菜阳河自然保护区两栖爬行动物调查报告

："))) 年( * ’ 月对云南省思茅菜阳河省级自然保护区两栖爬行动物多样性进行了调查。调查结果表明：菜 阳河自然保护区共有两栖爬行动物+, 种。其中，两栖类#, 种，隶属于" 目’ 科!+ 属；爬行类() 种，隶属于# 目!- 科$! 属。属于国家!级重点保护的种类有" 种；"级重点保护的种类有( 种；云南省省级保护动物# 种； 列入云南省“三有”动物的!) 种。结合调查结果，对菜阳河自然保护区提出了进行功能区划，分区管理，以及 严格管理农药的使用等两方面的建议。

常用鱼药漂白粉和氯杀宁对背角无齿蚌的毒性影响

试验以洱海流域的背角无齿蚌为研究对象,确定常用鱼药:漂白粉、氯杀宁对湖泊大型底柄动物背角无齿蚌的毒性影响.试验得出漂白粉作用下,背角无齿蚌24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h、120 h、144 h、168 h的半致死率;氯杀宁作用下,背角无齿蚌24 h、48 h、72 h、96 h的半致死率;漂白粉有效氯安全浓度95.25～108.86 mg/L;氯杀宁有效氯安全浓度3.32～3.55 mg/L.通过显微镜观察,漂白粉和氯杀宁的主要作用部位为背角无齿蚌的呼吸系统,在其鳃上可见明显病变.

Dispersion, population dynamics and stock assessment of Caspian Sea prawns, genus Palaemon in Guilan Province coastal waters

Biological aspects, population dynamics and stock assessment of the Caspian Sea prawns Palaemon adspersus and Palaemon eleganse were investigated in Guilan coastal water of the Caspian Sea. Sampling was done monthly with a bottom trawl with mesh size of 3 mm in cod end in 0 - 5 m and 5 - 10 m depth in areas as Astra, Shafa Roud, Anzali, Chonchanan Chamkhaleh and Chaboksar during year 2002. Results of one year sampling showed that mean total length of Palaemon adspersus (pooled data) was 39.9±6.84 mm (X±SD) and mean wiegth was 1.133±0.67 g. The mean total length of females and males was 41.6±7.5 mm and 37.9±5.2 mm respectively and mean weight for the mentioned sexes was 1.353±0.65 g and 0.868±0.38 g respectively. There was significant differences in mean length and weight of females and males (P<0.05). The mean total annual sex ratio of males: females for this species was 1.4 and this sex ratio deviated significantly from 1:1 (X2, P<0.05) and biased towards males in the population of this species. The spawning season of Palaemon adspersus begins in April and ends in September with a peak in June . Mean fecundity of this species was 1994.5 ± 506.6 . The growth coefficients Loo and K for females were estimated as 58.5 mm and 2.3 /Year and for males as 55.9 mm and 2.6 /year respectively . The mean CPUA ( catch / Km2 ) for this species was 9.99 ± 33.2 kg / km2 and the correspondance biomass was calculated as 5067.7 kg in 0 - 10 m depth . The mean total length of Palaemon elegans (pooled data ) was 27.5 ± 5.7 mm (X±S.D) and mm and 24.01±4.18 mm respectively and mean weight for the mentioned sexes were was 0.553 ± 0.3 g and 0.237±0.15 g respectively. There was significant differences in mean length and weight of females and males (P<0.05). The mean total annual sex ratio of males:females for this species was 0.57 and in this species also sex ratio differed significantly from 1:1 (X2, P<0.05) and skewed towards females in the population of this species. The spawning season of Palaemon elegans extended from May to September with a peak in July . Mean fecundity of this species was 642.7±313.4. The growth coefficients LOO and K for females were estimated as 42.119 mm and 2.40 /Year and 33.87 mm and 2.50 /year for males respectively. The mean. CPUA ( catch/ Km2 ) for this species was 0.75±3.86 kg/km2 and the correspondance biomass was calculated as 382.1 kg in 0-10 m depth .

云南省澜沧江自然保护区鸟类资源调查

2005年3～4月,对云南省临沧地区澜沧江自然保护区的鸟类资源进行了调查.通过观察和网捕调查,共计采集记录105种鸟类.结合中国科学院昆明动物研究所鸟类标本室收藏的临沧地区的207种鸟类标本,以及该地区的有关文献资料记录的84种,保护区内共有396种鸟类,隶属55 科(另4亚科)19 目,占云南省所录鸟类种数848种的47%,全国鸟类种数1331种的30%.其中国家一级保护物种2种,二级保护物种39种.保护区内记录的鸟类有留鸟307种,占所录鸟类的78%.区系成分以东洋界物种为主,有292种,占繁殖鸟类总种数的83%.亚区级区系分析表明保护区内的鸟类以滇南山地亚区和西南山地亚区的种类为主,前者成分稍多于后者,说明该地区处于由滇南山地亚区向西南山地亚区过渡的地带.结合该区鸟类垂直分布的特点,提出应加强对原生及次生阔叶林的保护,尤其是对成熟次生林的保护,因为它们对保存该保护区的大多数物种具有重要的价值.

广西华缨鱼属鱼类一新种记述

在整理华缨鱼属标本时发现，1993年9月在广西壮族自治区天峨县红水河水系地下河采集到的一批 标本为一个未经发表的新种，新种订名为大眼华缨鱼(＆加c瑚soc^eiz獬胧gnzDp^f^8h邯)。其下咽齿2行，可与 下咽齿3行的7种华缨鱼相区别，而与属内同样具2行下咽齿的贵州华缨鱼(s．肛妇b淝瑚括)、小口华缨鱼 (Js．m幻M幻，抛￡琳)和宽唇华缨鱼(5．z06缸t琳)亲缘关系较近。但：(1)新种胸鳍中点上方无黑斑，背鳍分枝 鳍条7，腹鳍分枝鳍条7，背鳍前鳞15—16，眼大，头长为眼径2．5—3．1倍，眼径为头宽44．7％一57．8％，吻 须后伸至前后鼻孔之间或眼前缘，口角须后伸至眼前缘至眼中之问或眼中至眼后缘之间，体长为尾柄高8．9一 lO．7倍，头长为吻长2．5—3．7倍，可与贵州华缨鱼(胸鳍中点上方有一明显黑斑，背鳍分枝鳍条8，腹鳍分枝 鳍条8，背鳍前鳞12—14，头长为眼径4．O一5．0倍，眼径为头宽16．6％一20．7％，吻须后伸不达后鼻孔后缘， 口角须后伸至眼前缘，体长为尾柄高7．2—8．2倍，头长为吻长1．9—2．2倍)相区别；(2)新种背鳍前鳞15— 16，侧线鳞39～40，侧线上鳞4．5—5．5，背鳍分枝鳍条7，鳃耙13，腹鳍末端伸达肛门，眼径为头宽44．7％一 57．8％，可与宽唇华缨鱼(背鳍前鳞22，侧线鳞42—45，侧线上鳞6．5，背鳍分枝鳍条8，鳃耙10，腹鳍末端 不达肛门，眼径为头宽23．3％一30．O％)相区别；(3)新种与同水系的小口华缨鱼在鳍条数、侧线鳞、体色、 斑纹等方面最为相似，但新种围尾柄鳞14／16，眼大，头长为眼径2．5—3．1倍，腹鳍末端伸达肛门，口角须后 伸至眼前缘至眼中之间或眼中至眼后缘之间，吻皮边缘深裂成小穗，背鳍起点距吻端较距尾鳍基为近，背鳍长 大于头长，体长为尾柄长4．8—5．9倍，头长为吻长2．5—3．7倍，尾柄长为尾柄高1．6—2．1倍，可与之(围尾 柄鳞12，眼小，头为眼径4．4—4．6倍，腹鳍末端不达肛门，口角须伸达眼下方，吻皮边缘不开裂或开裂不明 显，背鳍起点距吻端等于距尾鳍基，背鳍条约等于头长，体长为尾柄长6．1—6．4倍，头长为吻长2，1—2．4倍， 尾柄长为尾柄高1．4—1．5倍)相区别。

Triosephosphate isomerase genes in two trophic modes of euglenoids (Euglenophyceae) and their phylogenetic analysis

Two different length cDNAs encoding triosephosphate isomerase (TIM) were identified in the two trophic modes of euglenoids, the phototrophic Euglena gracilis and Euglena intermedia and the saprotrophic Astasia longa. Sequence analyses and presequence pred

大白蚁机体的蛋白质氨基酸及脂肪酸分析

对土垅大白蚁和簧翅大白蚁三个品极的干物质分析表明, 其工蚁的氨基酸总 量分别为42.16 ％和48.06％; 兵蚁分别为38.55％和33.78％; 蚁后分别为46.23 ％和41.09％。其必需氨基 酸含量占氨基酸总量的40％以上。土垅大白蚁蚁后的 体脂经甲酯化处理, 用气相色谱仪鉴定出13种脂肪酸, 其不饱和脂肪酸占68.77 ％, 其中油酸(18:1)51.14％、亚油酸(18:2)13.01 ％、亚麻酸(18:3)0.65％, 分析还发现含有十五碳酸、十七碳酸及十七碳—烯酸等不多见的奇数脂肪酸。图 1表3参9

Annual Report of the East African Agricultural and Fisheries Research Council 1954-55

The annual report present activities carried out by the different organizations that make up the East African Agricultural & Fisheries Research Council which included: 1. Report of the East African Agriculture & Forestry Research Organization 2. Report of the East African Veterinary Research Organization 3. Report of the East African Fishery Research Organization 4. Report of the East African Marine Fisheries Research Organization The activities reported are for the period 1954-55.

Contribución al conocimiento biológico del calamar argentino Illex illecebrosus argentinus

The present work deals with the biological study of the squid Illex illecebrosus argentinus of the Buenos Aires area (Argentina) in the southwest Atlantic ocean. According to recent research (Voss, pers. comm.) the squid obtained in commercial fishing in the waters off Buenos Aires Province (Castellanos), which in proper of the S.W. Atlantic. The material studied comes from commercial fishing done in in two sectors: one ranging from 36~' to 37~' S, and the other from 39~' to 42~' S in latitude, while both extend from 55~' to 62~' W in longitude. The fishing area varies during the years, being located more towards the North in summer and more towards the South in winter, following the fishing of hake. The number of individuals studied was 186. Their total length ranged from 195 mm to 670 mm for both sexes. The sampling showed that the males had lesser length and weight than the females: that is, a secondary sexual dimorphism was observed. At the length of 240 mm the squid reaches its sexual maturity. Sexual activity is observed the year around, but not simultaneously for the whole population, that is to say, spawning does not take place en masse but, on the contrary, it occurs during a prolonged period. In summer, from December to March, the greatest spawning period is observed. This takes place in the same habitat for the whole squid population. The squid herein studied is a cold water species, the water temperature ranging from 5~' to 12~' C in the sites of the largest catches. The squid is caught at depths ranging from 7 to 250 meters with a trawl net. In Patagonian waters, somewhat smaller individual are caught with 'poteras' at depths ranging from 1 to 8 fathoms.

元江一红河水道开发对鱼类的影响和保护对策

元江一红河在中国境内共有鱼类90种，分隶6目16科65属，水道电站大坝建设引起生境片断化

蛋白质的二级结构和mRNA 的二级结构的相关性研究

利用置信度为95 的特征字研究了蛋白质二级结构以及其对应mRNA 二级结构, 发现 蛋白质二级结构和mRNA 二级结构有明显的相关性. 规则二级结构A2螺旋, B2折叠以及包含 有Turn 的边界明显倾向于mRNA 二级结构的茎区, 而避免出现在环区.

云南地白蚊属Hypotermes五新种(等翅目: 白蚊科)

描述了1982年于云南采到的地白蚁属五新种为: 孟定地白蚁(H. mengdingensis)兵蚁、畹町地白蚁(H. wandingensis)兵蚁、梅子地白蚁(H.meiziensis)兵蚁、坝弯地白蚁(H.bawanensis)兵蚁和瓦窑地白蚁(H. wayaoensis)兵蚁等。模式标本均存中科院昆明动物所。图4表5参7

用尖吻蝮蛇毒、蝮蛇毒及抗蛇毒血清处理小鼠S_(180)、EAC腹水癌的初 步观察

尖吻蝮蛇毒、蝮蛇毒及抗蛇毒血清能使接种S_(180)、EAC腹水癌的小鼠 明显延长存活时 间、降低接种率, 但不能完全阻止癌细胞生长。体外具有较明 显的导致癌细胞肿胀、膜破裂、核纤维化、坏死等作用。腹水酶活力测定及抗血 清初步研究结果表明, 癌细胞病变中产生的某些抗原物质可能与蛇毒中的酶和 毒蛋白相近。因此注射蛇毒后可在体内产生相关抗体, 中和癌细胞产生的毒素以 达到治疗目的。图1表6参10