Pitahaya aging diagnostic by impedance/capacitance spectroscopy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Classification of intact açai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) and jucara (Euterpe edulis Mart) fruits based on dry matter content by means of near infrared spectroscopy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Mapping of clay, iron oxide and adsorbed phosphate in Oxisols using diffuse reflectance spectroscopy

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Paleometry: a brand new area in brazilian science

Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

Uso da espectroscopia do infravermelho próximo (NIR) como método não destrutivo para a discriminação de aguardentes de cana-de-açúcar produzidas no Estado de São Paulo e Minas Gerais, e predição do teor de etanol

Pós-graduação em Alimentos e Nutrição - FCFAR

Análise de materiais para sistemas de fechamento ósseo através da caracterização superficial e comportamento mecânico

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEB

Caracterização de juntas soldadas em PAW e GTAW de chapas finas em aço maraging 300 submetidas a vários reparos

Pós-graduação em Engenharia Mecânica - FEG

Estimativa do número de frutos verdes em laranjeiras com o uso de imagens digitais

Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

Ex vivo torsional properties of the Targon Vet Nail System in canine femurs: comparison with the 2.4 mm LC-DCP Plate

Pós-graduação em Cirurgia Veterinária - FCAV

Efeito do Ácido Ascórbico em melões 'Orange Flesh' minimamente processados

The aim of this work was to evaluate the application of different concentrations of ascorbic acid on Orange Flesh melon. Whole Melons were sanifi ed with 500 mg L-1 of sodium hypochlorite for 10 minutes and the cuts into cubes with 100 mg L-1 for 1 minute before being tested under different concentrations of ascorbic acid (0, 1, 2 and 3%) in immersion at room temperature for 10 minutes. After drainage, the cuts were packed in PET packages lined with polyethylene fi lm of 18 µm and stored at 5 ± 1°C and 85 ± 5% of RH for 8 days, being evaluated every 2 days. Physicochemical, microbiological and sensorial analyses were performed. The experimental design utilized for the experiment was the completely randomized in factorial scheme. Ten replicates were used for non-destructive analyses and 3 replicates were used for destructive ones. The application of ascorbic acid reduced the loss of mass; the fruits presented a low population of psychrotrophic bacterias, fi lamentous, fungi and yeasts, reduction of soluble solids, pH and fi rmness and, consequently, extended postharvest life of the fruits by 2 days. The appearance, fl avor and taste were also affected. The application of 1% of ascorbic acid was the best treatment for the fresh cuts “Orange Flesh” melons.

Eficiência energética da produção de café orgânico na região sul de Minas Gerais

In this study, organic coffee production systems energy efficiency was estimate. So, an itinerary technical was built since the deployment phase up to the organic coffee production. The inputs used (labor, machine hours, pesticides, fertilizers, etc.) converted into energy units, quantified the energy input, while the production of organic coffee beans benefited was constituted the energy output. Data collection was based on an intentional and non-probabilistic sampling. Nine farmers were interviewed whose main source of income was the coffee production and had keep records of the culture data. The balances were positive, with an energy yield of 626.465MJ.ha-1, compared to an energy expenditure of 112.998MJ.ha-1 during the crop cycle. It is concluded that organic coffee production is energy efficient.

Application of dendrogeomorphology on the study of soil sediment deposition in the stems of Guarea guidonea trees in a disturbed riparian forest in Goias state, Brazil

The sediments resulting of natural or anthropic erosion are deposited on the soil surface and around the trunks of trees occurring in riparian forests. For assessment of the erosion, tree-rings of roots and stems were analyzed. Guarea guidonea trees from a riparian forest affected by the sedimentation of soil erosion from pastures and soybean fields in state of Goias were selected. Wood samples were extracted through a non-destructive method at three heights from trunks of trees located in three positions (top, middle and bottom) of a riparian slope. The evaluation revealed a deposition of a thick sediment layer up to 34 cm around the base of tree trunks during the past 24 years. The inter-correlations between the tree-rings widths present in wood samples at the base and at 50 and 100 cm from Guarea guidonea tree trunks presented low, medium and high values. These values resulted from the low tree-rings distinctiveness in the wood; the absence of some rings as well as the eccentricity of the pith. The analyses of dendrogeomorphology allowed the determination of the date of seed germination and tree growth and inference on the periods of sediment deposition in the trunk of the trees.

DETERMINATION OF THE E/G RATIO OF WOOD LOGS USING TRANSVERSE VIBRATION

The Bernoulli's model for vibration of beams is often used to make predictions of bending modulus of elasticity when using dynamic tests. However this model ignores the rotary inertia and shear. Such effects can be added to the solution of Bernoulli's equation by means of the correction proposed by Goens (1931) or by Timoshenko (1953). But to apply these corrections it is necessary to know the E/G ratio of the material. The objective of this paper is the determination of the E/G ratio of wood logs by adjusting the analytical solution of the Timoshenko beam model to the dynamic testing data of 20 Eucalyptus citriodora logs. The dynamic testing was performed with the logs in free-free suspension. To find the stiffness properties of the logs, the residue minimization was carried out using the Genetic Algorithm (GA). From the result analysis one can reasonably assume E/G = 20 for wood logs.

A palaeobiologist's guide to 'virtual' micro-CT preparation

This paper provides a brief but comprehensive guide to creating, preparing and dissecting a 'virtual' fossil, using a worked example to demonstrate some standard data processing techniques. Computed tomography (CT) is a 3D imaging modality for producing 'virtual' models of an object on a computer. In the last decade, CT technology has greatly improved, allowing bigger and denser objects to be scanned increasingly rapidly. The technique has now reached a stage where systems can facilitate large-scale, non-destructive comparative studies of extinct fossils and their living relatives. Consequently the main limiting factor in CT-based analyses is no longer scanning, but the hurdles of data processing (see disclaimer). The latter comprises the techniques required to convert a 3D CT volume (stack of digital slices) into a virtual image of the fossil that can be prepared (separated) from the matrix and 'dissected' into its anatomical parts. This technique can be applied to specimens or part of specimens embedded in the rock matrix that until now have been otherwise impossible to visualise. This paper presents a suggested workflow explaining the steps required, using as example a fossil tooth of Sphenacanthus hybodoides (Egerton), a shark from the Late Carboniferous of England. The original NHMUK copyrighted CT slice stack can be downloaded for practice of the described techniques, which include segmentation, rendering, movie animation, stereo-anaglyphy, data storage and dissemination. Fragile, rare specimens and type materials in university and museum collections can therefore be virtually processed for a variety of purposes, including virtual loans, website illustrations, publications and digital collections. Micro-CT and other 3D imaging techniques are increasingly utilized to facilitate data sharing among scientists and on education and outreach projects. Hence there is the potential to usher in a new era of global scientific collaboration and public communication using specimens in museum collections.

Bending stiffness evaluation of Teca and Guajara lumber through tests of transverse and longitudinal vibration

The grading of structural lumber besides contributing for increasing the structure's safety, due to the reduction of the material variability, also allows its rational use. Due to the good correlation between strength and bending stiffness, the latter has been used in estimating the mechanical strength of lumber pieces since the 60's. For industrial application, there are equipment and techniques to evaluate the bending stiffness of lumber, through dynamic tests such as the longitudinal vibration technique, also known as stress wave, and the transverse vibration technique. This study investigated the application of these two techniques in the assessment of the modulus of elasticity in bending of Teca beams (Tectona grandis), from reforestation, and of the tropical species Guajara (Micropholis venulosa). The modulus of elasticity estimated by dynamic tests showed good correlation with the modulus measured in the static bending test. Meantime, we observed that the accuracy of the longitudinal vibration technique was significantly reduced in the evaluation of the bending stiffness of Teca pieces due to the knots existing in this species.