Aspectos ecológicos da tripanossomíase americana: XV - desenvolvimento, variação e permanência de Triatoma sordida, Panstrongylus megistus e Rhodnius neglectus em ecótopos artificiais

Em colônias de Triatoma sordida, Panstrongylus megistus e Rhodnius neglectus, espontaneamente desenvolvidas em galinheiros experimentais, observou-se as condições de desenvolvimento, bem como a variação e a permanência de seus componentes. A colonização e dispersão de T. sordida é favorecida em ambiente aberto resultante da instalação de pastagens com conseqüente proliferação de árvores isoladas e secas. O desenvolvimento de colônias de P. megistus ocorre em ambiente coberto na íntima proximidade de matas residuais, admitindo-se que os anexos domiciliares lhes sirvam de pontos de atração. O R. neglectus revelou certo grau de domiciliação aliado à capacidade de dispersão que lhe permite atravessar distâncias apreciáveis. O primeiro semestre do ano parece incluir a época infestante das colônias de T. sordida revelada pela maior produção de adultos e ninfas de primeiro estádio. O papel de visitantes observado para algumas ninfas dessa espécie, permite supor do poder de dispersão dessas formas.

Ocorrência no Brasil de Thiara (Melanoides) tuberculata (O.F. Muller, 1774) (Gastropoda, Prosobranchia), primeiro hospedeiro intermediário de Clonorchis sinensis (Cobbold, 1875) (Trematoda, Plathyhelmintes)

Relata-se a introdução em nosso meio de Thiara (Melanoides) tuberculata possivelmente anterior a 1967, quando pela primeira vez foi coletada em Santos. Essa espécie pode comportar-se como primeiro hospedeiro intermediário de Paragonimus westermani e de Clonorchis sinensis. Somente o último trematódeo tem alguma possibilidade de vir a parasitar o homem, em nosso meio.

Operational modal monitoring of ancient structures using wireless technology

Operational Modal Analysis is currently applied in structural dynamic monitoring studies using conventional wired based sensors and data acquisition platforms. This approach, however, becomes inadequate in cases where the tests are performed in ancient structures with esthetic concerns or in others, where the use of wires greatly impacts the monitoring system cost and creates difficulties in the maintenance and deployment of data acquisition platforms. In these cases, the use of sensor platforms based on wireless and MEMS would clearly benefit these applications. This work presents a first attempt to apply this wireless technology to the structural monitoring of historical masonry constructions in the context of operational modal analysis. Commercial WSN platforms were used to study one laboratory specimen and one of the structural elements of a XV century building in Portugal. Results showed that in comparison to the conventional wired sensors, wireless platforms have poor performance in respect to the acceleration time series recorded and the detection of modal shapes. However, for frequency detection issues, reliable results were obtained, especially when random excitation was used as noise source.

Aspectos económico-sociais da Lisboa do século XV estudados apartir da propriedade régia

Revista da Faculdade de Ciências Sociais e Humanas, N.1(1980)

Roedores silvestres como modelos experimentais da esquistossomose mansônica: Akodon arviculoides (Rodentia: Cricetidae)

A infecção experimental do A. arviculoides através de diferentes vias de penetração das cercárias de Schistosoma mansoni (transcutânea e subeutânea) foi estudada pela cinética de eliminação de ovos nas fezes, pela recuperação dos vermes adultos (no sistema porta e nos vasos mesentéricos) e pelo oograma quantitativo. Demonstrou-se que a infecção do A. arviculoides assemelha-se à dos camundongos albinos que serviram de controle, quanto a eficácia das vias de penetração, ao habitat dos vermes adultos e ao oograma. Esses resultados sugerem que se avaliem outros aspectos da relação parasito-hospedeiro para que o A. arviculoides possa ser indicado como modelo experimental alternativo, nos estudos sobre a esquistossomose.

Lethality of triatomines (Hemiptera: Reduviiae), vectors of Chagas' disease, feeding on blood baits containing synthetic insecticides, under laboratory conditions

A laboratory study was conducted to test the toxicity of synthetic insecticides added to defibrinated sheep blood kept at room temperature and offered as food to the following triatomine species: Triatoma infestans, Panstrongylus megistus, Triatoma vitticeps, Triatoma pseudomaculata, Triatoma brasiliensis and Rhodnius prolixus. The insecticides used, at a concentration of 1g/l, were: HCH, DDT, Malathion and Trichlorfon, and the lethalithy observed at the end of a 7-day period varied according to the active principle of each. HCH was the most effective by the oral route, killing 100% of the insects, except P. megistus (95.7%) and T. pseudomaculata (94.1%). Trichlorfon killed the insects at rates ranging from 71.8% (T. vitticeps) to 98% (R. prolixus). Malathion was slightly less efficient, killing the insects at rates from 56.8% (T. vitticeps) to 97% (T.brasiliensis). DDT was the least effective, with a killing rate of 10% (T. vitticeps) to 75% (T.brasiliensis). Since the tests were performed at room temperature, we suggest that baits of this type should be tried for the control of triatomines in the field.

Evocação literária de Jorge Luis Borges

Comentário da figura e obra de Jorge Luis Borges, e da sua relação com a música e as tradições de Buenos Aires.

Lethal effect of a bait for Rhodnius prolixus (Hemiptera: Reduviidae), the vector of Chagas' disease, containing hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH), under laboratory conditions

The lethal effect of a bait containing an aqueous hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) suspension at the concentration of 1g/l and maintained at room temperature was studied in the laboratory over a period of 12 weeks. The suspension was placed in a latex bag hanging inside a 1000-ml beaker tightly covered with nylon netting, and left there with no changes for 85 days. Sixteen groups of R. prolixas bugs, consisting on average of 30 specimens each, were successively exposed to the bait and observed at different intervals for one week each. The mortality rate was 100% for all groups, except for the 16th, whose mortality rate was 96.7%. As the groups succeeded one another, mortality started to occur more rapidly and was more marked at the 6- and 24-h intervals. Later tests respectively started at 6:00 a.m. and 6:00 p.m. showed that diurnal and nocturnal periodicity in the offer of food had no effect on mortality. First- and 2nd- instar nymphs and adults male were more sensitive and 5th- instar nymphs were more resistant to the active principle of the bait.

"Gente" na Expansão portuguesa: gestão de recursos humanos nos séculos XV e XVI

Dissertação apresentada para cumprimento dos requisitos necessários à obtenção do grau de Mestre em História e Arqueologia da Expansão e dos Descobrimentos Portugueses.

A casa de São Lázaro de Lisboa : contributos para uma história das atitudes face à doença (Séc. XIV e XV)

Dissertação de Mestrado em História Medieval

Comparative study on the localization of adult Schistosoma mansoni worms in albino mice anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, ether or chlorophorm

The effect of anesthetic drugs on the localization of adult worms in albino mice was compared. The animals with 56 days of infection were anesthetized with pentobarbital sodium, ether or chlorophorm. Perfusion was carried out immediately after, recovering the worms and classifying them in relation to their localization on the liver or portal vein and the mesenteric veins. Our results showed that pentobarbital sodium produced a greater displacement of the worms to the liver (89%) than ether (76%) and chlorophorm (34%) did, when compared to the control group (22%). The difference between pentobarbital sodium and ether was significant (p < 0.05). We suggest that anesthetic drugs may not be used in studies on the distribution of adult worms in several hosts.

Evaluation of the resistance to Schistosoma mansoni infection in Nectomys squamipes (Rodentia: Cricetidae), a natural host of infection in Brazil

The development of resistance in three stages throughout an active infection (pre-ovular, acute and initial chronic stages) was studied, comparing the total number of adult worms recovered from the reinfected group and the control groups. It was shown that Nectomys squamipes was unable to develop resistance in the tested conditions and, on the other hand, reinfection in the pre-ovular period of the parasite led the rodent to present the phenomenonacilitation, with reduction of natural resistance and an increase in the parasite load. These results suggest the existence of other forms of immunity diverse from the concomitant immunity in the host-parasite relationship, according to the employed model.

A morte em Lisboa na Idade Média. Contributo arqueológico (séculos XII a XV)

Tese de Doutoramento em História, especialidade de Arqueologia