Differences in physical activity between black and white girls living in rural and urban areas

This study examined the relationship of race and rural/urban setting to physical, behavioral, psychosocial, and environmental factors associated with physical activity. Subjects included 1,668 eighth-grade girls from 31 middle schools: 933 from urban settings, and 735 from rural settings. Forty-six percent of urban girls and 59% of rural girls were Black. One-way and two-way ANOVAs with school as a covariate were used to analyze the data. Results indicated that most differences were associated with race rather than setting. Black girls were less active than White girls, reporting significantly fewer 30-minute blocks of both vigorous and moderate-to-vigorous physical activity. Black girls also spent more time watching television, and had higher BMIs and greater prevalence of overweight than White girls. However, enjoyment of physical education and family involvement in physical activity were greater among Black girls titan White girls. Rural White girls and urban Black girls had more favorable attitudes toward physical activity. Access to sports equipment, perceived safety of neighborhood, and physical activity self-efficacy were higher in White girls than Black girls.

Discovering the Law Again: John Grisham, Ed Stevens and the Postmaterial Lawyer

This paper uses three films adapted from the novels of John Grisham, The Firm, The Rainmaker and A Time To Kill, as well as associated television series like Ed to map a vernacular theory of what I have termed the 'postmaterial' lawyer. Grisham's work has been the focus of much critique by legal scholars who suggests he hates lawyers, is critical of the concept of law, and provides 'outlandishly' happy endings. I will challenge these critiques and, in tracing the history of legal thrillers and trial movies, suggest that Grisham and the related texts' explorations of how a just practitioner can operate in an unjust system constitute a powerful interrogation of what law can be.

Overweight and obesity in Australia: The 1999-2000 Australian Diabetes, Obesity and Lifestyle Study (AusDiab)

Objective: To measure the prevalence of obesity in Australian adults and to examine the associations of obesity with socioeconomic and lifestyle factors. Design: AusDiab, a cross-sectional study conducted between May 1999 and December 2000, involved participants from 42 randomly selected districts throughout Australia. Participants: Of 20 347 eligible people aged greater than or equal to 25 years who completed a household interview, 11247 attended the physical examination at local survey sites (response rate, 55%). Main outcome measures: Overweight and obesity defined by body mass index (BMI; kg/m(2)) and waist circumference (cm); sociodemographic factors (including smoking, physical activity and television viewing time). Results: The prevalence of overweight and obesity (BMI greater than or equal to 25.0 kg/m(2); waist circumference greater than or equal to 80.0 cm [women] or greater than or equal to 94.0 cm [men]) in both sexes was almost 60%, defined by either BMI or waist circumference. The prevalence of obesity was 2.5 times higher than in 1980. Using waist circumference, the prevalence of obesity was higher in women than men (34.1% v 26.8%; P < 0.01). Lower educational status, higher television viewing time and lower physical activity time were each strongly associated with obesity, with television viewing time showing a stronger relationship than physical activity time. Conclusions: The prevalence of obesity in Australia has more than doubled in the past 20 years. Strong positive associations between obesity and each of television viewing time and lower physical activity time confirm the influence of sedentary lifestyles on obesity, and underline the potential benefits of reducing sedentary behaviour, as well as increasing physical activity, to curb the obesity epidemic.

Caminhos da sustentabilidade para o cinema brasileiro

O artigo pretende mostrar as dificuldades de sustentabilidade da atividade cinematogr??fica brasileira. Com base na an??lise da cadeia produtiva, na estrutura tribut??ria e nas falhas da legisla????o de incentivo fiscal, prop??e-se a exist??ncia de um ciclo vicioso de depend??ncia aos incentivos fiscais. Tendo em vista as dificuldades de acesso a salas de cinema, devido, entre outros fatores, ao baixo poder aquisitivo da popula????o e ?? concentra????o geogr??fica de cinemas nas grandes cidades, prop??e-se uma parceria efetiva entre cinema e televis??o, facilitada pela tecnologia digital. Isso implicar?? altera????es na legisla????o atual, bem como a cria????o de regras regulat??rias, como forma de ampliar o acesso de filmes nacionais ?? grade de programa????o televisiva e tamb??m de viabilizar, em termos industriais, essa atividade econ??mica.

A lei geral de comunica????o eletr??nica de massa e a qualidade da programa????o televisiva

O presente artigo pretende analisar a quest??o da qualidade da programa????o na televis??o brasileira a partir da proposta de um novo marco regulat??rio para o setor de comunica????o social eletr??nica. Essa nova lei, entre outras disposi????es, ir?? regulamentar o artigo 221 da Constitui????o Federal, que trata dos princ??pios pelos quais o conte??do televisivo deve pautar-se. Com isso, define-se qualidade levando-se em considera????o dois aspectos: diversidade e ressalvas ?? liberdade de express??o, ambos previstos na Constitui????o Federal. A partir dessa conceitua????o, prop??e-se a instrumentaliza????o do controle social sobre o conte??do televisivo e a garantia de meios para a diversidade da programa????o. Com rela????o ao primeiro aspecto, recomenda-se a atua????o transparente de uma futura ag??ncia reguladora e a implementa????o de mecanismo de controle individual da programa????o. No que tange ?? diversidade, ressalta-se a import??ncia do fortalecimento das televis??es p??blicas e medidas governamentais no sentido de estimular a multiprograma????o propiciada pelo advento da tecnologia digital.

Estado nutricional e estilo de vida em vegetarianos e on��voros, Grande Vit��ria-ES

Objetivo: Descrever e analisar o estado nutricional e aspectos do estilo de vida de vegetarianos e on��voros residentes na Grande Vit��ria/ES, na faixa et��ria de 35 a 64 anos de idade. Material E M��todos: Trata-se de estudo observacional h��brido de casos prevalentes com avalia����o retrospectiva da exposi����o. Os grupos de expostos (134) e n��o expostos �� dieta on��vora t��pica ocidental (67) foram determinados no in��cio da investiga����o. Foram coletados dados antropom��tricos, bioqu��micos, de atividade f��sica e alimenta����o atrav��s de question��rio e 3 recordat��rios de 24 horas e diagnosticados sobrepeso, Raz��o Cintura Quadril (RCQ) inadequada e hipercolesterolemia. Colesterol total e fra����es, triglicer��deos, ��cido ��rico, s��dio e pot��ssio urin��rios foram comparados entre os grupos, atrav��s do teste t de Student. Foi usado o teste qui-quadrado para comparar propor����es, com ���=0,05. Resultados: Foram encontradas diferen��as significativas em rela����o �� ocupa����o. Dura����o da atividade f��sica e tempo assistindo televis��o e/ou utilizando computador foram maiores entre os on��voros. Os vegetarianos relataram pr��ticas alimentares mais saud��veis e menor consumo de lip��dios, prote��nas e s��dio. Os on��voros apresentaram maior risco de sobrepeso, RCQ inadequada e hipercolesterolemia (valores de P<0,0001). HDL-colesterol n��o foi diferente nos grupos. Conclus��o: Os vegetarianos apresentaram perfil nutricional mais adequado e menor risco para os agravos cr��nicos estudados, apesar de pequena diferen��a no padr��o de atividade f��sica regular entre os grupos estudados.

O parlamento e a regula����o das comunica����es : estudo sobre a atividade legislativa do congresso nacional para a radiodifus��o

Disserta����o (mestrado)���Universidade de Bras��lia, Faculdade de Comunica����o, Programa de P��s-Gradua����o em Comunica����o, 2016.

O tempo cerimonial na televis��o ou a nostalgia programada

A televis��o instaura diversos tipos de temporalidade: o tempo da informa����o, o da fic����o e o dos arquivos. O Autor analisa, no ��mbito do tempo dos m��dia, o estatuto das cerim��nias televisivas que se prop��em imitar a lentid��o e a continuidade pr��prias do ritual. Em certas ocasi��es de dramatiza����o, as cerim��nias televisivas imp��em �� desordem pr��pria do tempo da informa����o e do entretenimento televisivo a ordem inerente ao ritual, tentando introduzir no pequeno ecr�� ��� ao lado dos concursos, dos jogos e das ��not��cias�� ��� alguns fragmentos de um sagrado difuso mas unificador. Cerim��nias como o funeral de Diana Spencer equivalem a uma suspens��o da programa����o normal das televis��es que unifica uma vasta audi��ncia transnacional.

Qualified intervention/qualifying formation

An education promoting scientific literacy (SL) that prepares the citizens to a responsible citizenship has persisted as an argument across discussions on curricula design. The ubiquity of science and technology on contemporary societies and the ideological requirement of informed democratic participation led to the identification of relevant categories that drive curriculum reforms towards a humanistic approach of school science. The category ���Science as culture��� acquires in the current work a major importance: it enlightens the meaning of scientific literacy. Looking closely to the French term, culture scientifique et tecnologique, turns science simultaneously into a cultural object and product that can be both received and worked at different levels and within several approaches by the individuals and the communities. On the other hand, nonformal and informal education spaces gain greater importance. Together with the formal school environment these spaces allow for an enrichment and diversification of learning experiences. Examples of nonformal spaces where animators can develop their work may be science museums or botanical gardens; television and internet can be regarded as informal education spaces. Due to the above mentioned impossibility of setting apart the individual or community-based experiences from Science and Technology (S&T), the work in nonformal and informal spaces sets an additional challenge to the preparation of socio-cultural animators. Socio-scientific issues take, at times, heavily relevance within the communities. Pollution, high tension lines, spreading of diseases, food contamination or natural resources conservation are among the socio-scientific issues that often call upon arguments and emotions. In the context of qualifying programmes on socio-cultural animation (social education and community development) within European Higher Education Area (EHEA) the present study describes the Portuguese framework. The comparison of programmes within Portugal aims to contribute to the discussion on the curriculum design for a socio-cultural animator degree (1st cycle of Bologna process). In particular, this study intends to assess how the formation given complies with enabling animators to work, within multiple scenarios, with communities in situations of socio-scientific relevance. A set of themes, issues and both current and potential fields of action, not described or insufficiently described in literature, is identified and analysed in the perspective of a qualified intervention of animators. One of these examples is thoroughly discussed. Finally, suggestions are made about curriculum reforms in order, if possible, to strongly link the desired qualified intervention with a qualifying formation.

A televis��o na era digital: qual o modelo mais adequado para o servi��o p��blico de televis��o na plataforma internet?

Disserta����o apresentada �� Escola Superior de Comunica����o Social como parte dos requisitos para obten����o de grau de mestre em Audiovisual e Multim��dia.

Portuguese telenews and foreign news

Brief caracterization of portuguese television and telenews. Foreign news international politics news

Tratamento de cor em p��s-produ����o televisiva: o caso da produtora de conte��dos SP Televis��o

Disserta����o apresentada �� Escola Superior de Comunica����o Social como parte dos requisitos para obten����o de grau de mestre em Audiovisual e Multim��dia.

Resultados preliminares de um estudo sobre tradu����o audiovisual infanto-juvenil: o caso da dobragem em Portugal

Nos ��ltimos anos, o volume de produ����es audiovisuais aumentou exponencialmente gra��as ao desenvolvimento das novas tecnologias e �� omnipresen��a dos mass media �� escala global. No que concerne o p��blico infanto- juvenil, o consumo massivo de produtos audiovisuais contribuiu para a constru����o de um novo tipo de espectador mais familiarizado com a imagem/palavra em movimento, seja no ecr�� da televis��o ou do computador. Com este artigo, pretendo partilhar os resultados preliminares de um estudo explorat��rio sobre o impacto da dobragem em Portugal no p��blico infanto- juvenil enquanto consumidores/receptores deste tipo de tradu����o interlingu��stica. Considerando que a oferta televisiva �� condicionante do tipo de consumo de produtos audiovisuais traduzidos �� crucial compreender de que modo esta conjuntura poder�� vir a criar p��blicos mais receptivos �� dobragem num futuro pr��ximo.