Headland-bay beach planform stability of Santa Catarina State and of the Northern Coast of São Paulo State

This paper presents the results of the planform stability classification for the headland-bay beaches of the State of Santa Catarina and of the Northern Coast of São Paulo, based on the application of the Parabolic Bay-Shape Equation (PBSE) to aerial images of the beaches, using the software MEPBAY®. For this purpose, georeferenced mosaics of the QuickBird2® satellite imagery (for the State of Santa Catarina) and vertical aerial photographs (for the northern coast of São Paulo State) were used. Headland-bay beach planform stability can be classified as: (1) in static equilibrium, (2) in dynamic equilibrium, (3) unstable or (4) in a state of natural beach reshaping. Static equilibrium beaches are the most frequent along the coast of the State of Santa Catarina and the Northern Shore of São Paulo, notably along the most rugged sectors of the coast and those with experiencing lower fluvial discharge. By comparison, dynamic equilibrium beaches occur primarily on the less rugged sectors of the coast and along regions with higher fluvial discharge. Beaches in a state of natural beach reshaping have only been found in SC, associated with stabilized estuarine inlets or port breakwaters. However, it is not possible to classify any of these beaches as unstable because only one set of images was used. No clear relation was observed between a beach's planform stability and other classification factors, such as morphodynamics or orientation.

Effect of morphodynamics on annual average zonation pattern of benthic macrofauna of exposed sandy beaches in Santa Catarina, Brazil

This study investigated the effect of environmental factors on the annual average zonation pattern of benthic macrofauna of sub-aerial profile of three exposed sandy beaches of Santa Catarina with different morphodynamic characteristics. Sampling was carried out between March 2000 and March 2001, with monthly frequency on reflective and dissipative morphodynamic extremes and bimonthly frequency on the intermediate state. Results showed that macrobenthic zonation presented marked differences across the morphodynamic spectrum. The main differences observed from reflective to dissipative conditions were: a) increase in the number of species in lower zones of the beach; b) expansion of zones characterized by high water content of sediment and c) increase in the overlapping of zones, mainly on lower levels of the beach. Canonical Correspondence Analysis related these differences to distinctive cross-shore gradients in sediment moisture levels, sediment reworking and mean grain size that exist across the morphodynamic spectrum, showing that it is important to analyze these environmental factors in studies conducted to investigate zonation on microtidal exposed sandy beaches.

Navicordulia aemulatrix sp. nov. (Odonata, Corduliidae) from northeastern Santa Catarina State, Brazil

Navicordulia aemulatrix sp. nov. (holotype male deposited in MZSP: Brazil, Santa Catarina State, [São Bento do Sul municipality, 26°14'58"S, 49°22'59"W], [railroad station] Rio Vermelho, II.1952) is described and illustrated based on three males. The long cercus (2.9-3.2 mm) places this species in the longistyla-group together with N. kiautai, N. longistyla and N. nitens but it differs from them mainly by the shape of cercus, with carinated part occupying 0.33 of cercus total length, and also by dorsal, ventro-medial and ventro-lateral tubercles developed. An unusual process on tergal portion of prothorax is reported for the first time in Navicordulia. The rate of description of new species of South American 'Corduliidae' is discussed. A map with records of Atlantic Forest Navicordulia species and a list of Brazilian corduliids by state are also presented.

Espécies novas de Calliini e Falsamblesthiini (Coleoptera, Cerambycidae, Lamiinae) da Região Neotropical

As seguintes novas espécies são descritas em Callini: Drycothaea gaucha sp. nov. do Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil; Callia metallica sp. nov. de Sucumbios, Equador; em Falsamblesthiini: Nyctonympha boyacana sp. nov. da Colômbia; Bactriola achira sp. nov. e Bactriola antennata sp. nov. ambas de Santa Cruz, Bolívia.

Revision of the genus Physoclypeus Hendel, 1907 (Diptera, Lauxaniidae), with description of seven new species

The genus Physoclypeus Hendel, 1907 has its distribution restricted to the Neotropical region. In this study, its species have been redescribed, three new combinations have been proposed, three lectotypes have been designated, seven new species have been described, and an identification key to the species is presented. An updated list of species of Physoclypeus is presented as: P. annulatus Hendel, 1925; P. coquilletti (Hendel, 1908); P. farinosus (Hendel, 1925); P. flavus (Wiedemann, 1830); P. hendeli sp. nov. (Type locality, Jamaica, N. Irish Town); P. lineatus (Williston, 1896) new comb.; P. montanus (Becker, 1919) new comb.; P. plaumanni sp. nov. (Type locality, Brazil, Santa Catarina); P. risaraldensis sp. nov. (Type locality, Colombia, Risaralda); P. saltensis sp. nov. (Type locality, Argentina, Salta); P. scutellatus (Curran, 1926) new comb.; P. unimaculatus sp. nov. (Type locality, Mexico, Vera Cruz); P. vitattus sp. nov. (Type locality, Brazil, Santa Catarina) and P. zebrinus sp. nov. (Type locality, Costa Rica, Limón).

Morphological analysis of three populations of Anopheles (Nyssorhynchus) nuneztovari Gabaldón (Diptera: Culicidae) from Colombia

Based on the results of comparative analyses of 1,039 specimens of several progenies of Anopheles nuneztovarifrom three localities in Colombia, eight costal wing spot patterns were observed. Patterns I and III were the most frequent: 77.96% and 11.36%, respectively. Using the diagnostic characters ratio of the length of the basal dark area of hind tarsomere II/length of hind tarsomere II, ratio of the length of the humeral pale spot/length of the pre-humeral dark spot, and the ratio of the length of the subcostal pale spot/length of the distal sector dark spot (DS-III2/Ta-III2, HP/PHD, SCP/DSD) approximately 5% of the adult females were misidentified as a species of Nyssorhynchus, different from An. nuneztovari. Approximately 5% of the specimens showed DS-III2/Ta-III2 ratio less than 0.25 (range 0.21 - 0.24), and among them 3.34% shared a HP/PHD ratio less than 1.50. Consequently, 1.52% of An. nuneztovari individuals can be misidentified as Anopheles oswaldoi. In those specimens with the DS-III2/Ta-III2 ratios higher than 0.25, 34.45% displayed SCP/DSD values greater than 0.50 and of these, 3.65% displayed HP/PHD values greater than 1.8. This combination of characters could lead one to misidentify samples of An. nuneztovari as Anopheles rangeli. Similarly, 2.43% of the females could be identified erroneously as either Anopheles aquasalis or Anopheles benarrochi. Individuals with a HP/PHD ratio greater than 2.0, could be misidentified as Anopheles trinkae, Anopheles strodei or Anopheles evansae. A distinct combination of diagnostic characters for An. nuneztovari from Colombia is proposed.

Perfil proteico e metabolismo oxidativo de cordeiros experimentalmente infectados pelo Haemonchus contortus e suplementados com selênio e vitamina E

Para avaliar a influência da suplementação com selênio e vitamina E sobre o perfil proteico e metabolismo oxidativo de cordeiros infectados experimentalmente pelo Haemonchus contortus, trinta cordeiros fêmeas foram distribuídos em quatro grupos: G1 (n=10): animais infectados; G2 (n=10): infectados e suplementados; G3 (n=5): controle; e G4 (n=5): não infectados e suplementados. Os grupos 1 e 2 receberam 500 larvas de H. contortus (L3), via oral, por um período de 20 dias, com intervalo de dois dias entre as doses. A suplementação nos grupos 2 e 4 foi realizada no dia zero, com 0,1mg kg-1 de Selenito de sódio (1,67%) e com 2.000UI de vitamina E por via intramuscular (IM). Somente a vitamina E foi reaplicada no dia 30. As coletas de sangue para determinação do perfil proteico (proteína total, albumina, alfa, beta e gamaglobulina) e metabolismo oxidativo (espécies reativas ao ácido tiobarbitúrico-TBARS e a enzima glutationa peroxidase (GSPX) foram realizadas nos dias zero, 20, 30, 45, 60 e 80. OPG foi quantificado nos dias 0, 20 ,45 e 80. Em relação aos valores de proteínas totais, albumina, betaglobulina e gamaglobulina, as principais diferenças foram observadas quando os grupos parasitados foram comparados com o grupo somente suplementado; e este manteve valores mais elevados. Conclui-se que não há influência da suplementação com selênio e vitamina E no perfil proteico e metabolismo oxidativo quando os cordeiros se encontram severamente parasitados por H.contortus.

Modelo de indução de diarréia osmótica em bezerros holandeses

Com o objetivo de avaliar um protocolo de diarréia osmótica induzida, foram utilizados 18 bezerros hígidos, com idade entre oito e 30 dias de vida, e peso variando de 37 a 50kg. A diarréia e a desidratação foram induzidas por meio da administração de leite integral (16,5mL kg-1), sacarose (4g kg-1), espirolactona e hidroclorotiazida (2mg kg-1), a cada oito horas, durante dois dias. O exame físico e as coletas de sangue para determinações de componentes do hemograma, hemogasometria e de constituintes bioquímicos foram realizados em T0 (0h), T1 (24hi) e T2 (48hi). O protocolo de indução da diarréia obteve 100% de eficiência, produzindo diarréia aquosa e desidratação intensa (13% do peso corpóreo) acompanhadas de azotemia pré-renal, aumento nos valores do hematócrito, hemoglobina e proteína total, hipercalemia, hiperlactemia, hiperfosfatemia, acidose metabólica e diminuição do défict de volume plasmático e da pressão venosa central.

Situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado de Santa Catarina

Realizou-se um estudo para caracterizar a situação epidemiológica da brucelose bovina no Estado de Santa Catarina. O Estado foi estratificado em cinco circuitos produtores. Em cada circuito produtor foram amostradas aleatoriamente cerca de 300 propriedades e, dentro dessas, foi escolhido, de forma aleatória, um número pré-estabelecido de animais, dos quais foi obtida uma amostra de sangue. No total foram amostrados 7801 animais, provenientes de 1586 propriedades. O protocolo de testes utilizado foi o da triagem com o teste do antígeno acidificado tamponado e o reteste dos positivos com o do 2-mercaptoetanol. O rebanho foi considerado positivo se pelo menos um animal foi reagente às duas provas sorológicas. As prevalências de focos e de animais infectados no Estado foram de 0,32% [0,10-0,69%] e 0,06% [0,0-0,17%], respectivamente. A prevalência de focos nos circuitos pecuários foram: circuito 1, 0,33% [0,0-0,99%]; circuito 2, 0,33% [0,0-1,0%]; circuito 3, 0,25% [0,0-0,75%]; circuito 4, 0,66% [0,08-1,84%] e circuito 5, 0,33% [0,0-1,0%].

Culicidae (Diptera) em área de barragem em Santa Catarina e no Rio Grande do Sul

A composição de Culicidae do lago de Barra Grande, situado entre os municípios de Esmeralda (Rio Grande do Sul) e Anita Garibaldi (Santa Catarina), foi realizada com coletas mensais. Vinte e quatro espécies foram identificadas dentre um total de 1.185 espécimes (74,7% adultos e 25,3% imaturos), sendo Aedes fluviatilis Lutz a espécie mais frequente. Algumas espécies constituem novos registros e são interesse em saúde pública. O fato sugere que mudanças ambientais na área podem alterar a relação entre humanos e mosquitos vetores

New Genotype of Dengue Type 3 Virus Circulating in Brazil and Colombia Showed a Close Relationship to Old Asian Viruses

Dengue type 3 genotype V viruses have been recently detected in Brazil and Colombia. In this study, we described another Brazilian isolate belonging to this genotype. Phylogenetic analysis including dengue type 3 viruses isolated worldwide showed that Brazilian and Colombian viruses were closely related to viruses isolated in Asia more than two decades ago. The characteristic evolutionary pattern of dengue type 3 virus cannot explain the close similarity of new circulating viruses with old viruses. Further studies are needed to confirm the origin of the new dengue type III genotype circulating in Brazil and Colombia.

Serological Survey for Antibodies to Encephalitozoon cuniculi in Ownerless Dogs From Urban Areas of Brazil and Colombia

There are 3 strains of Encephalitozoon cuniculi that occur in mammals. Strain III is associated with clinical disease in dogs, although some can be asymptomatic carriers and excrete spores in their urine. Several cases of human E. cuniculi infection caused by strain III have been observed in immunocompromised patients, indicating that E. cuniculi should be considered a zoonotic agent. Encephalitozoon cuniculi can cause fatal disease in maternally-infected or young dogs. Clinical signs in these animals included blindness, encephalitis, retarded growth rate, and nephritis. Encephalitozoon cuniculi has also been associated with primary renal failure in adult dogs. The present study used the direct agglutination test (DAT, cut-off 1:50) and the indirect fluorescent antibody test (IFAT, cut-off 1:10) to examine the prevalence of antibodies to E. cuniculi in dogs from Brazil and Colombia. Using the DAG, 31 (27.4%) of 113 dogs from Brazil and 47 (18.5%) of 254 dogs from Colombia were seropositive. Nine (14.3%) of 63 dogs from Brazil and IS (35.3%) of the 51 dogs from Colombia were seropositive by indirect immunofluorescent antibody test. These results indicate that dogs from Brazil and Colombia are exposed to E. cuniculi.

Croton rufolepidotus (Euphorbiaceae s. str.), a New Species from Antioquia, Colombia

Crown rufolepidotus Caruzo & Riina (Euphorbiaceae s. str.), a new species from Colombia, is here described and illustrated. The new species is endemic to an area of lowland secondary forests in Antioquia. Morphological characters indicate that this species belongs to Croton sect. Cleodora (Klotzsch) Baill. due to its arborescent habit, petiolar glands, 15 to 25 stamens, as well as the pistillate flowers with imbricate sepals and multifid styles.

Stable isotopes of bulk organic matter to trace carbon and nitrogen dynamics in an estuarine ecosystem in Babitonga Bay (Santa Catarina, Brazil)

The biogeochemical processes affecting the transport and cycling of terrestrial organic carbon in coastal and transition areas are still not fully understood One means of distinguishing between the sources of organic materials contributing to particulate organic matter (POM) in Babitonga Bay waters and sediments is by the direct measurement of delta(13)C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC) and delta(13)C and delta(15)N in the organic constituents. An isotopic survey was taken from samples collected in the Bay in late spring of 2004. The results indicate that the delta(13)C and delta(15)N compositions of OM varied from -21.7 parts per thousand to -26 2 parts per thousand. and from + 9 2 parts per thousand. to -0 1 parts per thousand, respectively. delta(13)C from DIC ranges from +0.04 parts per thousand to -12.7 parts per thousand The difference in the isotope compositions enables the determination of three distinct end-members terrestrial, marine and urban Moreover, the evaluation of source contribution to the particulate organic matter (POM) in the Bay, enables assessment of the anthropogenic impact. Comparing the depleted values of delta(13)C(DIC) and delta(13)C(POC) it is possible to further understand the carbon dynamic within Babitonga Bay (C) 2010 Elsevier BV All rights reserved

A new species of land planarian of Gigantea Ogren and Kawakatsu, 1990 (Platyhelminthes, Tricladida, Terricola) from Colombia, with taxonomic remarks on the genus

A new species of land planarian from Colombia, Gigantea maupoi sp. nov., is described herein. The penis papilla of the new species is provided with numerous accessory genital organs, or mgo. These mgo are of a unique morphology, consisting of a very strong barrel-shaped circular muscle coat and an underlying longitudinal one, both derived from the subepithelial musculature of the penis papilla. The central mass of each mgo contains secretions and 8-15 canalicula that open to the male atrium on the central region of the organ. Differences in structures constituting the mgo and details of the muscular systems and of the reproductive organs among the 11 Gigantea species from literature and from type material of G. bistriata (Hyman, 1962), G. chiriquii (Hyman, 1962), and G. sandersoni (Prudhoe, 1949) reexamined here show that the genus is heterogeneous.