999 resultados para Instrumentos de planejamento em saúde


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O objetivo do estudo foi apresentar a utilização da filosofia de arquivos abertos, aliada aos instrumentos de gestão da qualidade, PDCA e 5S, como um dos pilares para a gestão da segurança e saúde no trabalho (SST). O método de pesquisa se constituiu no levantamento bibliográfico, juntamente com uma sessão de entrevistas com 23 profissionais ligados à gestão da SST, que permitiu o delineamento do grau de acesso e a percepção destes sobre a informação científica. A análise qualitativa e quantitativa dos questionários apontou a iniciativa de arquivos abertos, por meio da utilização de repositórios digitais de informações, como um instrumento de apoio à gestão da segurança e saúde no trabalho, bem como identificou a necessidade do desenvolvimento de políticas de incentivo à geração e compartilhamento do capital intelectual entre a comunidade em questão encorajando a construção de um repositório digital na área de SST, visando sobretudo à preservação da integridade física e mental do trabalhador. Constatou-se que a carência de informações disponíveis na área em questão ainda é uma barreira para a gestão do conhecimento organizacional, no sentido de promover o desenvolvimento do trabalho seguro e saudável nas organizações.

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A Faculdade de Medicina de Marília (Famema) utiliza metodologias ativas de ensino-aprendizagem, e sua organização curricular é orientada ao desenvolvimento de competência profissional e a um processo avaliativo critério-referenciado. Esta pesquisa tem por objetivo elaborar indicadores para avaliar o processo de ensino-aprendizagem nos âmbitos da gestão e da saúde coletiva, baseados na adaptação da proposta de Conferência de Consenso e descrever o caminho percorrido nessa elaboração. Com base na análise dos documentos institucionais que explicitavam o planejamento das atividades (cadernos de organização das séries) e nos critérios, formatos e instrumentos da avaliação nas diferentes séries e cenários de aprendizagem (Manual de Avaliação), foi elaborada a primeira matriz de indicadores, que continha a proposta curricular para o alcance da aprendizagem que embasara a análise dos especialistas e a realização da Conferência. Tal metodologia possibilitou entender, ampliar e aprofundar a avaliação nessas áreas específicas, o que poderá orientar a implementação das alterações curriculares necessárias, com ênfase em uma avaliação da aprendizagem comprometida com o processo formativo.

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OBJETIVOS: estimar a prevalência de depressão puerperal (DP) sua associação com transtorno mental comum (TMC) nas mulheres atendidas por duas unidades do Programa de Saúde da Família (PSF) da cidade de São Paulo e identificar os fatores de risco associados à DP. MÉTODOS: estudo de corte transversal com 70 puérperas atendidas nas Unidades do PSF, Fazenda da Juta II e Jardim Sinhá, entre outubro de 2003 e fevereiro de 2004. Como instrumentos utilizaram-se: questionário com informações sociodemográficas econômicas e dados obstétricos e perinatais; Self-Report Questionnaire 20 (SRQ-20), para rastreamento de TMC e a Edinburgh Post-Natal Depression Scale (EPDS), para avaliação de DP. Para testar as associações entre variáveis explicativas (fatores de risco) e a presença de DP foram utilizados os testes t de Student, chi2 e chi2 de tendência linear, quando indicados. Para avaliar a concordância entre a EPDS e o SRQ foi utilizado o coeficiente de concordância kappa (kapa). RESULTADOS: a prevalência de TMC e de DP foi de 37,1%. As escalas apresentaram boa concordância (kapa = 0,75). As variáveis explicativas idade materna, cor, escolaridade, ocupação e estado civil, além de idade, ocupação e instrução do companheiro, renda familiar, número de gestações, paridade, abortamentos, filhos vivos, partos prematuros, idade gestacional, tipo do parto, planejamento da gestação, Apgar de 1º e 5º minuto, sexo e peso do recém-nascido e aleitamento materno não apresentaram significância estatística. Quanto maior a percepção de suporte social do marido, menor a prevalência de DP (p=0,03). CONCLUSÃO: devido à alta prevalência e impacto negativo sobre a mãe e seu filho, é valioso sensibilizar o profissional de saúde para a importância da DP.

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O objetivo deste estudo foi descrever, os hábitos de vida, o estado nutricional, o perfil de crescimento e a aptidão física referenciada à saúde de estudantes das escolas da Rede Pública Municipal de Ensino de Porto Alegre (RS), com intuito de fornecer subsídios para o planejamento de Educação Física e Esportes na Escola. A amostra foi constituída de 1.173 estudantes dos dois sexos com idades entre 7 e 14 anos. Para coleta de informações referente aos hábitos de vida, foi utilizado o Inventário Estilo de Vida na Infância e Adolescência – EVIA (Sobral, 1992) adaptado por Torres e Gaya (1997). O perfil de crescimento foi determinado a partir das medidas de massa corporal e estatura. Para o estado nutricional, foram utilizadas massa corporal, estatura e idade, avaliados através do software PED. Para a aptidão física referenciada à saúde, foram aplicados os testes de corrida/caminhada 9 minutos, "sentar-e-alcançar", abdominal (sit-up’s) e IMC. Para análise dos dados foi utilizado estatística descritiva e inferencial. A primeira através de valores absolutos e percentuais, média, desvio padrão e erro padrão da média; e a segunda, através do Qui- quadrado, teste t independente, teste t para amostra única, ANOVA com tratamento Post-Hoc de Scheffé. Para todas as análises foi adotado o nível de significância de 5%. Os dados foram tratados a partir do programa SPSS 10.0 Os resultados permitem as seguintes considerações gerais: Quanto aos hábitos de vida, nossos alunos apresentam características predominantemente sedentárias; a participação sociocultural, a prática esportiva sistematizada e a dança se consubstanciam num fato incomum. Relativamente às atividades cotidianas, foi possível observar diferenças significativas entre o gênero sexual. Os dados sobre o estado nutricional, demonstram que a maioria dos alunos encontram-se em condições normais (eutróficos). No entanto, há, simultaneamente, um número significativo de crianças e adolescentes com déficit nutricional e com sobrepeso e obesidade. Considerando o perfil de crescimento os estudantes apresentaram em ambos os sexos resultados superiores aos de referência (NCHS). Quanto a aptidão física relacionada à saúde, constata-se carência no seu perfil quanto aos critérios mínimos de boa saúde.

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Este trabalho estuda o tema da qualidade na prestação de serviços em saúde por meio da análise da experiência observada em um hospital geral de grande complexidade, vinculado à comunidade israelita da Cidade de S.Paulo. O estudo parte da observação de 6 (seis) modelos implantados em várias unidades do hospital, por iniciativas de administradores e profissionais de saúde que constituem o corpo funcional das mesmas. A história do hospital é de crescente incorporação de tecnologia de alta complexidade em saúde. A partir de determinado ponto de sua existência, detectou-se internamente um movimento de preocupação de garantia e promoção da qualidade dos serviços prestados.

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Historia, em linhas gerais, a formação de Sistema de Saúde, no Brasil, e o desenvolvimento da Assistência ao Escolar, no Estado de são Paulo. Descreve o Sistema de Atendimento elaborado para organizar o atendimento médico a escolares das redes estadual e municipais de ensino, do Estado de são Paulo, por meio da ação integrada de instituições dos setores saúde e educação, a nível de município. Menciona a atuação de um professor, especialmente treinado para observar aspectos da saúde de escolares. Apresenta dados de avaliação relativos à abrangência do Sistema, encaminhamento e atendimento de escolares. Tece alguns comentários sobre fatores que facilitaram ou dificultaram a implantação e execução desse Sistema.

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This research studies the relation between city and nature in the urbanity s plans from Natal RN, Brazil, during the 20th century. Investigates and analyses the main documents that bring environmental s ideas inside from the urbanity s plans of Natal; gives the historical and economical situation from the city in each period studied; features the urbanity s plans, using categories of analyses to comprehension of this instruments. Try to contribute in the bigger process of historical rescue of Natal, and stimulates new studies. It was used documental s research, and bibliographic material. It was identified four (04) kinds of plans: the ones that focus in health and aesthetic (1901, 1929, 1935) technology and science (1968), zoning and control (1974, 1984) and environment. The hints founded shows that environmental ideas were put inside of the plans by government demands, especially in 1994 s plan, almost always without popular contribution and without this population get understands its meanings and implications

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During the ninth century, owing to the process of industrialization, new social conflicts were showed, forcing the Government not to remain inert. The necessity of answer to these new demands requires from the State some actions that assure the new economic, cultural and social rights, able to exceed the formal equality, according to the principles of redistributive equality and well-being. Among the social rights, the right to health is showed up, which is placed at the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and the International Treaty for the Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as a necessary term to promote the dignity and the free development of the human personality. Under the Constitutional Law, it is clear that the implementation of the right to health, placed at the 6th article of the Brazilian Constitution, demands a government activity, which usually requires a provision of material goods, depending on budgetary resources. The Legislative and Executive Branches have a very important role in compliance with the constitutional regulations about the satisfactory offer of health care services, besides the correct use of the resources at this area. The adoption of public policies is the way of Government action to the planning and realization of this right. Though, some public policies are usually made apart from the social compromises, to the detriment of the basic social rights. The government has a discretionary competence to manage the health services. That is the reason it is necessary the control of the political choices, through the popular control, the extrajudicial control by the Account Courts, or the judicial review. Owed to the constitutionalization of social rights, the constitutional justice has a very relevant role, concerning to the constitutional jurisdiction, in a way the Judiciary Branch assume your position as a player that transforms the society. On the control of the public health policies, there is a cast of official instruments, judicial or not, to the guarantee of the collective right to the public health services, and to allow the citizens to reach the real implementation of the right to health

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According to demographic estimates, by the year 2025 Brazil will be the sixth country in the world in number of elderly. For this reason, it is a purpose of public policies to help people to reach that age being healthier. The current health care model of health surveillance through the Family Health Strategy (EFS, in portuguese) is configured as a gateway into the care of the elderly in the Unified Health System (SUS, in portuguese). It is also an area of development of practices to promote health, prevention and control of chronic nondegenerative diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze the health care of the elderly provided by ESF professionals for the achievement of a full care. The study is descriptive case study with a quantitative approach, performed in the city of Santo Antônio/RN. The population included all health professionals, who are FHS members of the city that agreed to participate of the survey, a total of 80 professionals. Data were collected using a structured questionnaire, having mostly closed questions and divided into two parts: one containing sociodemographic information of health professionals and vocational training and the other, the activities carried on by the professionals in senior care, being analyzed from a database tabulated in a spreadsheet and discussed according to the descriptive statistics in tables, graphs and charts using frequencies, medians and values of central tendency. It was verified a predominance of professionals who finished highschool, mostly female, aged from 30 to 34 years old, with training completed in the last 10 years, without being graduated in the field of geriatrics or gerontology and mostly without training in gerontology. Family members and caregivers were the components of the social support network most identified by the professionals (66.3%).The elderly access to the Family Health Basic Unit was considered by83.8% of professionals as the most important factor that interferes in the activities of health care of the elderly. Considering the inclusion of the family in care: 98.8% of professionals consider the family as one of the goals of care, but 82.5% assist the family to know their role and participate in the care of the elderly, emphasizing that no professional makes use of tools for evaluating the functionality of the family. Regarding the actions taken to assist the elderly, 91.25% have home visits program to the elderly, 88.75% use the host program; 77.5% know the habits of life, cultural, ethical and religious values of the elderly, their families and their community ;51.25% complement the activities through intersectoral actions, 50%participate in groups of living with the elderly; 33.75% keeps track and maintain updated the health information of the elderly; 11.25% of the professionals perform the Single Therapy Planning (PTS, in portuguese) and few implement the actions to promote health according to PTS; there is a deficit in the number of professional categories in the identification and monitoring of the frail older people in their households. It is concluded that the health care of the elderly developed by ESF professionals differs among the professional categories. It was identified weaknesses in the promotion of an active and healthy aging and also in the establishment of an integrated and full care of the elderly. It is recommended the adoption of permanent educational activities by the City Management, initially for ESF professionals in the the perspective of the guidelines of the National Policy of Health Care for the Elderly and later to the other professionals that are part of the health care network of the elderly, at all levels of care in the city for the development of strategies and practices that promote the improvement of the quality of healthcare for the elderly, expecting concrete and effective results in terms of promoting health within Brazilian reality

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Considering education a support to health promotion, care integration and citizenship formation,the purpose of this research was to analyze the perception of the oral surgeons from the Family Health Program of Natal-RN over education in health as well as their performance as educators based on their activities on the program. A qualitative study was accomplished by a semi-structured interview and a Free Association of Words Test with 80 oral surgeons from the Family Health Program of Natal-RN. The instruments were analyzed through the meaning analysis and the Central Nucleus of Vergès Theory. The results showed a lack of planning in health actions so there is no standardization on the educative practices done by the oral surgeons which mostly are focused on scholars. There was an agreement among the group according to the oral surgeons´ perception about education in health that education is related to its function of recall prevention ideas to the population. Most part of the context units analyzed by the professionals´ speech show the knowledge of education in health as an inadequate behavior change instrument of the individuals. An interesting point was a quotation cited by some professionals that included actual themes such as citizenship, motivation and life quality, put inside the speech of education in health. To the oral surgeons the biggest difficulties on the development of the educative actions are due to the lack of incentive by the Municipal Health Bureau and to the detachment and lack of valorization of the themes by the population. The oral surgeons consider themselves co-responsible for the formation of a population which is able to request its health. They also mention the knowledge about the need of the community participation on the planning of the Family Health Program actions. Finally, it is notable the need for more encouragement so the oral surgeons can be more capable and have more interest in applying education in health on the perspective of a new model in health, because once capable and stimulated they can awake the population to education importance as a great transformation instrument for people searching for a fair, equalitarian and citizeness society

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Among planning instruments used by manager instances of Brazilian Health System it pointed the Health Municipal Plan (PMS) that should be built collectively showing political intentions, directresses, priorities, objectives, goals framework, estimative of resources and need costs to get the goals of the health sector. The aim of this work was to analyze the plans in relation to attendance of legal requirements which manage the Brazilian Health System, its constitution and showing of essential items. The study included three municipalities form São Paulo State. It was used the documental analysis as research technique. Near all plans showed an analysis of situation with detailed descriptions of general situation of municipality, and only one of them realized critical analysis of their epidemiological data; the financial income applied on health was decrypted by only one municipality. About programming, all municipalities described the main problems and its solutions. Although they had goals framework, the question about cost estimative to get the goals was not approached. Any municipality showed an annual review, being one of them delayed over than two years. It was observed no participation of Municipal Health Council on elaboration and review of plans. It was concluded that there was a deficiency in the plans analyzed. It's necessary to execute continuing education with managers in relation to importance of systematic elaboration of plans and to incentive the promotion of active participation of Municipal Health Council promotion of aiming to became true the social control of health actions.

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)