Elementos visuais no shoujo mangá: expressando sensações, emoções e sentimentos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Impactos causados por vibrações mecânicas em chapas de alumínio no processo de laminação a frio

This paper purpose is to analyze one of the main problems faced by cold rolling industry of the current time, the mechanical vibration. Factors such as strips with high velocity in order to increase the productivity and thickness becoming thinner and thinner cause the vibrations to be present at all times during rolling. These market requirements also drive the industry for technology development and thus bring the challenges that the operation of a new modern equipment and more powerful. The initial purpose is to analyze the forces that cause vibration in a rolling mill type four high with two stands, where is desirable to identify the origins of these vibrational forces to make possible dismiss them or at least control its intensity, in order to prevent damage in the rolling mill and ensure product quality to the customer. For it, will be used instruments to record and store the vibrations that occur during the lamination process. With this data will be able to analyze the characteristics of the vibrations and act at your elimination. At the end of the work is expected to demonstrate how important the critical view of the engineer in the analysis of graphics combined with the calculations of the natural vibration frequency and engagement of key parts of the laminator. With these two tools at hand, will be possible to increase the productivity of the rolling mill and act preventively in maintenance, thereby reducing your downtime and increasing its performance and efficiency

Alexander Samuel Salley Letters - Accession 45 - M20 (30)

The Alexander Samuel Salley Letters consist of a 1930 letter concerning Salley’s comments on the exchange between South and North Carolina of two strips of land that led to the King’s Mountain becoming a part of South Carolina in 1772, eight years before the battle and a 1921 letter in which Salley addresses various historical songs of South Carolina and his reputation as an historian.

Taking account of dependent species in management of the Southern Ocean krill fishery: estimating crabeater seal abundance off east Antarctica

1. The crabeater seal Lobodon carcinophaga is considered to be a key species in the krill-based food web of the Southern Ocean. Reliable estimates of the abundance of this species are necessary to allow the development of multispecies, predator–prey models as a basis for management of the krill fishery in the Southern Ocean. 2. A survey of crabeater seal abundance was undertaken in 1500 000 km2 of pack-ice off east Antarctica between longitudes 64–150° E during the austral summer of 1999/2000. Sighting surveys, using double observer line transect methods, were conducted from an icebreaker and two helicopters to estimate the density of seals hauled out on the ice in survey strips. Satellite-linked dive recorders were deployed on a sample of seals to estimate the probability of seals being hauled out on the ice at the times of day when sighting surveys were conducted. Model-based inference, involving fitting a density surface, was used to infer densities in the entire survey region from estimates in the surveyed areas. 3. Crabeater seal abundance was estimated to be between 0.7 and 1.4 million animals (with 95% confidence), with the most likely estimate slightly less than 1 million. 4. Synthesis and applications. The estimation of crabeater seal abundance in Convention for the Conservation of Antarctic Marine Living Resources (CCAMLR) management areas off east Antarctic where krill biomass has also been estimated recently provides the data necessary to begin extending from single-species to multispecies management of the krill fishery. Incorporation of all major sources of uncertainty allows a precautionary interpretation of crabeater abundance and demand for krill in keeping with CCAMLR’s precautionary approach to management. While this study focuses on the crabeater seal and management of living resources in the Southern Ocean, it has also led to technical and theoretical developments in survey methodology that have widespread potential application in ecological and resource management studies, and will contribute to a more fundamental understanding of the structure and function of the Southern Ocean ecosystem.

Use of Natural Vegetative Barriers to Limit Expansion of Blacktailed Prairie Dog Towns

Prairie dog (Cynomys ludovicianus) control has historically consisted of lethal methods to maintain, reduce, or eliminate populations in South Dakota and throughout the species range. Non-lethal methods of control are desired to meet changing management objectives for the black-tailed prairie dog. The use of naturally occurring buffer strips as vegetative barriers may be effective in limiting prairie dog town expansion. The objectives of this study were: 1) to evaluate effective width of vegetative barriers in limiting prairie dog towns expansion in western South Dakota; and 2) to document effect native vegetation height on expansion of prairie dog towns in western South Dakota. Five study sites were established in western South Dakota on rangelands containing prairie dog towns of adequate size. Electric fences were constructed for the purpose of excluding cattle and creating buffer strips of native grasses and shrubs. Prairie dogs were poisoned to create a prairie dog free buffer zone adjacent to active prairie dog towns. Grazing was allowed on both sides of the buffer strip. When grazing pressure was not sufficient, mowing was used to simulate grazing. Buffer strips were 100 meters long and 10, 25, and 40 meters in width. A zero meter control was included on all study sites. Quadrats (25) were randomly distributed throughout the buffer strips. Evaluation of study sites included visual obstruction, vegetation cover, vegetation frequency, vegetation height, and vegetation identification. Barrier penetration was evaluated by the presence of new active burrows behind vegetative barriers. Significant relationships were documented for both VOR and vegetation height. No significant difference was found between frequency of breakthroughs and buffer widths.

SOME VERTEBRATE PEST PROBLEMS IN JAPAN

The wildlife in Japan does more damage in outbreaks in forestry than in agriculture. Hares annually damage in excess of 250 thousand acres. Voles annually damage 50 to 100 thousand acres; in some areas great damage may occur suddenly. The giant flying squirrel damages areas of replanted trees in southern areas of Japan. The Himalayan black bear strips the bark on tree trunks. In agriculture, the sparrow and the duck do an excessive amount of damage in rice fields, and the boar does conspicuous harm in the plowed fields of mountain villages. In Okinawa, sugar cane is attacked by Rattus rattus, and in some years the loss is severe. Of even greater concern is the damage done by introduced vertebrates. The gem-faced civet was imported from Taiwan. Similarly introduced from Taiwan, the tree squirrel increased on Izu-Oshima. The nutria was introduced in 1940; they escaped from cages in Southern Honshu and have increased.

Um estudo da arte-sequencial: os componentes imagéticos e textuais em homem-aranha : azul

Comic books, graphic narrative and sequential art, had their origin in newspapers, in the period of the Industrial Revolution. First published weekly in the comic strip format, with the passage of time, the new form of literature has gained more and more public and comic strips became complete stories in the format of comic books and later, graphic novels. This course's final paper aims to present the main components of comics: the picture and the text; and to examine the way in which these two elements overlap and complement each other in the configuration of comics as a whole. As the object of analysis, it was chosen the graphic novel Spider-Man: Blue, first published in 2002 as part of a project composed by three other titles from the double winning cartoonists of the Eisner Award, Jeph Loeb and Tim Sale. For theoretical background, was chosen the book Os Quadrinhos - Linguagem e Semiótica: Um Estudo Abrangente da Arte Sequencial written by the researcher Antonio Luiz Cagnin, which presents a study of all components found in the sequential art and treated in this work: the narrative time, visual plans, balloons, caption, and onomatopoeia

Elementos visuais no shoujo mangá: expressando sensações, emoções e sentimentos

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Impactos causados por vibrações mecânicas em chapas de alumínio no processo de laminação a frio

This paper purpose is to analyze one of the main problems faced by cold rolling industry of the current time, the mechanical vibration. Factors such as strips with high velocity in order to increase the productivity and thickness becoming thinner and thinner cause the vibrations to be present at all times during rolling. These market requirements also drive the industry for technology development and thus bring the challenges that the operation of a new modern equipment and more powerful. The initial purpose is to analyze the forces that cause vibration in a rolling mill type four high with two stands, where is desirable to identify the origins of these vibrational forces to make possible dismiss them or at least control its intensity, in order to prevent damage in the rolling mill and ensure product quality to the customer. For it, will be used instruments to record and store the vibrations that occur during the lamination process. With this data will be able to analyze the characteristics of the vibrations and act at your elimination. At the end of the work is expected to demonstrate how important the critical view of the engineer in the analysis of graphics combined with the calculations of the natural vibration frequency and engagement of key parts of the laminator. With these two tools at hand, will be possible to increase the productivity of the rolling mill and act preventively in maintenance, thereby reducing your downtime and increasing its performance and efficiency

The influence of interdental spacing on the detection of proximal caries lesions in primary teeth

The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of interdental spacing on the performance of proximal caries detection methods in primary molars. In addition, aspects related to temporary tooth separation with orthodontic separators were evaluated. The proximal spaces between the posterior primary teeth (n = 344) of 76 children (4-12 years old) were evaluated before and after temporary separation. Stainless steel strips with different standardized thicknesses were used to measure the presence of biological spacing and the spacing obtained after temporary separation with orthodontic rubber rings. First, the presence of proximal caries lesions was assessed by visual inspection, bitewing radiographs and a pen-type laser fluorescence device (DIAGNOdent pen). Visual inspection after temporary separation with separators was the reference standard method in checking the actual presence of caries. Multilevel analyses were performed considering different outcomes: the performance of the methods in detecting caries lesions and the spacing after temporary separation. The spacing did not influence the performance of the caries detection methods. The maximum spacing obtained with temporary tooth separation was 0.80 mm (mean +/- standard deviation = 0.46 +/- 0.13 mm). The temporary separation was more effective in the upper arch and less effective when an initial biological interdental spacing was present. The biological interdental spacing does not influence the performance of proximal caries detection methods in primary molars, and temporary tooth separation provides spacing narrower than 1.0 mm.

Phosphorus Availability in an Oxisol Amended with Biosolids in a Long-Term Field Experiment

Many extractors are used to quantify available P in soils, but few studies have assessed the availability of P in soils of the wet tropics amended with high rates of biosolids. In this study, ion exchange resin, Mehlich-1 solution, and Fe-impregnated strips were used to quantify available P in samples from an Oxisol amended with surface-applied biosolids in a long-term field experiment. The soil's maximum capacity for P adsorption was also estimated. Experimental design consisted of randomized blocks, with four treatments and three replicates. Samples of biosolids were collected every year during the experiment, from 1999 to 2002. In 1999, two applications were made before growing maize (Zea mays L.) in austral summer and winter. Treatments were: Control (no biosolids added); B (biosolids added at rates based on their total N content); B2 (biosolids added at twice the rate of B), and B4 (biosolids added at four times the rate of B). Soil samples were collected at 0- to 0.1-, 0.1- to 0.2-, and 0.2- to 0.4-m depths. Biosolids were broadcast applied and incorporated into the soil to a depth of 0.2 m using a rotary hoe. The Oxisol had a high P-adsorption capacity (around 2450 mg kg(-1)) because of its high contents of clay and Fe and Al oxides. All the extractors were effective at assessing P availability and were positively correlated among themselves. Available P soil contents correlated positively with P content in maize leaves and grains, and the resin method yielded the highest correlation with P contents in leaves and grains.

Paper-Based Analytical Device for Electrochemical Flow-Injection Analysis of Glucose in Urine

This article describes a new design for a paper-based electrochemical system for flow injection analysis. Capillary wicking facilitates a gravity-driven flow of buffer solution continuously through paper and nitrocellulose, from a buffer reservoir at one end of the device to a sink at the other. A difference in height between the reservoir and the sink leads to a continuous and constant flow. The nitrocellulose lies horizontally on a working electrode, which consists of a thin platinum layer deposited on a solid support. The counter and reference electrodes are strategically positioned upstream in the buffer reservoir. A simple pipetting device was developed for reliable application of (sub)microliter volumes of sample without the need of commercial micropipets; this device did not damage the nitrocellulose membrane. Demonstration of the system for the determination of the concentration of glucose in urine resulted in a noninvasive, quantitative assay that could be used for diagnosis and monitoring of diabetes. This method does not require disposable test strips, with enzyme and electrodes, that are thrown away after each measurement Because of its low cost, this system could be used in medical environments that are resource-limited.

Effect of Plastic Deformation on the Excess Loss of Electrical Steel

The interpretation of the effect of plastic deformation on the calculated excess loss component (anomalous-loss) supports the concept of loss separation. Magnetic losses and Barkhausen noise of nonoriented electrical steel sheets were measured on Epstein strips taken from a single coil of 0.8% Si nonoriented electrical steel. Sheets were extracted in the annealed condition, without any skin pass and with a grain size of 18 mu m. This material was cold rolled in order to obtain sets of samples with true strain from 2% up to 29%. X-ray diffraction was used to estimate the dislocation density. The analysis of magnetic properties was performed by Barkhausen noise measurements and also by analyzing the hysteresis loops obtained from Epstein frame measurements for different inductions and different frequencies (including the quasi-static regime for hysteresis loss measurements). These data allowed us to observe that most of the well known total loss increase with plastic deformation is due to an increase in the hysteresis loss component, while excess loss decreases to become negligible. This behavior can be explained if it is assumed that the plastic deformation lead to an increase in the number of domain walls per unit volume, thereby decreasing the excess loss. Barkhausen peak area increases with plastic deformation, reproducing results taken from samples of different silicon content.

Stress amplifies lung tissue mechanics, inflammation and oxidative stress induced by chronic inflammation

Background: Mechanisms linking behavioral stress and inflammation are poorly understood, mainly in distal lung tissue. Objective: We have investigated whether the forced swim stress (FS) could modulate lung tissue mechanics, iNOS, cytokines, oxidative stress activation, eosinophilic recruitment, and remodeling in guinea pigs (GP) with chronic pulmonary inflammation. Methods: The GP were exposed to ovalbumin or saline aerosols (2x/wk/4wks, OVA, and SAL). Twenty-four hours after the 4th inhalation, the GP were submitted to the FS protocol (5x/wk/2wks, SAL-S, and OVA-S). Seventy-two hours after the 7th inhalation, lung strips were cut and tissue resistance (Rt) and elastance (Et) were obtained (at baseline and after OVA and Ach challenge). Strips were submitted to histopathological evaluation. Results: The adrenals' weight, the serum cortisol, and the catecholamines were measured. There was an increase in IL-2, IL-5, IL-13, IFN-gamma, iNOS, 8-iso-PGF2 alpha, and in %Rt and %Et after Ach challenge in the SAL-S group compared to the SAL one. The OVA-S group has had an increase in %Rt and %Et after the OVA challenge, in %Et after the Ach and in IL-4, 8-iso-PGF2 alpha, and actin compared to the OVA. Adrenal weight and cortisol serum were increased in stressed animals compared to nonstressed ones, and the catecholamines were unaltered. Conclusion & clinical relevance: Repeated stress has increased distal lung constriction, which was associated with an increase of actin, IL-4, and 8-iso-PGF2 alpha levels. Stress has also induced an activation of iNOS, cytokines, and oxidative stress pathways.

Development of enzymic time-temperature integrators with rapid detection for evaluation of continuous HTST pasteurization processes

The assessment of the thermal process impact in terms of food safety and quality is of great importance for process evaluation and design. This can be accomplished from the analysis of the residence time and temperature distributions coupled with the kinetics of thermal change, or from the use of a proper time-temperature integrator (TTI) as indicator of safety and quality. The objective of this work was to develop and test enzymic TTIs with rapid detection for the evaluation of continuous HTST pasteurization processes (70-85 degrees C, 10-60 s) of low-viscosity liquid foods, such as milk and juices. Enzymes peroxidase, lactoperoxidase and alkaline phosphatase in phosphate buffer were tested and activity was determined with commercial reflectometric strips. Discontinuous thermal treatments at various time-temperature combinations were performed in order to adjust a first order kinetic model of a two-component system. The measured time-temperature history was considered instead of assuming isothermal conditions. Experiments with slow heating and cooling were used to validate the adjusted model. Only the alkaline phosphatase TTI showed potential to be used for the evaluation of pasteurization processes. The choice was based on the obtained z-values of the thermostable and thermolabile fractions, on the cost and on the validation tests. (C) 2012 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.