Experience acquired in Europe in the integration and co-ordinated operations of national electric power networks

Includes bibliography

O Conselho Municipal de Educação: a participação da sociedade civil e os desafios da representação democrática nas deliberações das políticas educacionais para o município de Belém-Pa

Essa dissertação reflete sobre o papel que os conselhos de educação têm adquirido na gestão do setor educacional como uma alternativa de ampliação da participação da sociedade civil, buscando compreender os limites e as possibilidades que este espaço apresenta e se a relação contribui para a efetivação e ampliação dos direitos de cidadania. Procurou-se sistematizar as experiências de um conselho municipal de educação instituído por um governo progressista, e que se envolveu em um processo gradual de debates, embates e disputas entre a sociedade civil e o poder público que demandaram muitos desafios, entraves e possibilidades de se efetivar, no município de Belém, políticas públicas educacionais que, alicerçados em um movimento mais amplo de superação da cultura hegemônica imposta, propuseram e criaram ações alternativas, em contrapartida à política educacional implementada através do Ministério da Educação no governo de Fernando Henrique Cardoso (1993 a 2002).Assim, procuramos investigar neste estudo, o Conselho Municipal de Educação de Belém/PA, considerando, a participação e o controle social na construção do espaço público nas relações entre o poder público e a sociedade civil, visando compreender as possibilidades e os limites deste no processo de consolidação de ações institucionais inovadoras na gestão pública. Tomamos como pressuposto a idéia de que os Conselhos, na intermediação entre Estado e sociedade, traduzem idéias e concepções mais amplas de educação e de sociedade que, em cada momento histórico, influenciam a dinâmica das políticas educacionais em pauta. Desse modo, justifica-se a preocupação relacionada às possibilidades dos conselhos ampliarem o debate de forma mais democrática, acerca do conjunto de mudanças a que vem se submetendo os diversos segmentos sociais, principalmente os mais subalternizados, objetivando contribuir para uma interlocução cada vez maior com os usuários das políticas sociais públicas. A dimensão política da representatividade foi também objeto de reflexão, seja pela necessidade de se avaliar a sua legitimidade e a direção dada às discussões, bem como os limites da representação delegada.

Representações sociais sobre a Aids e a Terapia Anti-Retroviral: influências no tratamento de pessoas vivendo com HIV/Aids

Com o advento da Terapia Anti -Retroviral, a Aids assumiu características de doença crônica, em especial nos países onde o acesso aos medicamentos é efetivamente garantido. O Brasil é tomado como modelo por possuir um programa que tem dado boas respostas à epidemia. Em novembro de 1996, foi promulgada, pelo Sistema Único de Saúde (SUS), a lei que dispõe sobre a obrigatoriedade do acesso gratuito a todos os que necessitarem de medicamentos anti -retrovirais. Os resultados obtidos com o tratamento – a redução progressiva da carga viral e a manutenção e/ou restauração do funcionamento do sistema imunológico – têm sido associados a benefícios marcantes na saúde física das pessoas soropositivas e permitido que elas retomem e concretizem seus projetos de vida. Porém, o acesso universal aos medicamentos que possibilita o tratamento para portadores do HIV gratuitamente ainda enfrenta problemas de adesão. Em uma compreensão mais restrita, adesão pode ser definida como o comportamento de uma pessoa – tomar remédio, seguir uma dieta ou fazer mudanças no estilo de vida – que corresponde às recomendações da equipe de saúde. Nesse contexto, esse estudo se propõe a analisar as representações sociais de sujeitos soropositivos sobre o tratamento anti-retroviral e suas implicações no processo de adesão a este tratamento, caracterizando as imagens e os sentidos que estes sujeitos soropositivos que aderiram ou não aderiram à terapia anti -retroviral possuem sobre este tipo de tratamento e as implicações na sua vida, destacando as objetivações e as ancoragens que compõem suas representações sociais. A metodologia foi pautada nas formulações teóricas sobre pesquisa qualitativa, priorizando -se a entrevista no enfoque do Método de Explicitação do Discurso Subjacente (MEDS), realizadas na Unidade de Referência em Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias Especiais (UREDIPE), vinculada à Secretaria de Estado de Saúde do estado do Pará (SESPA) e no Hospital Universitário João de Barros Barreto (HUJBB), mais especificamente na Clinica de Doenças Infecciosas e Parasitárias (DIP).

Mucopolysaccharidosis I, II, and VI: brief review and guidelines for treatment

Mucopolysaccharidoses (MPS) are rare genetic diseases caused by the deficiency of one of the lysosomal enzymes involved in the glycosaminoglycan (GAG) breakdown pathway. This metabolic block leads to the accumulation of GAG in various organs and tissues of the affected patients, resulting in a multisystemic clinical picture, sometimes including cognitive impairment. Until the beginning of the XXI century, treatment was mainly supportive. Bone marrow transplantation improved the natural course of the disease in some types of MPS, but the morbidity and mortality restricted its use to selected cases. The identification of the genes involved, the new molecular biology tools and the availability of animal models made it possible to develop specific enzyme replacement therapies (ERT) for these diseases. At present, a great number of Brazilian medical centers from all regions of the country have experience with ERT for MPS I, II, and VI, acquired not only through patient treatment but also in clinical trials. Taking the three types of MPS together, over 200 patients have been treated with ERT in our country. This document summarizes the experience of the professionals involved, along with the data available in the international literature, bringing together and harmonizing the information available on the management of these severe and progressive diseases, thus disclosing new prospects for Brazilian patients affected by these conditions.

Produção de anticorpos monoclonal murino dirigido contra a PBP2a do S. aureus resistente a meticilina

Pós-graduação em Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento (Biotecnologia Médica) - FMB

Progressive recovery of a tropical deforested stream community after a flash flood

AIM: In this study, we evaluated and compared community attributes from a tropical deforested stream, located in a pasture area, in a period before (PRED I) and three times after (POSD I, II, and III) a flash flood, in order to investigate the existence of temporal modifications in community structure that suggests return to conditions previous to the flash flood. METHODS: Biota samples included algae, macrophytes, macroinvertebrates, and fish assemblages. Changes in stream physical structure we also evaluated. Similarity of the aquatic biota between pre and post-disturbance periods was examined by exploratory ordination, known as Non-Metric Multidimensional Scaling associated with Cluster Analysis, using quantitative and presence/absence Bray-Curtis similarity coefficients. Presence and absence data were used for multivariate correlation analysis (Relate Analysis) in order to investigate taxonomic composition similarity of biota between pre and post-disturbance periods. RESULTS: Our results evidenced channel simplification and an expressive decrease in richness and abundance of all taxa right after the flood, followed by subsequent increases of these parameters in the next three samples, indicating trends towards stream community recovery. Bray-Curtis similarity coefficients evidenced a greater community structure disparity among the period right after the flood and the subsequent ones. Multivariate correlation analysis evidenced a greater correlation between macroinvertebrates and algae/macrophytes, demonstrating the narrow relation between their recolonization dynamics. CONCLUSIONS: Despite overall community structure tended to return to previous conditions, recolonization after the flood was much slower than that reported in literature. Finally, the remarkably high flood impact along with the slow recolonization could be a result of the historical presence of anthropic impacts in the region, such as siltation, riparian forest complete depletion, and habitat simplification, which magnified the effects of a natural disturbance.

Recurrent genomic alterations in sequential progressive leukoplakia and oral cancer: drivers of oral tumorigenesis?

A significant proportion (up to 62) of oral squamous cell carcinomas (OSCCs) may arise from oral potential malignant lesions (OPMLs), such as leukoplakia. Patient outcomes may thus be improved through detection of lesions at a risk for malignant transformation, by identifying and categorizing genetic changes in sequential, progressive OPMLs. We conducted array comparative genomic hybridization analysis of 25 sequential, progressive OPMLs and same-site OSCCs from five patients. Recurrent DNA copy number gains were identified on 1p in 20/25 cases (80) with minimal, high-level amplification regions on 1p35 and 1p36. Other regions of gains were frequently observed: 11q13.4 (68), 9q34.13 (64), 21q22.3 (60), 6p21 and 6q25 (56) and 10q24, 19q13.2, 22q12, 5q31.2, 7p13, 10q24 and 14q22 (48). DNA losses were observed in 20 of samples and mainly detected on 5q31.2 (35), 16p13.2 (30), 9q33.1 and 9q33.29 (25) and 17q11.2, 3p26.2, 18q21.1, 4q34.1 and 8p23.2 (20). Such copy number alterations (CNAs) were mapped in all grades of dysplasia that progressed, and their corresponding OSCCs, in 70 of patients, indicating that these CNAs may be associated with disease progression. Amplified genes mapping within recurrent CNAs (KHDRBS1, PARP1, RAB1A, HBEGF, PAIP2, BTBD7) were selected for validation, by quantitative real-time PCR, in an independent set of 32 progressive leukoplakia, 32 OSSCs and 21 non-progressive leukoplakia samples. Amplification of BTBD7, KHDRBS1, PARP1 and RAB1A was exclusively detected in progressive leukoplakia and corresponding OSCC. BTBD7, KHDRBS1, PARP1 and RAB1A may be associated with OSCC progression. Proteinprotein interaction networks were created to identify possible pathways associated with OSCC progression.

Dysregulation of Anti-Inflammatory Annexin A1 Expression in Progressive Crohns Disease

Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

A phylogenetic analysis of Pseudopaludicola (Anura) providing evidence of progressive chromosome reduction

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Proposed method for agglutinating antibody titer analysis and its use as indicator of acquired immunity in pacu, Piaractus mesopotamicus

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Molecular analysis of community-acquired methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus isolated from skin and soft tissue infections, Botucatu Medical School, Brazil

Community acquired methicillin Staphylococcus aureus (CA-MRSA) was first reported in 1981, infecting people without risk factors. These strains harbor the Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome mec (SCCmec) type IV, which contains the mecA gene codifying for methicillin resistance. CA-MRSA strains usually carry PVL (Panton-Valentine Leukocidin), a virulence factor responsible for tissue invasion, causing systemic infections and leading to serious complications. The aims of this work were to detect the mecA gene, SCCmec characterization and to detect the PVL gene of the S. aureus strains isolated from patients diagnosed with skin and soft tissue infections attending the Dermatology Service, of the Botucatu Medical School, Brazil. Among 127 collected samples, 66 (51.9%) were S. aureus and, from these, 7 (10.6%) harbored mecA gene, 3 (42%) with cassette type IV, and none of these samples carried the PVL gene, but it was detected in 10 (15.1%) samples of S. aureus methicillin sensitive (MSSA). Our study suggests the S. aureus strains that harbor PVL gene and MRSA are present in the community as important pathogens.

Using Threads to Overcome Synchronization Delays in Parallel Multiple Progressive Alignment Algorithms

Sao Paulo State Research Foundation-FAPESP

Tratamiento de la deformidad facial causada por la hiperplasia condilar: relato de caso

The condylar hyperplasia is an acquired development anomaly, rare, characterized by an excessive and progressive growing, affecting neck, condilar head, body and the mandible bough, provoking an important facial asymmetry. In the article we present a case of male patient, 22-years-old, reclaiming of painful sintomatology in the region of temporomandibular joint and severe facial asymmetry. It was instituted an orthodontic-surgical treatment by means of orthognathic combined surgery and high condilectomy. After six years of post-surgical controlling, the patient is now in a good shape, without recurrence of facial asymmetry and condylar hyperplasia.

Periapical Repair Following Endodontic Surgery: Two- andThree-Dimensional Imaging Evaluation Methods

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Diabetes triggers the loss of tooth structure associated to radiographical and histological dental changes and its evolution to progressive pulp and periapical lesions in rats

The aim of this study was to evaluate the putative influence of diabetes without metabolic control in the loss of tooth structure as well as histological changes in dentin and pulp tissue in rats. Diabetes was induced in Wistar rats (n=25) by intravenous administration of alloxan (42mg/kg). Diabetic and non-diabetic control rats were evaluated at 1, 3, 6, 9 and 12 months of follow-up. In order to evaluate the presence and progression of dental caries and periapical lesions, hemimandibles were removed and submitted to radiographical, histological, and morphometrical procedures. Dental caries were detected after radiographical and histological evaluations in diabetic group from the third month of diabetes onset, increasing gradually in frequency and severity in periods. Diabetic rats dental pulps also presented significant reduction in volume density of collagen fibers and fibroblasts at third month, parallel with a trend towards the increase in inflammatory cells volume density. Diabetic rats presented a generalized pulp tissue necrosis after 6 months of diabetes induction. Moreover, periapical lesions were not detected in control group, while these lesions were observed in all rats after 3, 6, 9, and 12 months of diabetes induction. Uncontrolled diabetes seems to trigger the loss of tooth structure, associated to histological dental changes and mediates its evolution to progressive severe pulp and periapical lesions in rats. Therefore, diabetes may be considered a very important risk factor regarding alterations in dental pulp, development of dental caries, and periapical lesions.