941 resultados para Differences-in-Differences method


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Este trabalho consiste em realizar a modelagem, via elementos finitos (EF) 2,5D, do efeito da topografia do terreno sobre dados obtidos com o método eletromagnético a multi-frequência (EMMF). Este método usa como fonte uma grande espira quadrada de corrente elétrica com centenas de metros de lado, e como receptores, bobinas posicionadas na horizontal em alinhamento com o transmissor. A subsuperfície é representada por heterogeneidades bidimensionais imersas em um meio horizontalmente estratificado. A formulação, partindo das equações de Maxwell, é desenvolvida a partir da separação do campo eletromagnético em primário (campos no hospedeiro multi-estratificado) e secundário (diferença entre o campo total e o primário). O domínio discretizado é descrito por uma malha não estruturada, com elementos triangulares. Para calcular as componentes derivadas da solução de elementos finitos, em um determinado nó da malha, foi usada a média aritmética das derivadas das funções bases de EF em torno daquele nó. O código de modelagem construído permite quantificar e analisar como os gradientes topográficos influenciam as medidas dos campos eletromagnéticos gerados. A aplicação é a avaliação dessas influências sobre a componente radial do campo da espira na superfície terrestre, que é a componente empregada no método eletromagnético a multi-frequência (EMMF).

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Psicologia - FCLAS

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Pós-graduação em Ciência e Tecnologia de Materiais - FC

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Objective. To review the literature regarding the application of the notion of user embracement and to identify the contributions of this concept for primary health care practices in Brazil.Method. We carried out an integrative review of the literature regarding primary health care. The following databases were searched: LILACS, SciELO, and MEDLINE, covering the period from 2006 to 2010. The following search terms were used in LILACS and SciELO: acolhimento and programa saude da familia and saude. For MEDLINE, the terms user embracement and family health program and health were used. The review was performed in November 2010.Results. We identified 21 articles meeting the inclusion criteria, all of which described studies carried out in Brazil. The articles were divided into three empirical categories: integration and embracement; primary care work process; and evaluation of services. These are complementary categories that converge to two main views of embracement: the first sees embracement as a means of reorganizing the primary health care environment, and the second sees embracement as an attitude towards users. The review also shows that embracement may be a management tool that supports the Unified Health System and is associated with the principles of comprehensiveness and universality.Conclusions. Embracement is able to create a bond between health care workers and users. It promotes self-care, a better understanding of disease, as well as user co-responsibility for treatment. In addition, it facilitates universal access, strengthens multiprofessional and intersectoral work, qualifies care, humanizes practices, and encourages actions to combat prejudice. Nevertheless, the perspective of health care users regarding embracement deserves more attention and should be the focus of future studies.

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Animal behavioral parameters can be used to assess welfare status in commercial broiler breeders. Behavioral parameters can be monitored with a variety of sensing devices, for instance, the use of video cameras allows comprehensive assessment of animal behavioral expressions. Nevertheless, the development of efficient methods and algorithms to continuously identify and differentiate animal behavior patterns is needed. The objective this study was to provide a methodology to identify hen white broiler breeder behavior using combined techniques of image processing and computer vision. These techniques were applied to differentiate body shapes from a sequence of frames as the birds expressed their behaviors. The method was comprised of four stages: (1) identification of body positions and their relationship with typical behaviors. For this stage, the number of frames required to identify each behavior was determined; (2) collection of image samples, with the isolation of the birds that expressed a behavior of interest; (3) image processing and analysis using a filter developed to separate white birds from the dark background; and finally (4) construction and validation of a behavioral classification tree, using the software tool Weka (model 148). The constructed tree was structured in 8 levels and 27 leaves, and it was validated using two modes: the set training mode with an overall rate of success of 96.7%, and the cross validation mode with an overall rate of success of 70.3%. The results presented here confirmed the feasibility of the method developed to identify white broiler breeder behavior for a particular group of study. Nevertheless, more improvements in the method can be made in order to increase the validation overall rate of success. (C) 2013 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.

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Pós-graduação em Saúde Coletiva - FMB

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)

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Pós-graduação em Matemática em Rede Nacional - IBILCE

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Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)

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Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Científico e Tecnológico (CNPq)

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Coordenação de Aperfeiçoamento de Pessoal de Nível Superior (CAPES)