design For Gsm / Wcdma / Wlan Applications

This paper presents a cascaded 2-2-2 reconfigurable sigma-delta modulator that can handle GSM, WCDMA and WLAN standards. The modulator makes use of a low-distortion swing suppression topology which is highly suitable for wide band applications. In GSM mode, only the first stage (2nd order Σ-Δ ADC) is turned on to achieve 88dB dynamic range with oversampling ratio of 160 for a bandwidth of 200KHz; in WCDMA mode a 2-2 cascaded structure (4th order) is turned on with 1-bit in the first stage and 2-bit in the second stage to achieve 74 dB dynamic range with oversampling ratio of 16 for a bandwidth of 2MHz and a 2-2-2 cascaded MASH architecture with a 4-bit in the last stage to achieve a dynamic range of 58dB for a bandwidth of 20MHz. The novelty lies in the fact that unused blocks of second and third stages can be switched off taking into considerations like power consumption. The modulator is designed in TSMC 0.18um CMOS technology and operates at 1.8 supply voltage.

Model Diagnostics in the presence of measurement error

The problem of using information available from one variable X to make inferenceabout another Y is classical in many physical and social sciences. In statistics this isoften done via regression analysis where mean response is used to model the data. Onestipulates the model Y = µ(X) +ɛ. Here µ(X) is the mean response at the predictor variable value X = x, and ɛ = Y - µ(X) is the error. In classical regression analysis, both (X; Y ) are observable and one then proceeds to make inference about the mean response function µ(X). In practice there are numerous examples where X is not available, but a variable Z is observed which provides an estimate of X. As an example, consider the herbicidestudy of Rudemo, et al. [3] in which a nominal measured amount Z of herbicide was applied to a plant but the actual amount absorbed by the plant X is unobservable. As another example, from Wang [5], an epidemiologist studies the severity of a lung disease, Y , among the residents in a city in relation to the amount of certain air pollutants. The amount of the air pollutants Z can be measured at certain observation stations in the city, but the actual exposure of the residents to the pollutants, X, is unobservable and may vary randomly from the Z-values. In both cases X = Z+error: This is the so called Berkson measurement error model.In more classical measurement error model one observes an unbiased estimator W of X and stipulates the relation W = X + error: An example of this model occurs when assessing effect of nutrition X on a disease. Measuring nutrition intake precisely within 24 hours is almost impossible. There are many similar examples in agricultural or medical studies, see e.g., Carroll, Ruppert and Stefanski [1] and Fuller [2], , among others. In this talk we shall address the question of fitting a parametric model to the re-gression function µ(X) in the Berkson measurement error model: Y = µ(X) + ɛ; X = Z + η; where η and ɛ are random errors with E(ɛ) = 0, X and η are d-dimensional, and Z is the observable d-dimensional r.v.

Correcting Measurement Error Bias in Interaction Models with Small Samples

Several methods have been suggested to estimate non-linear models with interaction terms in the presence of measurement error. Structural equation models eliminate measurement error bias, but require large samples. Ordinary least squares regression on summated scales, regression on factor scores and partial least squares are appropriate for small samples but do not correct measurement error bias. Two stage least squares regression does correct measurement error bias but the results strongly depend on the instrumental variable choice. This article discusses the old disattenuated regression method as an alternative for correcting measurement error in small samples. The method is extended to the case of interaction terms and is illustrated on a model that examines the interaction effect of innovation and style of use of budgets on business performance. Alternative reliability estimates that can be used to disattenuate the estimates are discussed. A comparison is made with the alternative methods. Methods that do not correct for measurement error bias perform very similarly and considerably worse than disattenuated regression

Bondad de ajuste en ??tems polit??micos : tasas de error tipo I y potencia de tres ??ndices de ajuste

Resumen tomado de la publicaci??n

Learning Resource Coursework - Team Sigma

We have created a slideshow on Open Source, and have created a reference list and poster for it.

El error del asegurador en el contrato de seguro

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