991 resultados para Guerre polono-soviétique (1919-1920) -- Femmes
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The voluntary associations dealt with in this dissertation were ethnic clubs and societies promoting the interests of German immigrants in Finland and Sweden. The associations were founded at the end of the 19th century as well as at the beginning of the 20th century during a time in which migration was high, the civil society grew rapidly and nationalism flourished. The work includes over 70 different associations in Finland and Sweden with a number of members ranging from ten to at most 2, 500. The largest and most important associations were situated in Helsinki and Stockholm where also most of the German immigrants lived. The main aim of this work is to explore to what extent and how the changes in government in Germany during 1910 to 1950 were reflected in the structures and participants, financial resources and meeting places, networks and activities of the German associations in Finland and Sweden. The study also deals with how a collective German national identity was created within the German associations. The period between 1910 and 1950 has been described by Hobsbawm as the apogee of nationalism. Nationalism and transnationalism are therefore key elements in the work. Additionally the research deals with theories about associations, networking and identity. The analysis is mostly based on minutes of meetings, descriptions of festivities, annual reports and historical outlines about the associations. Archival sources from the German legations, the German Foreign Office, and Finnish and Swedish officials such as the police and the Foreign Offices are also used. The study shows that the collective national identity in the associations during the Weimar Republic mostly went back to the time of the Wilhelmine Empire. It is argued that this fact, the cultural propaganda and the aims of the Weimar Republic to strengthen the contacts between Germany and the German associations abroad, and the role of the German legations and envoys finally helped the small groups of NSDAP to infiltrate, systematically coordinate and finally centralize the German associational life in Finland and Sweden. The Gleichschaltung did not go as smoothly as the party wanted, though. There was a small but consistent opposition that continued to exist in Finland until 1941 and in Sweden until 1945. The collective national identity was displayed much more in Sweden than in Finland, where the associations kept a lower profile. The reasons for the profile differences can be found in the smaller number of German immigrants in Finland and the greater German propaganda in Sweden, but also in the Finnish association act from 1919 and the changes in it during the 1920s and 1930s. Finally, the research shows how the loss of two world wars influenced the associations. It argues that 1918 made the German associations more vulnerable to influence from Germany, whereas 1945 brought the associational life back to where it once started as welfare, recreational and school associations.
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Resumen: El artículo trata sobre la formación de una fracción de la elite dirigente porteña en el paso del siglo xix al xx. La carrera de derecho siempre estuvo ligada al poder político y a la formación de la clase dirigente porteña. A través de los discursos de colación de grados de los doctores en jurisprudencia se busca indagar en los aspectos que los propios actores rescataban de su formación académica y su función social. Esta mirada tiene como objetivo destacar el rol de la Facultad de Derecho y Ciencias Sociales de la Universidad de Buenos Aires como canal de acceso privilegiado a la clase dirigente. Al tiempo se intenta observar como la preparación brindada en sus aulas no buscaba necesariamente la formación para el desempeño de la profesión de abogados sino que estaba orientada a la formación de dirigentes políticos.
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Resumen: El anarquismo encontró en el internacionalismo un elemento esencial para la unión del movimiento libertario, pues consideraba que una alianza universal se lograría sólo atravesando las fronteras. Fueron numerosos los pensadores ácratas que buscaron cumplir este objetivo y que, desde su papel de teóricos-militantes, no sólo contribuyeron a la conformación del universo intelectual anarquista en Buenos Aires en las primeras décadas del siglo XX sino que, a través de su rol de agentes activos en el proceso de gestación, recepción y circulación de ideas, intentaron relacionar el anarquismo local con el latinoamericano y el europeo. Dentro de este grupo se destacó, entre los años 1920 y 1930, Diego Abad de Santillán quien, tanto en su papel de teórico como de militante, periodista, escritor, editor y traductor, constituyó una pieza fundamental para el engranaje intelectual libertario desplegado entre Europa y América Latina, e integró el conjunto de pensadores que lideraron el anarquismo argentino. Al cruzar ambos movimientos, no sólo actuó como nexo sino que también buscó representar, y dar respuestas, a los múltiples y variados intereses de la clase trabajadora.
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‘Relations veritables et curieuses de l'Isle de Madagascar, et du Bresil’, de responsabilidade do livreiro Augustin Courbé, foi redigida em parte por Morisot, de DiJon, com base em documentos fornecidos pelos irmãos Dupuy. A obra, composta por dois volumes reunidos em um tomo, contém diversos relatos. Muita confusão existe acerca dessa edição de Courbé, seja relativamente ao número de volumes da obra, seja quanto à autoria dos relatos. Borba de Moraes a firma que "esses erros decorrem da raridade do trabalho completo". O primeiro volume, apresentado sob o titulo geral ‘Relations veritables et curieuses de l’Isle de Madagascar, et du Bresil’, contém os trabalhos ‘Relation du voyage de François Couché...: De la religion, moeurs, et façons de faire de ceux de I'Lsle de Madagascar: colloque entre le madagascarois et le françois...’, e ‘Re1ation du voyage de Roulox Baro’. O segundo volume é intitulado ‘Histoire des derniers troubles du Bresil entre les hollandois et les portugais’ e foi escrito por Pierre Moreau, cujo texto ocupa as 212 páginas iniciais. Além deste, constam do volume ‘Trois relations d'Egypte et autres memoires...’ e a ‘Relation d'um voyage de Perse’. Prod uzida a partir da observação dos fatos ocorridos durante o período de sua permanência em Pernambuco durante a ocupação pelos holandeses, a obra de Moreau é de capital importância para o estudo da situação socioeconômica de Pernambuco sob o domínio holandês. A edição de A. Courbé, conhecido livreiro que se estabeleceu em Paris de 1629 a 1660, teve o projeto das ilustrações a cargo de Jean Picard, oriundo de uma famosa família de gravadores, cujo nome aparece no primeiro volume apenas, segundo Borba de Moraes
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Parte 1 - Atos do Poder Legislativo.
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As negociações entre Portugal e Holanda a respeito da devolução dos territórios portugueses ocupados se desenvolveram ao longo de um decênio. As propostas iniciais de Portugal referiam-se aos territórios ocupados pelos holandeses na África e no Maranhão. Estão no raríssimo folheto.
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Illustré de 12 dessins impremés en 2 couleurs
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Sinopse dos trabalhos da Câmara dos Deputados, em 1919
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Anexo da Sinopse dos trabalhos da Câmara dos Deputados, em 1919.
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Sinopse dos trabalhos da Câmara dos Deputados, em 1920.
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This paper tries to develop more generally some fundamental bases for the ecological study of freshwater plankton. A special attention is given to the phytoplankton associations which can be separated out and made into groups according to their dependence upon changing environments. Plankton formations in different types of water bodies (ponds, lakes and rivers) are studied.
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Oso ohikoa da landa eremuko emakumeen bizitzaren imaginarioa negatiboa izatea, eta are gehiago, aurreko mendean jaiotakoena emakumeena, egungo belaunaldi zaharrenarena alegia. Esklabizatutako emakumetzat ditu gaur egungo gizarteak, baina ikerketa honen bitartez frogatu nahi da euren bizimodua gaur egungo bizimoduaren ezberdina besterik ez dela, ez hobeagoa ezta okerragoa ere, soilik, beste modu batekoa. Honetarako, emakume hauen denboraren inguruko bizipenei eta ulermenari erreparatuko diogu.
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Esta tese tem como proposta uma leitura de aspiração ensaística da correspondência entre os escritores Carlos Drummond de Andrade e Mário de Andrade durante o Modernismo, entre 1924 e 1929, com destaque para a afirmação da identidade do poeta brasileiro em sua relação com o nacionalismo. A correspondência, abordada como diálogo epistolar, é analisada cronologicamente, relacionando os temas propostos à produção artística dos escritores. A troca de opinião sobre originais dos próprios autores é um dos focos da análise do texto, em especial as cartas que envolvem a gênese do livro Alguma poesia, publicado por Carlos Drummond de Andrade em 1930. As cartas têm como antecedente o cuidado de si, oriundo da cultura greco-romana, exercido pelos antigos filósofos como um exercício espiritual e de reflexão sobre o cotidiano. Desse modo, a partir do convite epistolar de devotar-se ao Brasil feito por Mário, Carlos elabora poemas como respostas, em um diálogo que ganha permanência poética
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Background: The impact of socio-demographic factors and baseline health on the mortality burden of seasonal and pandemic influenza remains debated. Here we analyzed the spatial-temporal mortality patterns of the 1918 influenza pandemic in Spain, one of the countries of Europe that experienced the highest mortality burden. Methods: We analyzed monthly death rates from respiratory diseases and all-causes across 49 provinces of Spain, including the Canary and Balearic Islands, during the period January-1915 to June-1919. We estimated the influenza-related excess death rates and risk of death relative to baseline mortality by pandemic wave and province. We then explored the association between pandemic excess mortality rates and health and socio-demographic factors, which included population size and age structure, population density, infant mortality rates, baseline death rates, and urbanization. Results: Our analysis revealed high geographic heterogeneity in pandemic mortality impact. We identified 3 pandemic waves of varying timing and intensity covering the period from Jan-1918 to Jun-1919, with the highest pandemic-related excess mortality rates occurring during the months of October-November 1918 across all Spanish provinces. Cumulative excess mortality rates followed a south-north gradient after controlling for demographic factors, with the North experiencing highest excess mortality rates. A model that included latitude, population density, and the proportion of children living in provinces explained about 40% of the geographic variability in cumulative excess death rates during 1918-19, but different factors explained mortality variation in each wave. Conclusions: A substantial fraction of the variability in excess mortality rates across Spanish provinces remained unexplained, which suggests that other unidentified factors such as comorbidities, climate and background immunity may have affected the 1918-19 pandemic mortality rates. Further archeo-epidemiological research should concentrate on identifying settings with combined availability of local historical mortality records and information on the prevalence of underlying risk factors, or patient-level clinical data, to further clarify the drivers of 1918 pandemic influenza mortality.