La documentació personal com a eina docent: ensenyar i aprendre amb els fons personals

L"objectiu de la contribució que presentem és força senzill d"entendre: hem volgut donar forma a una activitat viscuda per recordar-la i per aprofitar-la quan l"haguem de menester. Com ho hem fet?, doncs materialitzant uns fets, uns pensaments i unes idees en forma de document, el qual a hores d"ara ja forma part del nostre fons personal. La finalitat del document, però, va més enllà: volem donar a conèixer la vàlua dels fons personals com a recurs estratègic per a l"aprenentatge de l"Arxivística. Hem volgut compartir la nostra experiència en aquest canal de comunicació professional perquè pensem, modestament, que treballs com aquest poden ser noves formes d"avançar en el progrés teòric de l"Arxivística.

The psychometric properties of the WAI in a career counseling setting: Comparison with a personal counseling sample

This study investigated the psychometric properties of the Working Alliance Inventory-Client version (WAI-C) and Working Alliance Inventory-Short and revised (WAI-SR) in a career counseling setting. Moreover, it compared the impact of career versus personal counseling settings based on results obtained using the WAI-SR. Subjects were 188 French-speaking career counseling clients and 95 French-speaking personal counseling clients, mainly students. For the career counseling sample, total reliability was .87 for the WAI-C and .76 for the WAI-SR. The shape of the distribution was normal but the variance was significantly lower for the career counseling sample. Exploratory factor analyses (EFAs) and confirmatory factor analyses (CFAs) confirmed the presence of an overall working alliance factor but indicated a clearer hierarchical structure for the WAI- SR than for the WAI-C. The psychometric properties seemed only slightly affected by the counseling setting, suggesting that this inventory is also relevant for career counseling, especially the WAI-SR, which has a more robust factorial structure.

El rompecabezas cooperativo para adquirir competencias de desarrollo personal y social en Educación Física

La realidad socio-educativa ha pasado de una situación estable, uniforme y continuista a otra en la cual se destaca la rapidez, la diversidad y la necesidad de cambios. Basados en este nuevo contexto, presentamos una actuación estratégica cooperativa para desarrollar nuevas competencias de formación para nuestros futuros docentes. Se han establecido diferentes apartados: 1) Un análisis comparativo entre el contexto educativo actual y el papel estratégico, tanto de formación como metodológico, que han de adoptar los docentes. 2) Una reflexión sobre las nuevas competencias de desarrollo personal y social que a través del área de educación física han de constituir los nuevos currículos de primaria y secundaria. 3) La presentación y aplicación de una propuesta cooperativa que modifica los diseños tradicionales de intervención en el proceso de aprendizaje de los alumnos y facilita el trabajo desde una perspectiva, más dialogada y participativa, basada en la resolución de problemas. Una propuesta que favorece los cambios y muestra una intervención estratégica que facilita la consecución de nuevas competencias de desarrollo personal y social desde la educación física.

El reclutamiento de personal en la nueva sociedad informacional

El artículo plantea un análisis empírico sobre las posibilidades de aplicación de las nuevas tecnologías de la información al proceso de reclutamiento de personal. Las competencias sociales y cognitivas que requieren las nuevas formas de organización de la producción plantean nuevos métodos de aprendizaje y la actualización del desarrollo de capacidades y comportamientos. Se trata de renovar y completar las competencias profesionales en un proceso permanente, que implica la adopción de una política de reclutamiento orientada por la consideración del conocimiento como elemento diferenciador de competitividad empresarial y de creación de riqueza.

La formación del personal político liberal y la resistencia del absolutismo en Lleida en la transición del Antiguo Régimen al liberalismo

Este trabajo aborda la formación de los grupos dirigentes absolutista y liberal en la Lleida del último cuarto de siglo XVIII y primer tercio de siglo XIX. Siguiendo los principales hechos políticos de este periodo, dibujamos el enfrentamiento progresivo de ambos grupos en la comunidad. Asimismo, reflejamos una distinta adscripción socioprofesional según fuese su filiación política. De esta manera, constatamos que las filas absolutistas se nutrieron de las familias con más influencia social (pequeña nobleza local, ciudadanos honrados, notables y doctores) y los campesinos; mientras que los liberales concentraron las simpatías de los artesanos, hacendados sin privilegio, profesionales liberales e intelectuales.

Is blood still thicker than water? A life-course perspective on the transformation of family and friends' roles in personal networks

This thesis addresses the issue of the moving boundaries between family and friends' roles in personal networks, adopting a life-course perspective and using Switzerland as a case study. In a period of major changes in personal life happening in contemporary Western societies, understanding the organization of personal networks intertwined with the unfolding of individual life courses is of prime importance in facing new challenges with regard to social integration. The data stem from a representative national survey carried out in 2011 named Family tiMes, including 803 individuals born either in 1950-1955 or in 1970-1975. An innovative research design was adopted, combing cross-sectional ego-centered network data and retrospective longitudinal life-course data. The results show continuing boundaries between family and friends' roles and that family keeps a prominent role in personal networks despite the notable importance of friendship ties. One relationship stands out above all, that with the partner, followed quite a few steps behind by those with children. Regarding life courses, de-standardization tendencies were found in family formation and also a persistent gendering of occupational trajectories. Two kinds of life trajectories are particularly intertwined with personal networks, co-residence and partnership trajectories, both related to the unfolding of family life. In particular, transition to parenthood functions as a turning point in individuals' lives, deeply transforming their sociability. Finally, a twofold pluralization process was identified, affecting simultaneously the organization of personal networks and the unfolding of individual life courses. This thesis contributes to the literature on the sociology of family and personal life, and to fruitful interlinkage between the network approach and the life-course perspective.

Mechanisms of action of brief alcohol interventions remain largely unknown - a narrative review.

A growing body of evidence has shown the efficacy of brief intervention (BI) for hazardous and harmful alcohol use in primary health care settings. Evidence for efficacy in other settings and effectiveness when implemented at larger scale are disappointing. Indeed, BI comprises varying content; exploring BI content and mechanisms of action may be a promising way to enhance efficacy and effectiveness. Medline and PsychInfo, as well as references of retrieved publications were searched for original research or review on active ingredients (components or mechanisms) of face-to-face BIs [and its subtypes, including brief advice and brief motivational interviewing (BMI)] for alcohol. Overall, BI active ingredients have been scarcely investigated, almost only within BMI, and mostly among patients in the emergency room, young adults, and US college students. This body of research has shown that personalized feedback may be an effective component; specific MI techniques showed mixed findings; decisional balance findings tended to suggest a potential detrimental effect; while change plan exercises, advice to reduce or stop drinking, presenting alternative change options, and moderation strategies are promising but need further study. Client change talk is a potential mediator of BMI effects; change in norm perceptions and enhanced discrepancy between current behavior and broader life goals and values have received preliminary support; readiness to change was only partially supported as a mediator; while enhanced awareness of drinking, perceived risks/benefits of alcohol use, alcohol treatment seeking, and self-efficacy were seldom studied and have as yet found no significant support as such. Research is obviously limited and has provided no clear and consistent evidence on the mechanisms of alcohol BI. How BI achieves the effects seen in randomized trials remains mostly unknown and should be investigated to inform the development of more effective interventions.

Using narratives to study the impact of social networks on the educational paths of immigrant students

This paper presents the qualitative data collection process aimed at the study of the impactsocial relations and networks have on educational paths of immigrant students. In theframework of a R & D longitudinal study funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation(2012-2014), the research team tracked the path of 87 immigrant students, from whom only 17successfully achieved the transition through the first and second year of Post-16 Education.A vast range of literature notes that relationships are an important part of migration process andsocial integration analysis, as well as school history in terms of success or failure. Through thefieldwork researchers collect the personal networks of all immigrant students from 3 highschools who were at that time attending last course of compulsory school. The network structureinfluences their social capital and therefore determines the resources, goods and types of supportindividuals can access. All these aspects are influential elements in the configuration anddevelopment of academic trajectories of immigrant students.At the end of the second year of Post-16 Education (two years later), the study captures personalnetworks of these students again, analyses and discusses their evolution and influence on theirpaths through qualitative interviews. Such interviews facilitated the discussion of theirrelationships while providing interesting narratives that are presented in the text. In order to do so, the biographical interpretive narrative method of interviewing is implemented.

Using narratives to study the impact of social networks on the educational paths of immigrant students

This paper presents the qualitative data collection process aimed at the study of the impactsocial relations and networks have on educational paths of immigrant students. In theframework of a R & D longitudinal study funded by the Ministry of Science and Innovation(2012-2014), the research team tracked the path of 87 immigrant students, from whom only 17successfully achieved the transition through the first and second year of Post-16 Education.A vast range of literature notes that relationships are an important part of migration process andsocial integration analysis, as well as school history in terms of success or failure. Through thefieldwork researchers collect the personal networks of all immigrant students from 3 highschools who were at that time attending last course of compulsory school. The network structureinfluences their social capital and therefore determines the resources, goods and types of supportindividuals can access. All these aspects are influential elements in the configuration anddevelopment of academic trajectories of immigrant students.At the end of the second year of Post-16 Education (two years later), the study captures personalnetworks of these students again, analyses and discusses their evolution and influence on theirpaths through qualitative interviews. Such interviews facilitated the discussion of theirrelationships while providing interesting narratives that are presented in the text. In order to do so, the biographical interpretive narrative method of interviewing is implemented.

The synchronization of personal information between mobile devices and online services by using SyncML

Monet henkilökohtaiset mobiililaitteet tarjoavat mahdollisuuden tallentaa henkilötietoja ja mahdollisuuden lyhyen kantaman radiotekniikoiden hyödyntämiseen. Vastaavasti henkilötietoja käyttävien tai vaativien verkkopalveluiden määrä on kasvussa. Mobiililaitteisiin tallennetut henkilötiedot tarjoavat potentiaalisen keinon välttää samojen henkilötietojen toistuva käsinsyöttö erilaisiin verkkopalveluihin ja keskitettyyn ajantasallapitoon. Tässä työssä käydään läpi ratkaisumalli henkilökohtaisen mobiililaitteen ja verkkopalveluiden välillä tapahtuvaan henkilötietojen siirtoon ja synkronointiin. Malli pohjautuu selainlaajennukseen, joka voi pyytää sekä selaimessa auki olevalta verkkopalvelun sivulta että mobiililta päätelaitteelta senhetkiset henkilötiedot ja synkronoida ne. Jo olemassaolevia henkilötietojen hallintaa helpottavia ratkaisuja käydään läpi arvioiden käyttökelpoisuutta tämänkaltaisiin tarpeisiin. Ratkaisumallin kannalta olennaiset tekniikat ja standardit, erityisesti Bluetooth ja SyncML, esitellään. Ratkaisumallin arkkitehtuuri käydään korkealla tasolla läpi ja esitellään toteutuksen yksityiskohtia. Tuloksena on periaatteeltaan kelvollinen henkilökohtaisten tietojen synkronointijärjestelmä, jonka toteutusta nykyisten mobiilien päätelaitteiden toiminnallisuus jossain määrin hankaloittaa.

Edad, vulnerabilidad económica y Estado de bienestar. La protección social contra la pobreza de niños y personal mayores

Los riesgos de pobreza se distribuyen de manera desigual en el ciclo vital. En este artículo ofrecemos datos empíricos sobre esta distribución y analizamos el impacto de las transferencias públicas sobre el riesgo de pobreza en dos etapas que tradicionalmente han concentrado situaciones de mayor precariedad: la infancia y la vejez. Se constata que en los últimos años la pobreza infantil ha aumentado significativamente en Europa y ha disminuido el efecto reductor que las rentas públicas ejercen sobre este tipo de pobreza, al tiempo que la situación de las personas mayores ha mejorado. En el último apartado se examinan los componentes de la protección social que influyen sobre el riesgo de pobreza infantil en nuestro país y se contrastan los posibles efectos de iniciativas para combatirla.

Controlling Access to Personal Information

Tässä diplomityössä käsitellään henkilökohtaisen tiedon saannin kontrollointia ja tiedon kuvaamista. Työn käytännön osuudessa suunniteltiin XML –malli henkilökohtaisen tiedon kuvaamiseen. Henkilökohtaisten tietojen käyttäminen mahdollistaa henkilökohtaisen palvelun tarjoamisen ja myös palvelun automatisoinnin käyttäjälle. Henkilökohtaisen tiedon kuvaaminen on hyvin oleellista, jotta palvelut voivat kysellä ja ymmärtää tietoja. Henkilökohtaiseen tietoon vaikuttaa erilaisia tekijöitä, jotka on myös otettava huomioon tietoa kuvattaessa. Henkilökohtaisen tiedon leviäminen eri palveluiden tarjoajille tuo mukanaan myös riskejä. Henkilökohtaisen tiedon joutuminen väärän henkilön käsiin saattaa aiheuttaa vakaviakin ongelmia tiedon omistajalle. Henkilökohtaisen tiedon turvallisen ja luotettavan käytettävyyden kannalta onkin hyvin oleellista, että käyttäjällä on mahdollisuus kontrolloida kenelle hän haluaa luovuttaa mitäkin tietoa.