Congenital eruption cyst: a case report

Congenital pathologies are those existing at or dating from birth. Occurrence of congenital cystic lesions in the oral cavity is uncommon in neonates. Eruption cyst (EC) is listed among these unusual lesions. It occurs within the mucosa overlying teeth that are about to erupt and, according to the current World Health Organization (WHO) classification of epithelial cysts of the jaws, EC is a separate entity. This paper presents a case of congenital EC successfully managed by close monitoring of the lesion, without any surgical procedure or tooth extraction. Eruption of the teeth involved, primary central incisors, occurred at the fourth month of age. During this time neither the child nor mother had any complication such as pain on sucking, refusal to feed, airway obstruction, or aspiration of fluids or teeth.

Oral findings and dental care in a patient with myelomeningocele: case report of a 3-year-old child

Myelomeningocele (MMC) is a congenital malformation of the neural tube that occurs in the first weeks of pregnancy. This malformation refers to the caudal non-closure of the neural tube and neural tissue exposure, which lead to neurological problems, such as hydrocephalus, motor disability, genitourinary tract and skeletal abnormalities and mental retardation. Patients with MMC have an acknowledged predisposition to latex allergy and are usually at a high caries risk and activity due to poor oral hygiene, fermentable carbon hydrate-rich diet and prolonged use of sugar-containing medications. This paper addresses the common oral findings in pediatric patients with MMC, discusses the strategies and precautions to deal with these individuals and reports the dental care to a young child diagnosed with this condition.

Effect of different cleansers on the surface of removable partial denture

Removable partial dentures (RPD) demand specific hygienic cleaning and the combination of brushing with immersion in chemical solutions has been the most recommended method for control of biofilm. However, the effect of the cleansers on metallic components has not been widely investigated. This study evaluated the effect of different cleansers on the surface of RPD. Five disc specimens (12 mm x 3 mm metallic disc centered in a 38 x 18 x 4 mm mould filled with resin) were obtained for each experimental situation: 6 solutions [Periogard (PE), Cepacol (CE), Corega Tabs (CT), Medical Interporous (MI), Polident (PO), 0.05% sodium hypochlorite (NaOCl), and distilled water (DW) control] and 2 Co-Cr alloys [DeguDent (DD) and VeraPDI (VPDI)] were used for each experimental situation. A 180-day immersion was simulated and the measurements of roughness (Ra, ��m) of metal and resin were analyzed using 2-way ANOVA and Tukey’s test. The surface changes and tarnishes were examined with a scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). In addition, energy dispersive x-ray spectrometry (EDS) analysis was carried out at representative areas. Visually, NaOCl and MI specimens presented surface tarnishes. The roughness of materials was not affected by the solutions (p>0.05). SEM images showed that NaOCl and MI provided surface changes. EDS analysis revealed the presence of oxygen for specimens in contact with both MI and NaOCl solutions, which might suggest that the two solutions promoted the oxidation of the surfaces, thus leading to spot corrosion. Within the limitations of this study, it may be concluded that the NaOCl and MI may not be suitable for cleaning of RPD.

Altera����es dimensionais do c��ndilo mandibular em indiv��duos de 3 a 20 anos de idade usando tomografia computadorizada de feixe c��nico: um estudo preliminar

INTRODU����O: o exame de tomografia computadorizada de feixe c��nico (TCFC) oferece excelente representa����o dos tecidos duros da articula����o temporomandibular (ATM). OBJETIVO: investigar as altera����es morfol��gicas do c��ndilo mandibular, da inf��ncia �� idade adulta, utilizando a TCFC. M��TODOS: um estudo transversal foi conduzido envolvendo 36 c��ndilos de 18 indiv��duos com idades variando entre 3 e 20 anos. As imagens dos c��ndilos foram obtidas por meio do sistema i-CAT e medidas com uma ferramenta do programa espec��fica para ATM, que permite cortes perpendiculares �� cabe��a do c��ndilo, com corre����o individual em fun����o das diferen��as angulares de cada um. As maiores dist��ncias nas vistas lateral e frontal foram consideradas tanto para os c��ndilos do lado direto como para os do lado esquerdo. RESULTADOS: a dimens��o lateral do c��ndilo mandibular parece ser estabelecida de maneira precoce, sofrendo poucas altera����es com o passar dos anos, enquanto a dimens��o frontal tende a aumentar. Assimetrias entre o c��ndilo esquerdo e o direito foram comumente observadas; no entanto, tais diferen��as n��o apresentaram signific��ncia estat��stica para as vistas lateral (P=0,815) e frontal (P=0,374). CONCLUS��ES: os c��ndilos apresentaram simetria com rela����o ao tamanho, sendo observado crescimento apenas na dimens��o frontal Os resultados sugerem que a TCFC constitui-se numa ferramenta ��til na mensura����o e avalia����o das dimens��es condilares.

Immediate implants placed into infected sockets: a case report with 3-year follow-up

The esthetics and functional integrity of the periodontal tissue may be compromised by dental loss. Immediate implants became a viable option to maintain the periodontal architecture because of their anatomic compatibility with the dental socket and the possibility of eliminating local contamination. This article describes the procedure of immediate implant placement in the anterior maxilla replacing teeth with chronic periapical lesions, which were condemned due to endodontic lesions persisting after failed endodontic treatment and endodontic surgery, and discusses the relationship between the procedure and periapical lesions. Surgical removal of hopeless teeth 11, 12 and 21 was performed conservatively in such a way to preserve the anatomy and gingival esthetics. A second surgical access was gained at the apical level, allowing the debridement of the surgical chamber for elimination of the periapical lesion, visual orientation for setting of the implants and filling of the surgical chamber with xenogenous bovine bone graft. After this procedure, the bone chamber was covered with an absorbent membrane and the healing screws were positioned on the implants. Later, a provisional partial removable denture was installed and the implants were inserted after 6 months. After 3 years of rehabilitation, the implants present satisfactory functional and esthetic conditions, suggesting that immediate implant placement combined with guided bone regeneration may be indicated for replacing teeth lost due to chronic periapical lesions with endodontic failure history in the anterior maxilla.

O exerc��cio f��sico melhora a sensibilidade �� insulina de ratos expostos �� fuma��a de cigarro

INTRODU����O E OBJETIVO: Sabe-se que o tabagismo pode provocar altera����es cardiovasculares e redu����o na sensibilidade �� insulina, e que o exerc��cio f��sico melhora este quadro. O objetivo do estudo foi avaliar o efeito do tabagismo e da pr��tica de atividade f��sica sobre a sensibilidade �� insulina em m��sculo card��aco de ratos, atrav��s da avalia����o de express��o do transportador de glicose GLUT4. M��TODOS: Ratos machos Wistar foram divididos em quatro grupos: (CS) controle, (CE) controle exercitado, (FS) fumante sedent��rio e (FE) fumante submetido ao exerc��cio f��sico. Os grupos FS e FE foram submetidos �� combust��o de quatro cigarros/30 min/60 dias, 2x/dia. Os grupos CE e FE executaram corrida em esteira rolante durante 60 min/60 dias. Foi realizado teste de toler��ncia �� insulina, e a express��o de GLUT4 no cora����o foi feita atrav��s de Western Blotting - ECL e RT-PCR. Foi utilizado m��todo estat��stico descritivo e o teste ANOVA, e as diferen��as entre os grupos foram consideradas significantes quando P < 0,05. RESULTADOS: Nem o tabagismo nem a atividade f��sica alteraram o peso corp��reo (CS: 364,7 �� 9,7; CE: 372,4 �� 7,2, FS: 368,9 �� 6,7; FE: 376,4 �� 7,8g) e o peso do cora����o (CS: 1,12 �� 0,05; CE: 1,16 �� 0,04; FS: 1,14 �� 0,05; FE: 1,19 �� 0,05g). A sensibilidade �� insulina foi reduzida no grupo fumante, por��m, a pr��tica de exerc��cio f��sico melhorou este quadro (CS: 3,7 �� 0,3; CE: 5,28 �� 0,5*; FS: 2,1 �� 0,7*; FE: 4,8 �� 0,09** %/min; *P < 0,05 vs. CS, **P < 0,05 vs. FS). Os conte��dos de RNAm e de prote��na n��o se alteraram entre os grupos. Por��m, quando se calculou o conte��do total de prote��na GLUT4 por grama de tecido, observou-se que o tabagismo causou redu����o e que o exerc��cio induziu aumento neste par��metro (CS: 119,72 �� 9,98; CE: 143,09 �� 9,09; FS: 84,36 �� 10,99*; FE: 132,18 �� 11,40# UA/g tecido, *P < 0,05 vs. CS, #P < 0,01 vs. FS). CONCLUS��O: Conclui-se que o tabagismo reduz a sensibilidade �� insulina e a capacidade do cora����o captar glicose. J�� a pr��tica de exerc��cio f��sico moderado reverte este quadro por completo.

A new bianthron glycoside as inhibitor of Trypanosoma cruzi glyceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase activity

A phytochemical investigation of the ethanolic extract of stalks of Senna martiana Benth. (Leguminoseae), native specie of northeast Brazil, resulted in the isolation and spectroscopic characterization of a new bianthrone glycoside, martianine 1 (10,10'-il-chrysophanol-10-oxi10,10'-bi-glucosyl). Its identification was established by HRMS, IR and 2D NMR experiments. The evaluation of martianine trypanocidal activity was carried out against gliceraldehyde 3-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme from Trypanosoma cruzi. Its inhibitory constant (Ki) is in the low micromolar concentration and it was determined by isothermal titration calorimetry to be 27.3 �� 2.47 ��mol L-1. The non-competitive mechanism is asserted to be putative of the mode of action martianine displays against T. cruzi GAPDH. Results show that martianine has a great potential to become new lead molecule by inhibiting this key enzyme and for the development of new drugs against Chagas disease.

Synthesis, screening for antiacetylcholinesterase activity and binding mode prediction of a new series of [3-(disubstituted-phosphate)-4,4,4-trifluoro-butyl]-carbamic acid ethyl esters

A series of nine new [3-(disubstituted-phosphate)-4,4,4-trifluoro-butyl]-carbamic acid ethyl esters (phosphate-carbamate compounds) was obtained through the reaction of (4,4,4-trifluoro-3-hydroxybut-1-yl)-carbamic acid ethyl esters with phosphorus oxychloride followed by the addition of alcohols. The products were characterized by ��H, 13C, 31P, and 19F NMR spectroscopy, GC-MS, and elemental analysis. All the synthesized compounds were screened for acetylcholinesterase (AChE) inhibitory activity using the Ellman method. All compounds containing phosphate and carbamate pharmacophores in their structures showed enzyme inhibition, being the compound bearing the diethoxy phosphate group (2b) the most active compound. Molecular modeling studies were performed to investigate the detailed interactions between AChE active site and small-molecule inhibitor candidates, providing valuable structural insights into AChE inhibition.

Screening of Trypanosoma cruzi glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase enzyme inhibitors

The inhibitory activity of crude extracts of Meliaceae and Rutaceae plants on glycosomal glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase (gGAPDH) enzyme from Trypanosoma cruzi was evaluated at 100 &#956;g/mL. Forty-six extracts were tested and fifteen of them showed significant inhibitory activity (IA % > 50). The majority of the assayed extracts of Meliaceae plants (Cedrela fissilis, Cipadessa fruticosa and Trichilia ramalhoi) showed high ability to inhibit the enzymatic activity. The fractionation of the hexane extract from branches of C. fruticosa led to the isolation of three flavonoids: flavone, 7-methoxyflavone and 3',4',5',5,7-pentamethoxyflavone. The two last compounds showed high ability to inhibit the gGAPDH activity. Therefore, the assayed Meliaceae species could be considered as a promising source of lead compounds against Chagas' disease.

Flaubert e o crep��sculo do sujeito: uma an��lise do conto "Um cora����o simples"

A literatura francesa e mundial passaram por uma enorme transforma����o ao longo do s��culo XIX. A primorosa escrita de Flaubert ��, para al��m de sua import��ncia est��tica, reveladora de um novo modo de se escrever, ler e representar o homem no mundo moderno. O cuidado na constru����o do texto, a utiliza����o de imagens pl��sticas e figuras de linguagem, ao mesmo tempo em que o narrador torna-se invis��vel no emprego do discurso indireto livre s��o caracter��sticos da escrita flaubertiana. O autor apresenta-nos em "Um cora����o simples" um "retrato" de F��licit��, mulher pobre do interior da Fran��a, modelo virtuoso de uma ��tica evanescente. Ao acompanhar, por meio do conto, os passos e desventuras de Felicit��, sob as lentes deste novo narrador, buscamos evidenciar as condi����es que circundam o aparecimento de um olhar cient��fico-objetivo para a subjetividade humana, logo transformada em objeto de uma nascente Psicologia.

Avalia����o da mem��ria de trabalho em crian��as com transtorno do d��ficit de aten����o e hiperatividade

Esse projeto investigou as habilidades cognitivas da Mem��ria de Trabalho de crian��as e adolescentes com o ���Transtorno do D��ficit de Aten����o e Hiperatividade��� (TDAH). Foi aplicado teste TIHC - Teste Infantil de Habilidades Cognitivas informatizado, avaliando principalmente cinco habilidades cognitivas Racioc��nio Indutivas (RI), Mem��ria de Armazenamento Auditiva (MAA) e Visual e Mem��ria de Trabalho Auditiva (MTA) e Visual (MTV) usando o modelo de Cattell-Horn-Carroll. O teste foi aplicado em 62 sujeitos sendo 32 com TDAH do Hospital das Cl��nicas-SEPIA-USP e 30 sujeitos controle ���normal��� do Ensino Fundamental da rede municipal de 1�� �� 8�� s��ries com idades entre 7 e 15 anos, de ambos os sexos. As an��lises executadas indicaram a exist��ncia de diferen��as em diversos aspectos relacionados �� mem��ria nos tipos peculiares de crian��as com TDAH. Verificou-se que as crian��as com TDAH obtiveram bom desempenho nas provas de mem��ria visual em detrimento as provas de mem��ria auditiva. A correla����o dos resultados do TIHC verificara que o tempo de rea����o da prova de mem��ria de armazenamento visual manteve uma correla����o significativa com a prova de c��lculo.

Sublima����o e puls��o de morte: a desfus��o pulsional

Com o advento do segundo dualismo pulsional freudiano, surge uma s��rie de mudan��as no entendimento da sublima����o. Essa passa a se apresentar como a causa por excel��ncia da desfus��o das puls��es, o que nos leva a um paradoxo: ao mesmo tempo em que a sublima����o �� a base da cultura, ela �� tamb��m causa da destrutividade no seio dessa mesma cultura. A puls��o de morte resultante da desfus��o das puls��es, por sua vez, teria consequ��ncias tanto em cada indiv��duo quanto na cultura como um todo, tal como o que se observa em rela����o ao primado da imagem na sociedade contempor��nea. Este artigo busca discutir alguns dos efeitos da puls��o de morte desfusionada, entendida como resultado da sublima����o, principalmente no que tange �� sublima����o implicada na cria����o liter��ria.

Unusual 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene (DPH) spectrophotometric behavior in water/ethanol and water/DMSO mixtures

The absorption spectra of DPH at fixed concentration do not change with water content in organic solvents. It exhibits monomer bands, such as those obtained in ethanol. The absorption did not change for solutions up to 54 and 46% of water in ethanol and DMSO, respectively, for [DPH] = 5.0 �� 10-6 mol L-1 at 30 ��C. However, at the same experimental conditions, a gradual sharp decay of the DPH fluorescence is observed. It is proposed that water molecules below these water concentration limits act as quenchers of the excited states of DPH. Stern-Volmer quenching constants by intensities measurements are 7.4 �� 10-2 (water/ethanol) and 2.6 �� 10-2 L mol-1 (water/DMSO). DPH lifetime measurements in the absence and presence of water resulted in 7.1 �� 10-2 L mol-1 in water/ethanol, which pointed out that the process is a dynamic quenching by water molecules. For experiments using DPH as probe, this process can affect data, leading to misunderstanding interpretation.