Informationskompetenz und Information Literacy

Informationskompetenz ist heute als Begriff , Konzept und praktisches Tätigkeitsfeld von Bibliotheken weltweit etabliert. Entstehung, Verbreitung und Entwicklung von „Informationskompetenz“ im deutschsprachigen Raum stehen in engem Zusammenhang mit dem in den USA und international seit den 1980er Jahren diskutierten und praktisch umgesetzten Konzept der „Information Literacy“. Auch wenn die beiden Begriffe in der Regel gleichbedeutend verwendet werden, zeigt ein Vergleich der vorwiegend aus englischsprachigen Ländern – insbesondere den USA, Australien und Großbritannien – stammenden Literatur zur Information Literacy mit deutschsprachigen Publikationen zur Informationskompetenz neben zahlreichen Gemeinsamkeiten auch unterschiedliche Tendenzen und Schwerpunkte, die sich einerseits auf die zeitverschobene historische Entwicklung, andererseits auf unterschiedliche bildungs- und berufspolitische, institutionelle und terminologische Rahmenbedingungen zurückführen lassen. Einige dieser Gemeinsamkeiten und Unterschiede werden aus historischer Perspektive sowie mit Blick auf aktuelle inhaltliche Themen und Desiderate näher beleuchtet.

Definition of the requirements in plane geometry, solid geometry, plane and solid geometry, major requirement, plane and solid geometry minor requirement /

Wm. F. Osgood, chairman.

Numerical quadrature over a rectangular domain in two or more dimensions /

"This work was supported in part by the Office of Naval Research under Contract Nonr-1834(27)."

The use of Chebyshev matrix polynomials in the iterative solution of linear equations compared to the method of successive overrelaxtion /

"(This is being submitted in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy in Mathematics, June 1959.)"

Going global with assessment: what to do when the dominant culture's literacy drives assessment

This article explores how the dominant cultural literacy in a western context relies on a western template of knowledge that can inhibit internationalisation of the curricula unless it is identified, transformed, and broadened to become interculturally responsive. As Brian Street has said "literacies may be sites of negotiation and transform ation" (1994, p. 99). Drawing on the findings of an innovative website, Worldmarks , developed at Queensland University of Technology, as well as qualitative interviews with international students and staff, this article addresses the serious implications of assessment driven by the dominant culture's literacy. We identify how and why assessment driven by responsive cultural literacy enables all students to develop comprehensive intercultural communication skills and understandings as part of their lifelong learning in Australian universities.

FORMAÇÃO CONTINUADA DE PROFESSORES ALFABETIZADORES: COMO APRENDE O PROFESSOR?

Este estudo versa sobre a análise do processo de aprendizagem de alguns professores alfabetizadores da Rede Estadual de Educação de São Paulo e buscou compreender onde e como este grupo de profissionais aprende os conteúdos necessários para alfabetizar na perspectiva da construção de conhecimento. A hipótese que orienta esta análise é a de que um professor bem-formado tem mais condição de intervir na aprendizagem de seus alunos e, gradativamente, contribuir para a garantia do direito de todas as crianças se alfabetizarem. Parte também da hipótese de que, compreendendo o processo de aprendizagem destes educadores, as ações de formação podem ser mais eficazes. Por meio de pesquisa empírica, revisão bibliográfica e análise documental, esta dissertação organiza-se da seguinte forma: na Introdução é anunciada a trajetória profissional da proponente e sua relação com os programas de alfabetização e com as propostas de formação de educadores das Redes Públicas de Educação de São Paulo. O primeiro Capítulo tece a fundamentação teórica na qual os programas de formação de professores alfabetizadores de São Paulo são organizados. No segundo Capítulo é realizado um breve histórico sobre os programas de formação de professores alfabetizadores da Rede Estadual de Ensino, no período de 1984 a 2010, com uma análise sobre a coerência entre as concepções de ensino e aprendizagem, e as concepções que embasam os diferentes programas institucionais. No terceiro Capítulo são descritos os caminhos percorridos no processo de realização da pesquisa empírica. Nas Considerações Finais foram retomadas, em síntese, as discussões realizadas no desenvolvimento dos capítulos, recuperando a essência das análises a partir dos dados coletados, expressando os resultados da investigação. Foram aplicados questionários de perfil e realizadas entrevistas com 13 sujeitos envolvidos com o Programa Ler e Escrever da Rede Estadual de Ensino de São Paulo, envolvendo desde professores alfabetizadores até os organizadores do Programa. A fundamentação teórica deste estudo ocorreu, principalmente, a partir das contribuições de Piaget (1967); Ferreiro e Teberosky (1985); Ferreiro (1989; 1992; 2002; 2007); Becker (1993); Coll (1992); Lerner (2002) que se orientam pela concepção de construção de conhecimento e tratam da aprendizagem da leitura e escrita, da formação do professor e da didática da alfabetização e da Matemática; e Alarcão (2008), Lerner (2002) e Tardif (2002) que abordam a formação docente. A análise dos dados foi realizada a partir da fundamentação e dos procedimentos de Análise Temática do Conteúdo, conforme Bardin (2008) que resultou na elaboração de apreciações de condições que devem ser consideradas na formação de professores alfabetizadores. Os resultados obtidos apontam para algumas inferências sobre o processo de aprendizagem dos professores alfabetizadores que, se consideradas nas propostas, podem contribuir para a maior eficiência dos programas de formação, resultando em melhor apropriação pelos professores dos conteúdos envolvidos na alfabetização, na melhoria da qualidade da aprendizagem dos alfabetizandos e, consequentemente, na formação de leitores plenos e escritores eficientes.

Classroom implications of recent research into literacy development: from predictors to assessment

We outline how research into predictors of literacy underpins the development of increasingly accurate and informative assessments. We report three studies that emphasize the crucial role of speech and auditory skills on literacy development throughout primary and secondary school. Our first study addresses the effects of early childhood middle ear infections, the potential consequences for speech processing difficulties and the impact on early literacy development. Our second study outlines how speech and auditory skills are crucially related to early literacy in normally developing readers, whereas other skills such as motor, memory and IQ are only indirectly related. Our third study outlines the on-going impact of phonological awareness on reading and wider academic achievement in secondary-school pupils. Finally, we outline how teachers can use the current research to inform them about which assessments to conduct, and how to interpret the results. Copyright © 2008 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.

DML and RusDML – Virtual Library Initiatives for Covering All Mathematics Electronically

With the rapidly growing activities in electronic publishing ideas came up to install global repositories which deal with three mainstreams in this enterprise: storing the electronic material currently available, pursuing projects to solve the archiving problem for this material with the ambition to preserve the content in readable form for future generations, and to capture the printed literature in digital versions providing good access and search facilities for the readers. Long-term availability of published research articles in mathematics and easy access to them is a strong need for researchers working with mathematics. Hence in this domain some pioneering projects have been established addressing the above mentioned problems.

Teaching University-Level Mathematics Using Mathematica

This paper considers the use of the computer algebra system Mathematica for teaching university-level mathematics subjects. Outlined are basic Mathematica concepts, connected with different mathematics areas: algebra, linear algebra, geometry, calculus and analysis, complex functions, numerical analysis and scientific computing, probability and statistics. The course “Information technologies in mathematics”, which involves the use of Mathematica, is also presented - discussed are the syllabus, aims, approaches and outcomes.

Achievements and Problems in the In-service Teacher Education in Inquiry Based Style

Report published in the Proceedings of the National Conference on "Education and Research in the Information Society", Plovdiv, May, 2015

An Approach for a more Objective Evaluation of Practical Projects, Used in the Training Process

Well–prepared, adaptive and sustainably developing specialists are an important competitive advantage, but also one of the main challenges for businesses. One option of the education system for creation and development of staff adequate to the needs is the development of pro jects with topics from real economy ("Practical Projects"). The objective assessment is an essential driver and motivator, and is based on a system of well-chosen, well-defined and specific criteria and indicators. An approach to a more objective evaluation of practical projects is finding more objective weights of the criteria. A natural and reasonable approach is the accumulation of opinions of proven experts and subsequent bringing out the weights from the accumulated data. The preparation and conduction of a survey among recognized experts in the field of project-based learning in mathematics, informatics and information technologies is described. The processing of the data accumulated by applying AHP, allowed us to objectively determine weights of evaluation criteria and hence to achieve the desired objectiveness. ACM Computing Classification System (1998): K.3.2.

Causal attributions for success or failure by passing and failing students in College Algebra

Success in mathematics has been identified as a predictor of baccalaureate degree completion. Within the coursework of college mathematics, College Algebra has been identified as a high-risk course due to its low success rates. ^ Research in the field of attribution theory and academic achievement suggests a relationship between a student's attributional style and achievement. Theorists and researchers contend that attributions influence individual reactions to success and failure. They also report that individuals use attributions to explain and justify their performance. Studies in mathematics education identify attribution theory as the theoretical orientation most suited to explain academic performance in mathematics. This study focused on the relationship among a high risk course, low success rates, and attribution by examining the difference in the attributions passing and failing students gave for their performance in College Algebra. ^ The methods for the study included a pilot administration of the Causal Dimension Scale (CDSII) which was used to conduct reliability and principal component analyses. Then, students (n = 410) self-reported their performance on an in-class test and attributed their performance along the dimensions of locus of causality, stability, personal controllability, and external controllability. They also provided open-ended attribution statements to explain the cause of their performance. The quantitative data compared the passing and failing groups and their attributions for performance on a test using One-Way ANOVA and Pearson chi square procedures. The open-ended attribution statements were coded in relation to ability, effort, task difficulty, and luck and compared using a Pearson chi square procedure. ^ The results of the quantitative data comparing passing and failing groups and their attributions along the dimensions measured by the CDSII indicated statistical significance in locus of causality, stability, and personal controllability. The results comparing the open-ended attribution statements indicated statistical significance in the categories of effort and task difficulty. ^

A comparison of content-based and context-based teaching on ninth-grade mathematics achievement

The purpose of this study was to determine if an experimental context-based delivery format for mathematics would be more effective than a traditional model for increasing the performance in mathematics of at-risk students in a public high school of choice, as evidenced by significant gains in achievement on the standards-based Mathematics subtest of the FCAT and final academic grades in Algebra I. The guiding rationale for this approach is captured in the Secretary's Commission on Achieving Necessary Skills (SCANS) report of 1992 that resulted in school-to-work initiatives (United States Department of Labor). Also, the charge for educational reform has been codified at the state level as Educational Accountability Act of 1971 (Florida Statutes, 1995) and at the national level as embodied in the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001. A particular focus of educational reform is low performing, at-risk students. ^ This dissertation explored the effects of a context-based curricular reform designed to enhance the content of Algebra I content utilizing a research design consisting of two delivery models: a traditional content-based course; and, a thematically structured, content-based course. In this case, the thematic element was business education as there are many advocates in career education who assert that this format engages students who are often otherwise disinterested in mathematics in a relevant, SCANS skills setting. The subjects in each supplementary course were ninth grade students who were both low performers in eighth grade mathematics and who had not passed the eighth grade administration of the standards-based FCAT Mathematics subtest. The sample size was limited to two groups of 25 students and two teachers. The site for this study was a public charter school. Student-generated performance data were analyzed using descriptive statistics. ^ Results indicated that contrary to the beliefs held by many, contextual presentation of content did not cause significant gains in either academic performance or test performance for those in the experimental treatment group. Further, results indicated that there was no meaningful difference in performance between the two groups. ^

Development of a Game-Based Mathematics Curriculum for Preschool

America’s deficiency in mathematics can be benefitted by an emphasis in mathematics from an early age. An effective math curriculum for preschool should consist of the most important aspects of early childhood mathematics, including number writing and identification, one-to-one correspondence, cardinality, number comparison, ordinality, number sequence, and number bonds.