The compatibility of earth-based repair mortars with rammed earth substrates

3rd Historic Mortars Conference, 11-14 September 2013, Glasgow, Scotland

Caracterização dos beneficiários do Programa De volta para casa de Belo Horizonte/MG/Brasil quanto à autonomia e comportamento social

RESUMO: INTRODUÇÃO E OBJETIVOS: Trata-se de estudo transversal descritivo, em etapa única, cujo objetivo foi traçar o perfil dos beneficiários do Programa De volta para casa (PVC), munícipes de Belo Horizonte / Minas Gerais / Brasil, quanto ás habilidades de vida independente (autonomia) e comportamento social. MÉTODO: O universo inicial de beneficiários era de 210, em julho de 2013, data de aprovação do protocolo. Por questões operacionais, o público-alvo considerado e estudado foi de 121 beneficiários. Foram utilizados como instrumentos as escalas Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS) e Social Behavior Scale (SBS). Foi feita a análise estatística dos dados e os resultados foram analisados à luz do paradigma emergente de produção social da saúde. RESULTADOS: Considerando o total válido estudado de 121 beneficiários, os resultados revelaram que 82,4% apresentam diagnóstico de esquizofrenia e 62% eram do sexo masculino. Apresentaram média de idade de 57,9 anos e tempo médio de internação psiquiátrica antes de inserção no programa de 30,9 anos. Quanto à autonomia, os resultados da ILSS revelaram uma média global de 1,6 sendo que os melhores índices foram alcançados nos subitens Cuidados pessoais (2,69), Alimentação (2,53), Saúde (2,07) e os piores índices foram encontrados nos subitens Emprego (0,47), Lazer (0,86) e Preparo e armazenamento de alimentos (0,98). Quanto aos problemas no comportamento social, os resultados da SBS revelaram uma média global de 0,69 sendo que as áreas de maiores dificuldade foram: Rir ou falar sozinho (40,5%), Incoerência da fala (29%), Auto-cuidado precário e Pouca atividade (ambas com 25,6% cada). As áreas de menores dificuldades, ainda quanto à SBS, foram: Idéias suicidas 92,4%), Comportamento sexual inapropriado (7,4%) e Depressão (9,9%). CONCLUSÃO: Concluiu-se que o perfil dos beneficiários do PVC, quanto à autonomia e aos problemas de comportamento social, aponta para médias relativamente baixas. O desafio para o enfrentamento desta questão deverá considerar estratégias múltiplas de ação à luz do paradigma emergente de saúde e da reabilitação psicossocial que priorize o empoderamento e protagonismo do beneficiário. É necessário o desenvolvimento de outros estudos que ampliem o evidenciamento desta clientela no que tange às suas reais necessidades e potencialidades para que se possa efetivar o ajuste necessário para a legitimação do programa enquanto ação efetivo-eficaz de promoção de saúde.-------------ABSTRACT: descriptive cross-sectional study in a single stage was conducted to investigate independent living skills and social behavior profile of beneficiaries of Programa De Volta para casa (PVC) who live in Belo Horizonte/Minas Gerais/Brazil. METHODS: The target population included a total of 210 individuals in july 2013, when the study was approved by the ethics committees. Because of operational reasons only 121 individuals were evaluated. Data were collected using the Independent Living Skills Survey (ILSS) and the Social Behavior Scale (SBS). Statistical results were analyzed considering as a reference framework both the emerging paradigm of social health production. RESULTS: Considering a sample of 121 individuals, results revealed that 82.4% were diagnosed with schizophrenia, and 62% were male. The mean age was 57.9 years and the mean stay in the psychiatric hospital prior to PVC was 30.9 years. Independent living skills measured by ILSS revealed a global mean of 1.6, and the best scores were in the following subscales: personal care (2.69), feeding (2.53) and health (2.07). On the other hand, the worst scores were in the following subscales: employment (0.47), leisure (0.86) and food preparation (0.98). Impairment of social functioning measured by SBS revealed a global mean of 0.69, and the best scores were in the following subscales: laughing and talking by itself (40.5%), conversation: incoherence (29%), appearance and personal hygiene (25.6%), and idleness (25.6%). The worst scores were in the following subscales: suicidal ideations (92.4%), improper sexual behavior (7.4%), and depression (9.9%). CONCLUSION: It was concluded that the profile of PVC beneficiaries, regarding their autonomy and their problems of social behavior, points to a relatively low average. The challenge of facing this issue should consider multiple strategies of intervention that prioritizes the empowerment and leadership of the beneficiaries, based on the emerging paradigm of health and psychosocial rehabilitation as a reference framework. The development of other studies that expand the evidencing of this target population with respect to their real needs and capabilities in order to carry out the necessary adjustments for the legitimacy of the program as effective health promotion action is required.

How to improve consumer decision skills in children? A case study of an intervention with institutionalized children

The aim of this study is to assess the institutionalized children’s skills as consumers but also to assess how we can improve their knowledge through an intervention. The sample was composed of two subgroups (38 institutionalized children and 36 non-institutionalized children). In order to assess children’s knowledge, a questionnaire and an interview were used. The method used as intervention was a 30-minute class. Results suggested that institutionalized children have lower levels of knowledge regarding consumption-related practices and lower levels of accuracy at estimating prices than non-institutionalized children. However, results also showed that the attitudes of institutionalized children towards advertising and making decisions based on price/quantity evaluation or based on the use of the same strategy in different situations are not significantly different from the non-institutionalized children. Regarding the intervention, it was possible to conclude that one class is not the best method to improve children’s knowledge. Institutionalized children need a longer and more practical intervention.

The quest for growth in the German organic food retail market: Historical trends, current strategies, and future outlook

This paper aims to provide strategies for the organic supermarket chain “Alnatura” to shape the demand and its market share of the organic food & beverage (F&B) market in Germany within the next five years. Through the historic evolution and the current market assessment of Germany, compared to a benchmark country (US), as well as prospective trends in Germany, reasons and opportunities for market growth are evaluated. In addition, an industry attractiveness, competitor and company analysis is executed. Based on those findings and a conducted survey, suggestions to adjust Alnatura´s current business strategies are deduced and finally examined on its risk and feasibility.

A description of the Australian early psychosis intervention model and a proposal to establish a Pilot Early Intervention Program in Santa Cruz de la Sierra, Bolívia

RESUMO: Em 2011, a Associação Psiquiátrica Mundial lançou um programa de bolsas de investigação para psiquiatras em início de carreira a partir de países de renda baixa ou média-baixa, no âmbito deste programa, o autor foi selecionado para uma bolsa de pesquisa no Centre for Youth Mental Health/Orygen Youth Health Research Centre da Universidade de Melbourne. Orygen, é a principal organização de pesquisa e tradução do conhecimento do mundo com foco em problemas de saúde mental em pessoas jovens. O estágio foi baseado em Prevenção e Intervenção Precoce Psychosis Centre (EPPIC), que faz parte do Orygen. EPPIC fornece programa de tratamento abrangente e integrada, baseada na comunidade para o primeiro episódio de psicose. Esta dissertação descreve o modelo EPPIC, e seus componentes essenciais e fatores que são necessários para uma implementação de serviço direito. Além disso, uma proposta de criação de um programa-piloto de intervenção psicose precoce é discutido. Este programa inclui um programa de extensão inovadora que combina princípios comerciais sólidos, com metas sociais, a fim de combater especificamente a maior barreira para o tratamento da psicose precoce na Bolívia: o estigma da doença mental. Ao utilizar uma equipe de tratamento móvel, multidisciplinar, que enfatiza os papéis dos gerentes do caso treinados focada em fornecer indivíduo intensiva e apoio familiar no lar, este programa irá prestar cuidados culturalmente apropriados que irá alavancar contribuições de um suprimento limitado de psiquiatras e mudar longe da dependência um sistema médico fragmentado. ---------------------------- ABSTRACT: In 2011, the World Psychiatric Association launched a programme of research fellowships for early-career psychiatrists from low- or lower-middle income countries, within this programme, the author was selected to a research fellowship at the Centre for Youth Mental Health/Orygen Youth Health Research Centre at University of Melbourne. Orygen, is the world’s leading research and knowledge translation organization focusing on mental ill-health in young people. The traineeship was based on Early Psychosis Prevention and Intervention Centre (EPPIC), which is part of Orygen. EPPIC provides comprehensive, integrated, community-based treatment program for first-episode psychosis. This dissertation describes the EPPIC model, and its core components and factors which are necessary to a right service implementation. Additionally, a proposal to establish a pilot early psychosis intervention programme is discussed. This programme includes an innovative outreach programme that combines sound business principals with social goals in order to specifically target the largest barrier to early psychosis treatment in Bolivia: the stigma of mental illness. By utilizing a mobile, multidisciplinary treatment team that emphasizes the roles of trained case managers focused on providing intensive individual and family support in the home, this programme will provide culturally appropriate care that will leverage contributions from a limited supply of psychiatrists and shift dependence away from a fragmented medical system.

Protocol for the psychotherapeutic group intervention for facilitating posttraumatic growth in nonmetastatic breast cancer patients

Breast cancer can be perceived as a traumatic event with disturbing effects on psychological domains such as depression, anxiety, and Posttraumatic Stress Disorder. In contrast, growing evidence has shown that posttraumatic growth can occur as a result of coping with breast cancer. Challenging the assumptive world, deliberate rumination, and emotional disclosure are recognized as strong predictors of posttraumatic growth. Group interventions may also increase social support, distress disclosure, and posttraumatic growth. The aim of this study is to evaluate how group-based interventions can facilitate posttraumatic growth and promote improved psychosocial adjustment to breast cancer. This article describes the study protocol and the applied research methods.

Extraction of Trypanosoma cruzi DNA from food: a contribution to the elucidation of acute Chagas disease outbreaks

Abstract: INTRODUCTION: Before 2004, the occurrence of acute Chagas disease (ACD) by oral transmission associated with food was scarcely known or investigated. Originally sporadic and circumstantial, ACD occurrences have now become frequent in the Amazon region, with recently related outbreaks spreading to several Brazilian states. These cases are associated with the consumption of açai juice by waste reservoir animals or insect vectors infected with Trypanosoma cruzi in endemic areas. Although guidelines for processing the fruit to minimize contamination through microorganisms and parasites exist, açai-based products must be assessed for quality, for which the demand for appropriate methodologies must be met. METHODS: Dilutions ranging from 5 to 1,000 T. cruzi CL Brener cells were mixed with 2mL of acai juice. Four Extraction of T. cruzi DNA methods were used on the fruit, and the cetyltrimethyl ammonium bromide (CTAB) method was selected according to JRC, 2005. RESULTS: DNA extraction by the CTAB method yielded satisfactory results with regard to purity and concentration for use in PCR. Overall, the methods employed proved that not only extraction efficiency but also high sensitivity in amplification was important. CONCLUSIONS: The method for T. cruzi detection in food is a powerful tool in the epidemiological investigation of outbreaks as it turns epidemiological evidence into supporting data that serve to confirm T. cruzi infection in the foods. It also facilitates food quality control and assessment of good manufacturing practices involving acai-based products.

Implementation of membrane processes for improvement of the detection of food contaminants

The EM3E Master is an Education Programme supported by the European Commission, the European Membrane Society (EMS), the European Membrane House (EMH), and a large international network of industrial companies, research centres and universities (http://www.em3e.eu)

The relationship between liquidity and profitability in the food & beverage industry evidence from Europe and United States

This Work Project clarifies the relationship between liquidity and profitability based on a sample in the Food & Beverage (F&B) industry, and comparing the largest European and United States companies. The research concludes that liquidity, proxied by current ratio or quick ratio, correlates with return on assets taken as the measure of profitability, and so does the cash conversion cycle and its components. Moreover, company size correlates with liquidity, and indirectly affects ROA. This research contributes and addresses to managers in the F&B industry and recommends how they should act in order to improve profitability in the industry.

The enchained potential of the local food market

There is a rising demand for local food which traveled only short distances and is marketed directly by the producer. With growing importance of local food also the amount of literature in this field increased. Yet, literature is lacking to examine the challenges and burdens consumers face while trying to purchase local food. Evidence is shown that a gap exists between the intention of consumers who would like to purchase local food and their actual behavior. However, reasons for this gap are only discovered as byproducts of other research objectives. Consequently, this study investigates the specific reasons for the intention-behavior gap of consumers in the local food market. The study makes use of semi-structured face-to-face interviews with rural and urban respondents. The interviews are analyzed by qualitative content analysis based on Elo and Kyngäs (2008). Revealed key drivers for the intention-behavior gap are (1) the lack of awareness where to purchase local food products, (2) the limited reachability of local food producers, (3) the assortment of the local producer in regard to size and composition and (4) the lack in transparency of the prices of local food. Consequently, it is the producers turn to eliminate the revealed barriers by proactively bringing their products closer to the consumer.

An agent-based model to assess the attractiveness of industrial estates

This article describes the main approaches adopted in a study focused on planning industrial estates on a sub-regional scale. The study was supported by an agent-based model, using firms as agents to assess the attractiveness of industrial estates. The simulation was made by the NetLogo toolkit and the environment represents a geographical space. Three scenarios and four hypotheses were used in the simulation to test the impact of different policies on the attractiveness of industrial estates. Policies were distinguished by the level of municipal coordination at which they were implemented and by the type of intervention. In the model, the attractiveness of industrial estates was based on the level of facilities, amenities, accessibility and on the price of land in each industrial estate. Firms are able to move and relocate whenever they find an attractive estate. The relocating firms were selected by their size, location and distance to an industrial estate. Results show that a coordinated policy among municipalities is the most efficient policy to promote advanced-qualified estates. In these scenarios, it was observed that more industrial estates became attractive, more firms were relocated and more vacant lots were occupied. Furthermore, the results also indicate that the promotion of widespread industrial estates with poor-quality infrastructures and amenities is an inefficient policy to attract firms.

Triple negative breast cancer: nanosolutions for a big challenge

Triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) is a particular immunopathological subtype of breast cancer that lacks expression of estrogen and progesterone receptors (ER/PR) and amplification of the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) gene. Characterized by aggressive and metastatic phenotypes and high rates of relapse, TNBC is the only breast cancer subgroup still lacking effective therapeutic options, thus presenting the worst prognosis. The development of targeted therapies, as well as early diagnosis methods, is vital to ensure an adequate and timely therapeutic intervention in patients with TNBC. This review intends to discuss potentially emerging approaches for the diagnosis and treatment of TNBC patients, with a special focus on nano-based solutions that actively target these particular tumors.

Ergonomic analysis in a food packaging workplace

Work-related musculoskeletal disorders (WMSD) became one of the biggest health problems in the workplace and one of the main concerns of ergonomics and despite all the technical improvements manual handling is still an important risk factor for WMSD. The current study was performed with the main objective of conducting an ergonomic analysis in a workplace that consists in packaging products in a pallet, in a food distribution industry, also called picking. In this perspective, the aim of the study is to identify if the tasks performed by operators present any risk of WMSD and, if so, to suggest proposals for minimizing the associated effort. The methodologies of ergonomic risk assessment that were initially applied were the Risk Reckoner and the Manual Handling Assessment Chart (MAC). Subsequently, in order to, on the one hand, complement the analysis performed using the two methods previously mentioned, and, on the other hand, allow an assessment of two important risk factors associated with this activity (work postures and loads handling), two additional methodologies were also selected: the Revised NIOSH Lifting Equation and the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA). In all the performed approaches, the tasks of palletizing at lower levels were identified as the ones that most penalize workers in what regards the risk of development of WMSD. All methodologies identified levels of risk that require an immediate or short-term ergonomic intervention, aiming at ensuring the safety and health of workers performing such activity. The implementation of measures designed to eliminate or minimize the risk may involve the allocation of significant human and material resources that is increasingly necessary to manage efficiently. Taking into account the complexity and variability of the developed tasks, it is recommended that such a decision can be preceded by a new study using more accurate risk assessment methodologies, such as those that use monitoring tools.

Gamification e game-based learning: uma abordagem lúdica à aprendizagem

Relatório de estágio de mestrado em Ensino de Informática

Assessment of polymer-based nanocomposites biodegradability

The management of solid waste is a growing concern in many countries. Municipal solid waste is a major component of the total solid waste generated by society, and the composting of municipal solid waste has gained some attention even though a composting treatment for it is not yet widespread. It may not be realistic to replace large portions of these plastics with biodegradable materials, and it may be more important to separate plastics unsuitable for the composting process at the generating spots. However, for food packaging, there is still a great deal of interest in using biodegradable plastics that are difficult to sort at the generation spots. Under these circumstances, nanocomposites of biodegradable polymers as matrix and nanoparticles, that can be degraded along with organic wastes during composting could be a solution. Therefore, this chapter aims to give an overview on the biodegradability studies of bio-nanocomposites. It will focus on different polymers, nanocomposites containing different clay types and inorganic particles exposed under different environments.