[Ohne Titel, Berlin].

Deaths of mother and father; memories of early childhood in Vienna; Anschluss in 1938; arrest of mother, father and grandmother; flight with family to Belgium; internment of father; flight of father to England; attempted flight through France after German invasion of Belgium; return to Belgium; arrest of author with sister; escape to Ardennes; work with resistance; end of war; reunion with mother and grandmother in Brussels; life in Belgium after the war; illegal voyage to Israel; marriage; pregnancy; work in clinic; work in kibbutz; birth of child; commencement of psychoanalysis.

Remembering the Peel Island Lazaret through re-imagining the Teerk Roo Ra forest

This paper discusses my current research which aims to re-member the site of the Peel Island Lazaret through re-imagining the Teerk Roo Ra forest as a series of animated artworks. Teerk Roo Ra National Park (formally known as Peel Island) is a small island in Moreton Bay, Queensland and is visible on the ferry journey from Cleveland to Stradbroke Island. The island has an intriguing history, and is the site of a former Lazaret and quarantine station. The Lazaret treated patients diagnosed with Hansen���s disease (or Leprosy), and operated between 1907 and 1959. In this paper I will discuss conceptions of the non-indigenous historical context of the Peel Island Lazaret and the notion of the liminal state (Turner,1967). Through this discussion conceptions of place from Australian cultural theorist Ross Gibson are also examined. The concept of two overlapping realms is then explored through the clues and shared stories about the people who inhabited the site. There is then an explanation of my own approach to re-member this place through re-imagining the forest that witnessed the events of the Lazaret. I then draw on theories of the uncanny from German Psychiatrist Ernst Jentsch, Austrian Neurologist Sigmund Freud and South African animation theorist Meg Rickards to argue that my experience of the forest of Teerk Roo Ra was an uncanny experience where two worlds or states of mind existed simultaneously and overlapped, causing a viscerally unsettling uncanny experience. Through an analysis of Czech Surrealist Animator Jan ��vankmajer���s cinematic narrative Down to the cellar (1982), my creative work Structure #24(2011), and Australian Artist Patricia Piccinini���s cinematic artwork The Gathering (2007), I discuss the situation of the inanimate and the animate co-existing simultaneously. Using this approach I propose an understanding of the uncanny as an intellectual uncertainty as outlined by Jentsch (1906). I also develop the notion of the familiar being concealed and becoming unfamiliar through mimicry (Freud, 1919). These discussions form an introduction to my creative work Nocturne #5(2014) which re-members the forests of Teerk Roo Ra as an uncanny place primarily expressed through animation.

Q-evankeliumi ja psykohistoria : Uuden testamentin eksegetiikan v��it��skirja

In the course of my research for my thesis The Q Gospel and Psychohistory, I moved on from the accounts of the Cynics ideals to psychohistorical explanations. Studying the texts dealing with the Cynics and the Q Gospel, I was amazed by the fact that these texts actually portrayed people living in greater poverty than they had to. I paid particular attention to the fact that the Q Gospel was born in traumatising, warlike circumstances. Psychiatric traumatology helped me understand the Q Gospel and other ancient documents using historical approaches in a way that would comply with modern behavioural science. Even though I found some answers to the questions I had posed in my research, the main result of my research work is the justification of the question: Is it important to ask whether there is a connection between the ethos expressed by means of the religious language of the Q Gospel and the predominantly war-related life experiences typical to Palestine at the time. As has been convincingly revealed by a number of studies, traumatic events contribute to the development of psychotic experiences. I approached the problematic nature, significance and complexity of the ideal of poverty and this warlike environment by clarifying the history of psychohistorical literary research and the interpretative contexts associated with Sigmund Freud, Jacques Lacan and Melanie Klein. It is justifiable to question abnormal mentality, but there is no reliable return from the abnormal mentality described in any particular text to the only affecting factor. The popular research tendency based on the Oedipus complex is just as controversial as the Oedipus complex itself. The sociological frameworks concerning moral panics and political paranoia of an outer and inner danger fit quite well with the construction of the Q Gospel. Jerrold M. Post, M.D., Professor of Psychiatry, Political Psychology and Interna-tional Affairs at George Washington University, and founder and director of the Center for the Analysis of Personality and Political Behavior for the Central Intelligence Agency, has focused on the role played by charisma in the attracting of followers and detailed the psychological styles of a "charismatic" leader. He wrote the books Political Paranoia and Leaders and Their Followers in a Dangerous World: the Psychology of Political Behavior among others. His psychoanalytic vocabulary was useful for my understanding of the minds and motivations involved in the Q Gospel s formation. The Q sect began to live in a predestined future, with the reality and safety of this world having collapsed in both their experience and their fantasies. The deep and clear-cut divisions into good and evil that are expressed in the Q Gospel reveal the powerful nature of destructive impulses, envy and overwhelming anxiety. Responsible people who influenced the Q Gospel's origination tried to mount an ascetic defense against anxiety, denying their own needs, focusing their efforts on another objective (God s Kingdom) and a regressive, submissive earlier phase of development (a child s carelessness). This spiritual process was primarily an ecclesiastic or group-dynamical tactic to give support to the power of group leaders.

Ruumis ja rauta : esseit�� esineiden sosiaalisuudesta

"Body and Iron: Essays on the Socialness of Objects" focuses on the bodily-material interaction of human subjects and technical objects. It poses a question, how is it possible that objects have an impact on their human users and examines the preconditions of active efficacy of objects. In this theoretical task the work relies on various discussions drawing from realistic ontology, phenomenology of body, neurophysiology of Antonio Damasio and psychoanalysis to establish both objects and bodies as material entities related in a causal interaction with each other. Out of material interaction emerge a symbolic field, psyche and culture that produce representations of interactions with material world they remain dependent on and conditioned by. Interaction with objects informs the human body via its somatosensory systems: interoseptive and proprioseptive (or kinesthetic) systems provide information to central nervous system of the internal state of the body and muscle tensions and motor activity of the limbs. Capability to control the movements of one's body by the internal "feel" of being a body turns out to be a precondition to the ability to control artificial extensions of the body. Motor activity of the body is involved in every perception of environment as the feel of one's own body is constitutive of any perception of external objects. Perception of an object cause changes in the internal milieu of the body and these changes in the organism form a bodily representation of an external object. Via these "muscle images" the subject can develop a feel for an instrument. Bodily feel for an object is pre-conceptual, practical knowledge that resists articulation but allows sensing the world through the object. This is what I would call sensual knowledge. Technical objects intervene between body and environment, transforming the relation of perception and motor activity. Once connected to a vehicle, human subject has to calibrate visual information of his or her position and movement in space to the bodily actions controlling the machine. It is the machine that mediates the relation of human actions to the relation of her body to its environment. Learning to use the machine necessarily means adjusting his or her bodily actions to the responses of the machine in relation to environmental changes it causes. Responsiveness of the machine to human touch "teaches" its subject by providing feedback of the "correctitude" of his or her bodily actions. Correct actions form a body technique of handling the object. This is the way of socialness of objects. While responding to human actions they generate their subjects. Learning to handle a machine means accepting the position of the user in the program of action materialized in the construction of the object. Objects mediate, channel and transform the relation of the body to its environment and via environment to the body itself according to their material and technical construction. Objects are sensory media: they channel signals and information from the environment thus constituting a representation of environment, a virtual or artificial reality. They also feed the body directly with their powers equipping their user with means of regulating somatic and psychic states of her self. For these reasons humans look for the company of objects. Keywords: material objects, material culture, sociology of technology, sociology of body, mobility, driving

Psykoterapian vaikutusten arvioiminen : Keskustelunanalyttinen tutkimus arviointihaastattelun k��yt��nteist��

In the field of psychiatry semi-structured interview is one of the central tools in assessing the psychiatric state of a patient. In semi-structured interview the interviewer participates in the interaction both by the prepared interview questions and by his or her own, unstructured turns. It has been stated that in the context of psychiatric assessment interviewers' unstructured turns help to get focused information but simultaneously may weaken the reliability of the data. This study examines the practices by which semi-structured psychiatric interviews are conducted. The method for the study is conversation analysis, which is both a theory of interaction and a methodology for its empirical, detailed analysis. Using data from 80 video-recorded psychiatric interviews with 16 patients and five interviewers it describes in detail both the structured and unstructured interviewing practices. In the analysis also psychotherapeutic concepts are used to describe phenomena that are characteristic for therapeutic discourse. The data was received from the Helsinki Psychotherapy Study (HPS). HPS is a randomized clinical trial comparing the effectiveness of four forms of psychotherapy in the treatment of depressive and anxiety disorders. A total of 326 patients were randomly assigned to one of three treatment groups: solution-focused therapy, short-term psychodynamic psychotherapy, and long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy. The patients assigned to the long-term psychodynamic psychotherapy group and 41 patients self-selected for psychoanalysis were included in a quasi-experimental design. The primary outcome measures were depressive and anxiety symptoms, while secondary measures included work ability, need for treatment, personality functions, social functioning, and life style. Cost-effectiveness was determined. The data were collected from interviews, questionnaires, psychological tests, and public health registers. The follow-up interviews were conducted five times during a 5-year follow-up. The study shows that interviewers pose elaborated questions that are formulated in a friendly and sensitive way and that make relevant patients' long and story-like responses. When receiving patients' answers interviewers use a wide variety of different interviewing practices by which they direct patients' talk or offer an understanding of the meaning of patients' response. The results of the study are two-fold. Firstly, the study shows that understanding the meaning of mental experiences requires interaction between interviewer and patient. It is stated that therefore semi-structured interview is both relevant and necessary method for collecting data in psychotherapy outcome study. Secondly, the study suggests that conversation analysis, enriched with psychotherapeutic concepts, offers methodological possibilities for psychotherapy process research, especially for process-outcome paradigm.

Humanitaarisuuden varjossa : Poliittiset tekij��t lastensiirroissa Ruotsiin sotiemme aikana ja niiden j��lkeen

The evacuation of Finnish children to Sweden during WW II has often been called a small migration . Historical research on this subject is scarce, considering the great number of children involved. The present research has applied, apart from the traditional archive research, the framework of history-culture developed by R��sen in order to have an all-inclusive approach to the impact of this historical event. The framework has three dimensions: political, aesthetic and cognitive. The collective memory of war children has also been discussed. The research looks for political factors involved in the evacuations during the Winter War and the Continuation War and the post-war period. The approach is wider than a purely humanitarian one. Political factors have had an impact in both Finland and Sweden, beginning from the decision-making process and ending with the discussion of the unexpected consequences of the evacuations in the Finnish Parliament in 1950. The Winter War (30.11.1939 13.3.1940) witnessed the first child transports. These were also the model for future decision making. The transports were begun on the initiative of Swedes Maja Sandler, the wife of the resigned minister of foreign affairs Rickard Sandler, and Hanna Rydh-Munck af Rosensch��ld , but this activity was soon accepted by the Swedish government because the humanitarian help in the form of child transports lightened the political burden of Prime Minister Hansson, who was not willing to help Finland militarily. It was help that Finland never asked for and it was rejected at the beginning. The negative response of Minister Juho Koivisto was not taken very seriously. The political forces in Finland supporting child transports were stronger than those rejecting them. The major politicians in support belonged to Finland��s Swedish minority. In addition, close to 1 000 Finnish children remained in Sweden after the Winter War. No analysis was made of the reasons why these children did not return home. A committee set up to help Finland and Norway was established in Sweden in 1941. Its chairman was Torsten Nothin, an influential Swedish politician. In December 1941 he appealed to the Swedish government to provide help to Finnish children under the authority of The International Red Cross. This plea had no results. The delivery of great amounts of food to Finland, which was now at war with Great Britain, had automatically caused reactions among the allies against the Swedish imports through Gothenburg. This included the import of oil, which was essential for the Swedish navy and air force. Oil was later used successfully to force a reduction in commerce between Sweden and Finland. The contradiction between Sweden��s essential political interests and humanitarian help was solved in a way that did not harm the country��s vital political interests. Instead of delivering help to Finland, Finnish children were transported to Sweden through the organisations that had already been created. At the beginning of the Continuation War (25.6.1941 27.4.1945) negative opinion regarding child transports re-emerged in Finland. Karl-August Fagerholm implemented the transports in September 1941. In 1942, members of the conservative parties in the Finnish Parliament expressed their fear of losing the children to the Swedes. They suggested that Finland should withdraw from the inter-Nordic agreement, according to which the adoptions were approved by the court of the country where the child resided. This initiative failed. Paavo Virkkunen, an influential member of the conservative party Kokoomus in Finland, favoured the so-called good-father system, where help was delivered to Finland in the form of money and goods. Virkkunen was concerned about the consequences of a long stay in a Swedish family. The risk of losing the children was clear. The extreme conservative party (IKL, the Patriotic Movement of the Finnish People) wanted to alienate Finland from Sweden and bring Finland closer to Germany. Von Bl��cher, the German ambassador to Finland, had in his report to Berlin, mentioned the political consequences of the child transports. Among other things, they would bring Finland and Sweden closer to each other. He had also paid attention to the Nordic political orientation in Finland. He did not question or criticize the child transports. His main interest was to increase German political influence in Finland, and the Nordic political orientation was an obstacle. Fagerholm was politically ill-favoured by the Germans, because he had a strong Nordic political disposition and had criticised Germany��s activities in Norway. The criticism of child transports was at the same time criticism of Fagerholm. The official censorship organ of the Finnish government (VTL) denied the criticism of child transports in January 1942. The reasons were political. Statements made by members of the Finnish Parliament were also censored, because it was thought that they would offend the Swedes. In addition, the censorship organ used child transports as a means of active propaganda aimed at improving the relations between the two countries. The Finnish Parliament was informed in 1948 that about 15 000 Finnish children still remained in Sweden. These children would stay there permanently. In 1950 the members of the Agrarian Party in Finland stated that Finland should actively strive to get the children back. The party on the left (SKDL, the Democratic Movement of Finnish People) also focused on the unexpected consequences of the child transports. The Social Democrats, and largely Fagerholm, had been the main force in Finland behind the child transports. Members of the SKDL, controlled by Finland��s Communist Party, stated that the war time authorities were responsible for this war loss. Many of the Finnish parents could not get their children back despite repeated requests. The discussion of the problem became political, for example von Born, a member of the Swedish minority party RKP, related this problem to foreign policy by stating that the request to repatriate the Finnish children would have negative political consequences for the relations between Finland and Sweden. He emphasized expressing feelings of gratitude to the Swedes. After the war a new foreign policy was established by Prime Minister (1944 1946) and later President (1946 1956) Juho Kusti Paasikivi. The main cornerstone of this policy was to establish good relations with the Soviet Union. The other, often forgotten, cornerstone was to simultaneously establish good relations with other Nordic countries, especially Sweden, as a counterbalance. The unexpected results of the child evacuation, a Swedish initiative, had violated the good relations with Sweden. The motives of the Democratic Movement of Finnish People were much the same as those of the Patriotic Movement of Finnish People. Only the ideology was different. The Nordic political orientation was an obstacle to both parties. The position of the Democratic Movement of Finnish People was much better than that of the Patriotic Movement of Finnish People, because now one could clearly see the unexpected results, which included human tragedy for the many families who could not be re-united with their children despite their repeated requests. The Swedes questioned the figure given to the Finnish Parliament regarding the number of children permanently remaining in Sweden. This research agrees with the Swedes. In a calculation based on Swedish population registers, the number of these children is about 7 100. The reliability of this figure is increased by the fact that the child allowance programme began in Sweden in 1948. The prerequisite to have this allowance was that the child be in the Swedish population register. It was not necessary for the child to have Swedish nationality. The Finnish Parliament had false information about the number of Finnish children who remained in Sweden in 1942 and in 1950. There was no parliamentary control in Finland regarding child transports, because the decision was made by one cabinet member and speeches by MPs in the Finnish Parliament were censored, like all criticism regarding child transports to Sweden. In Great Britain parliamentary control worked better throughout the whole war, because the speeches regarding evacuation were not censored. At the beginning of the war certain members of the British Labour Party and the Welsh Nationalists were particularly outspoken about the scheme. Fagerholm does not discuss to any great extent the child transports in his memoirs. He does not evaluate the process and results as a whole. This research provides some possibilities for an evaluation of this sort. The Swedish medical reports give a clear picture of the physical condition of the Finnish children when arriving in Sweden. The transports actually revealed how bad the situation of the poorest children was. According to Titmuss, similar observations were made in Great Britain during the British evacuations. The child transports saved the lives of approximately 2 900 children. Most of these children were removed to Sweden to receive treatment for illnesses, but many among the healthy children were undernourished and some suffered from the effects of tuberculosis. The medical inspection in Finland was not thorough. If you compare the figure of 2 900 children saved and returned with the figure of about 7 100 children who remained permanently in Sweden, you may draw the conclusion that Finland as a country failed to benefit from the child transports, and that the whole operation was a political mistake with far-reaching consequenses. The basic goal of the operation was to save lives and have all the children return to Finland after the war. The difficulties with the repatriation of the children were mainly psychological. The level of child psychology in Finland at that time was low. One may question the report by Professor Martti Kaila regarding the adaptation of children to their families back in Finland. Anna Freud��s warnings concerning the difficulties that arise when child evacuees return are also valid in Finland. Freud viewed the emotional life of children in a way different from Kaila: the physical survival of a small child forces her to create strong emotional ties to the person who is looking after her. This, a characteristic of all small children, occurred with the Finnish children too, and it was something the political decision makers in Finland could not see during and after the war. It is a characteristic of all little children. Yet, such experiences were already evident during the Winter War. The best possible solution had been to limit the child transports only to children in need of medical treatment. Children from large and poor families had been helped by organising meals and by buying food from Denmark with Swedish money. Assisting Finland by all possible means should have been the basic goal of Fagerholm in September 1941, when the offer of child transports came from Sweden. Fagerholm felt gratitude towards the Swedes. The risks became clear to him only in 1943. The war children are today a rather scattered and diffuse group of people. Emotionally, part of these children remained in Sweden after the war. There is no clear collective memory, only individual memories; the collective memory of the war children has partly been shaped later through the activities of the war child associations. The main difference between the children evacuated in Finland (for example from Karelia to safer areas with their families) and the war children, who were sent abroad, is that the war children lack a shared story and experience with their families. They were outsiders . The whole matter is sensitive to many of such mothers and discussing the subject has often been avoided in families. The war-time censorship has continued in families through silence and avoidance and Finnish politicians and Finnish families had to face each other on this issue after the war. The lack of all-inclusive historical research has also prevented the formation of a collective awareness among war children returned to Finland or those remaining permanently abroad.. Knowledge of historical facts will help war-children by providing an opportunity to create an all-inclusive approach to the past. Personal experiences should be regarded as part of a large historical entity shadowed by war and where many political factors were at work in both Finland and Sweden. This means strengthening of the cognitive dimension discussed in R��sen��s all-inclusive historical approach.

After interpretation.

Using 58 audio recorded sessions of psychoanalysis (coming from two analysts and three patients) as data and conversation analysis as method, this paper shows how psychoanalysts deal with patients��� responses to interpretations. After the analyst offers an interpretation, the patient responds: at that point (in the ���third position���), the analysts recurrently modify the tenor of the description from what it was in the patients��� responses. They intensify the emotional valence of the description, or they reveal layers of the patients��� experience other than those that the patient reported. Both are usually accomplished in an implicit, non-marked way, and they discreetly index possible opportunities for the patients to modify their understandings of the initial interpretation. Although the patients usually do not fully endorse these modifications, the data available suggests that during the sessions that follow, the participants do work with the aspects of patients��� experience that the analyst highlighted. In discussion, it is suggested that actions that the psychoanalysts produce in therapy, such as choices of turn design in third position, may be informed by working understanding of the minds and mental conflicts of individual patients, alongside the more general therapeutic model of mind they hold to.

Zorros m��rke : Manligt identitetsbygge i Per Pettersons roman "Jeg forbanner tidens elv"

Avhandlingens syfte ��r att belysa hur portr��tten av jagber��ttaren Arvid och hans mor v��xer fram i Per Pettersons roman Jeg forbanner tidens elv. Det paradigm jag utg��r ifr��n ��r det psykoanalytiska. F��rutom texter av Sigmund Freud och Jacques Lacan st��der jag mig p�� texter av Peter Brooks och Terry Eagleton. F��r en tolkning av Arvids s��tt att ber��tta sin historia anv��nder jag mig av James Phelans tankar kring den op��litliga ber��ttaren . Analysen bygger p�� en n��rl��sning av romanen och n��gra av de intertexter som f��rekommer i den. Av dessa ��r s��rskilt myten om kung Oidipus samt ber��ttelsen om Zorro centrala f��r f��rst��elsen av Arvids personlighet och hur den manliga identiteten byggs. Andra centrala intertexter som granskas n��rmare ��r Erich Maria Remarques roman Triumfb��gen och Somerset Maughams roman Den vassa eggen. Portr��ttet av mor belyses indirekt via den funktion hon har i Arvids ber��ttelse. Arvids portr��tt analyseras ur tv�� olika perspektiv. I uppsatsens f��rsta del, Romanbygget , unders��ker jag hur romanen ��r uppbyggd och hur bilden av Arvid formas genom vad han ber��ttar om sin mor, sitt liv, sin bakgrund och sina uppv��xt��r. Det perspektiv som Konung Oidipus i Freuds tolkning av det antika dramat ger, lyfter, som en nyckel in i romanen, fram dynamiken mellan Arvid, mor och den ��vriga familjen. I romanen d��das far i psykisk bem��rkelse, han blir medvetet f��raktad och f��rbisedd som manlig f��rebild och identifikationsobjekt. Arvids fixering vid mor g��r att han ser sig sj��lv med hennes ��gon. Ocks�� br��derna f��r sin gestalt som rivaler i kampen om mor. I ljuset av den oidipala problematiken framh��ller jag Arvids ol��sta relation till familjemedlemmarna som den avg��rande orsaken till Arvids misslyckanden i livet och hans of��rm��ga att forma en fungerande och stabil vuxenidentitet. Men jag f��resl��r ocks�� en tidig, omedveten fadersidentifikation, symboliserad av Zorro och Zorros magiska m��rke, som i sublimeringen eventuellt finner sin l��sning i en dr��m om att bli f��rfattare. I uppsatsens andra del Ber��ttarr��sten unders��ker jag Arvids s��tt att ber��tta utg��ende ifr��n Phelans tankar kring den op��litliga ber��ttaren . Jag analyserar n��gra centrala avsnitt i romanen med avseende p�� hur ber��ttarr��stens och den implicita f��rfattarens framst��llningar ��verensst��mmer eller skiljer sig ifr��n varandra. I min l��sning ��r Arvid en komplext p��litlig och op��litlig ber��ttare. Arvid framh��ller i sin ber��ttelse och i sina ��terblickar ett tillr��ttalagt och i n��gon m��n f��rsk��nat portr��tt av sig sj��lv, en livsl��gn vars uppl��sning enligt min mening antyds i de avslutande kapitlen. F��r min f��rst��else av psykoanalysens teori och hur den kan till��mpas i litteraturforskningen ��r Ludwig Wittgensteins tankar om bildens anv��ndning centrala. I avsnittet om Zorro tar jag kortfattat upp fr��gan hur psykoanalytisk litteraturtolkning kan leda vilse i form av ��vertolkning, det vill s��ga att analysen ��verg��r i fantasi. En annan m��jlig felk��lla som jag lyfter fram i analysen ��r att romanen tolkas av en svenskspr��kig l��sare som eventuellt l��ser in andra nyanser i den norska texten, ��n vad f��rfattaren avsett. Jag tar ocks�� upp fr��gan om Arvid i Pettersons tidigare produktion och huruvida det ��r fr��gan om en fortg��ende ber��ttelse om Arvid Jansen under olika livsbetingelser. Mitt intryck ��r att det inte ��r fr��ga om ett enhetligt personportr��tt utan olika fr��gest��llningar som modelleras ur samma material.

Shifting the perspective after the patient's response to an interpretation

Psychoanalytic interpretation is normally understood as a sequence of two utterances: the analyst gives an interpretation and the patient responds to it. This paper suggests that, in the interpretative sequence, there is also a third utterance where psychoanalytic work takes place. This third interpretative turn involves the analyst���s action after the patient���s response to the interpretation. Using conversation analysis as method in the examination of audio-recorded psychoanalytic sessions, the paper will explicate the psychoanalytic work that gets done in third interpretative turns. Through it, the analyst takes a stance towards the patient���s understandings of the interpretation, which are shown in the patient���s response to the interpretation. The third interpretative turns on one hand ratify and accept the patient���s understandings, but, in addition to that, they also introduce a shift of perspective relative to them. In most cases, the shift of perspective is implicit but sometimes it is made explicit. The shifts of perspective bring to the foreground aspects or implications of the interpretation that were not incorporated in the patient���s response. They recast the description of the patient���s experience by showing new layers or more emotional intensity in it. The results are discussed in the light of Faimberg���s concept of listening to listening and Schlesinger���s concept of follow-up interpretation.

Entrevista a Michael Eigen : el h��lito de la fe

"El Dr. Michael Eigen es psicoterapeuta, senior member y analista did��ctico de la National Psychological Association for Psychoanalysis. Ha publicado m��s de una veintena de libros. Es reconocido mundialmente por su voz innovadora, a la vez trascendente y encarnada, profundamente comprometida con las problem��ticas actuales. Con 79 a��os, es profesor en el programa de posdoctorado de psicoterapia y psicoan��lisis de la universidad de Nueva York. Supervisa y ejerce la cl��nica en un peque��o consultorio frente al Central Park, donde a su vez dicta seminarios sobre Bion, Winnicott y Lacan hace m��s de 35 a��os. Ha sido editor del Psychoanalitic Review y ha desempe��ado cargos en diversas instituciones. Su ��ltima publicaci��n, Faith, es una refinada amalgama entre la experiencia y la novedad, entre lo conceptual y lo po��tico..."

Sapientia, 1996, Vol. LI, n�� 200 (n��mero completo)

Contenido: Del acto de ser a la acci��n moral / Gustavo Eloy Ponferrada ��� La dignidad humana desde una perspectiva metaf��sica / Abelardo Lobato ��� Ser y no ser en el sofista de Plat��n / Ra��l Echauri ��� Feminismo y tercer milenio / Mar��a Fernanda Balmaseda Cinquina -- ��La filosof��a como amor del saber o saber efectivo? / Bernard Schumacher ��� Karl Popper y su cr��tica al verificacionismo de Freud / Horacio M. S��nchez Parodi ��� Moral virtue and contemplation : a note on the unity of the moral life / David M. Gallagher ��� El titular de la autoridad pol��tica en Santo Tom��s y Rousseau / Avelino Manuel Quintas ��� La dignidad del hombre y la dignidad de la persona / Eudaldo Forment ��� Ensayo de s��ntesis acerca de la distinci��n especulativo-pr��ctico y su estructuraci��n metodol��gica / Carlos Ignacio Massini Correas ��� Conocimiento del alma despu��s de la muerte : presentaci��n de la doctrina de Santo Tom��s de Aquino expuesta en las Quaestiones disputatae de veritate Q. 19 A. 1 / Luis Rodrigo Ewart -- Sufrimiento y humildad ontol��gica : Kant y Schopenhauer / Francisco Torralba Rosell�� ��� Significaci��n contempor��nea de las nociones de experiencia y derecho natural seg��n Santo Tom��s de Aquino / Jorge Mart��nez Barrera ��� Contemplaci��n filos��fica y contemplaci��n m��stica en San Buenaventura / Ignacio E. M. Andereggen ��� Sul duplice fine del matrimonio secondo la doctrina tomista / Horst Seidl ��� La concepci��n del espacio en la f��sica de Santo Tom��s de Aquino / Mario Enrique Sacchi ��� Notas y comentarios -- Bibliograf��a

Revista de Psicolog��a, 2006, Vol. 2 N��4 (n��mero completo)

La subjetividad como definici��n ontol��gica del campo psi; repercusiones en la construcci��n de la psicolog��a / Fernando Luis Gonz��lez Rey -- Notas para una reformulaci��n de la epistemolog��a junguiana. Segunda Parte / Bernardo Nante -- Surgimiento de la psicolog��a como ciencia natural en Estados Unidos / Hugo Klappenbach -- Consideraciones filos��ficas sobre el amor a s�� mismo en la obra de Freud / Juan Pablo Roldan -- Alteraciones cognitivas en personas con Par��lisis Cerebral / Ignacio Montero -- Estudio de las diferencias de los Contenidos entre hombres y mujeres de la poblaci��n italiana en las diez L��minas Rorscharch / Roberto Cicioni ; Mart�� Aguil�� Usart ; Vito Rocco Genzano -- Motivaci��n, nivel socio-econ��mico y proyecto educativo / Stella Maris V��zquez -- Recensiones bibliogr��ficas

Ciencia y subjetividad

Resumen: El art��culo aborda el problema de la cientificidad de la psicolog��a en su relaci��n con la subjetividad. Al mismo que tiempo que todo conocimiento se funda en la depuraci��n de lo subjetivo, la psicolog��a tiene a la subjetividad como uno de sus objetos. El autor explora esta situaci��n paradojal, particular de la ciencia psicol��gica, desde el punto de vista del psicoan��lisis y del cognitivismo, haciendo un balance de sus historias y fundamentos respectivos.

Analysis of Spanish text-thesaurus as a complex network

[EN]Based on the theoretical tools of Complex Networks, this work provides a basic descriptive study of a synonyms dictionary, the Spanish Open Thesaurus represented as a graph. We study the main structural measures of the network compared with those of a random graph. Numerical results show that Open-Thesaurus is a graph whose topological properties approximate a scale-free network, but seems not to present the small-world property because of its sparse structure. We also found that the words of highest betweenness centrality are terms that suggest the vocabulary of psychoanalysis: placer (pleasure), ayudante (in the sense of assistant or worker), and regular (to regulate).