794 resultados para Art 3 Ley 223 de 1995
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The goal of this research was to evaluate two tips of spraying nozzles (hollow cone nozzle and two flat fan nozzle annexed to a nozzle body DUO) and three spray volumes (100, 150 and 200 dm3 ha-1), whose application was for the control of the Asian soybean rust. An area of 288 m 2 was used, with a randomized blocks design in a factorial 2×3 with 4 repetitions, total of 24 experimental parcels of 12 m2. For the spraying with hydraulical nozzles a costal spray of constant pressure kept by C02 compressed with bar of 2 m was used. The analysis of the covering percentage was carried through by means of the use of hidro-sensible paper, that was placed in three position of the plant what it represents, in height, the third superior, average and inferior of the canopy. For both the third no interaction between the evaluated factors, was found and meither difference statistics between the spraying tips and the volumes. In absolute values the twin flat fan nozzle DUO presented minimum difference of covering in relation to the hollow cone nozzle, and for the spray volume of 200 dm3 ha -1 presented greater covering percentage.
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Dielectric spectroscopy was used in this study to examine polycrystalline vanadium and tungstendoped BaZr 0.1Ti 0.90O 3 (BZT10:2V and BZT10:2W) ceramics obtained by the mixed oxide method. According to X-ray diffraction analyses, addition of vanadium and tungsten lead to ceramics free of secondary phases. SEM analyses reveal that both dopants result in slower oxygen ion motion and consequently lower grain growth rate. Temperature dependence dielectric study showed normal ferroelectric to paraelectric transition well above the room temperature for the BZT10 and BZT10:2V ceramics. However, BZT10:2W ceramic showed a relaxor-like behavior near phase transition characterized by the empirical parameter γ. Piezoelectric force microscopy images reveals that the piezoelectric coefficient is strongly influenced by type of donor dopant suggesting promising applications for dynamic random access memories and data-storage media. Copyright © 2010 American Scientific Publishers All rights reserved.
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A total of 24 extracts from 14 plant species collected at the state of Minas Gerais, Brazil, and belonging to five botanical families (Annonaceae, Apocynaceae, Ochnaceae, Polygonaceae and Vitaceae) was screened for cytotoxicity in cultured Vero cells and for antiviral activity against human herpes virus type 1 (HSV-1), vaccinia virus (VACV) and murine encephalomyocarditis virus (EMCV). The highest cytotoxicity (CC 50 < 10 μg/mL) was observed for the ethanol extracts from Annona coriacea fruits and seeds. Extracts from Hancornia speciosa, Ouratea castaneafolia and O. semisrrata were the only ones that have shown activity against all the three viruses assayed. Extracts from Polygonum spectabile, Hancornia speciosa, Himatanthus phagedaenica, Ouratea spectabilis and O. semiserrata were the most active against HSV-1 (EC 50 < 50 mg/mL), with favorable SI values (8.0 to 10.0). Hancornia speciosa and Anaxagorea dolichocarpa were the most active against EMCV (EC 50 50 - 100 μg/mL), with reasonable SI values (5.2 to 6.1), while moderate to low activity (EC 50 > 100 μg/mL) was observed for Ouratea spectabilis and O. semiserrata. A total of 7 plant species, Ouratea semiserrata, O. spectabilis, O. castanaeafolia, Rollinia laurifolia, Cissus erosa, Polygonum spectabile, and Hancornia speciosa, were active against VACV, disclosing EC50 < 50 μg/mL and SI values ranging from 6.6 to 67.3. In total, 10 out of the 14 species were selected from a literature survey on plants used to treat viral diseases in Brazil; these species were responsible for 70% of the positive results.
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Discurso del Excmo. Sr. Fernando Henrique Cardoso, Presidente de la República Federativa del Brasil, en la Sede de la CEPAL, Santiago de Chile, 3 de marzo de 1995
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The performance of the optimal linear feedback control and of the state-dependent Riccati equation control techniques applied to control and to suppress the chaotic motion in the atomic force microscope are analyzed. In addition, the sensitivity of each control technique regarding to parametric uncertainties are considered. Simulation results show the advantages and disadvantages of each technique. © 2013 Brazilian Society for Automatics - SBA.
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Pós-graduação em Educação - FFC
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This case report describes the sequential steps that were used to treat unesthetic, white, hard-texture enamel stains of unknown etiology. A tapered fine diamond bur was used to remove superficial enamel followed by the use of an enamel microabrasion compound Opalustre (Ultradent Products Inc). This technique removed the stains and was followed by polishing with a fluoride paste to restore the enamel to a smooth finish. The teeth were subsequently bleached with carbamide peroxide (Opalescence 10%, Ultradent Products), which achieved the patient's desired esthetic results.
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The reverse Monte Carlo (RMC) method generates sets of points in space which yield radial distribution functions (RDFS) that approximate those of the system of interest. Such sets of configurations should, in principle, be sufficient to determine the structural properties of the system. In this work we apply the RMC technique to fluids of hard diatomic molecules. The experimental RDFs of the hard-dimer fluid were generated by the conventional MC method and used as input in the RMC simulations. Our results indicate that the RMC method is only satisfactory in determining the local structure of the fluid studied by means of only mono-variable RDF. Also we suggest that the use of multi-variable RDFs would improve the technique significantly. However, the accuracy of the method turned out to be very sensitive to the variance of the input experimental RDF. © 1995.
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Monte Carlo simulations of water-tetrahydrofuran (THF) mixtures were performed in the isothermal-isobaric ensemble (NPT) at T = 298 K and p = 1 atm. The interaction energy was calculated using the TIP4P model for water and a five-site united atom representation for the THF molecule. The potential energy surfaces for water-THF interactions were obtained by using combining rules and the original potential functions used for pure liquids. Theoretical values obtained for the average interaction energy as a function of concentration are in good agreement with available experimental data. Results from the partitioning of the total interaction energy into water-water, water-THF and THF-THF contributions are presented. These results are useful to distinguish between the quantitative contributions of these molecular interactions to the energetic behavior of the water-THF mixing process. The radial distribution functions for HW-OTHF and OW-OTHF site-site interactions show the salient features of hydrogen-bonded liquids. Comparison of the average number of water-water complexes interacting through hydrogen bonding in water-THF and water-methanol mixtures shows an enhancement of the water-water coordination number in a THF rich environment. © 1995.
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To determine whether central α1 and α2-adrenergic mechanisms are involved in urinary sodium and potassium excretion and urine volume induced by angiotensin II (ANGII), these renal parameters were measured in volume-expanded Holtzman rats with cannulas implanted into lateral ventricle (LV) and lateral hypothalamus (LH). The injection of ANGII into LV in rats with volume expansion reduced the sodium, potassium and urine excretion in comparison to the control injections of isotonic saline, whereas prazosin (α1 antagonist) potentiated these effects. Clonidine (α2 agonist) and yohimbine (α2 antagonist) injected into LH previous to injection of ANGII into LV also abolished the inhibitory effect of ANGII. These results suggest that the discharge of central alpha-adrenergic receptors has dual inhibitory and excitatory effect on antinatriuretic, antikaliuretic and antidiuretic effect induced by central ANGII in volume-expanded rats. © 1995.
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Forty-five Brazilian populations of freshwater Audouinella were analysed using multivariate morphometrics. These populations were statistically related to seven type specimens. Five species are recognised on the basis of qualitative (plant colour and size, basal system type and branch angle) and quantitative (length and diameter of vegetative cells and monosporangia) characters. A. hermannii (syn. A. violacea) is characterised by a reddish colour, an irregular prostrate basal system, open branch angles (greater than or equal to 25 degrees) and small monosporangia (less than or equal to 15 mu m in diameter). A. macrospora (syn. A. chalybea var. brasiliensis) is distinguished from the other Brazilian species by having a bluish colour, a basal system composed of well-developed rhizoids, narrow branch angles (< 25 degrees) and large monosporangia (greater than or equal to 15 mu m in diameter). A. meiospora is microscopic and has a reddish colour, a basal system composed of creeping filaments, narrow branch angles and small monosporangia. A. pysmaea (syn. A. leibleinii) is characterised by being bluish, having an irregular prostrate basal system, narrow branch angles and small monosporangia. A, tenella is distinct from the other species by having a reddish colour, an irregular prostrate basal system, open branch angles, small monosporangia and small vegetative cells (less than or equal to 6 mu m in diameter). An identification key and revised descriptions and synonyms are presented for the five species. A. meiospora and A. tenella are reported for the first time for Brazil. A. macrospora and A. pygmaea were the most widespread species and occurred in tropical and subtropical regions. A. meiospora was found at two sites in a tropical rainforest region, whereas A. hermannii and A. tenella were found at only one site. Selected physical and chemical environmental data (temperature, specific conductance, current velocity, turbidity, pH and dissolved oxygen) are presented for most species.
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Forty-four stream segments were sampled from May to October in 1992 and 1993 in the northwest region of São Paulo State, southeastern Brazil (19 degrees 45'-21 degrees 25'S, 49 degrees 05'-51 degrees 30'S). Thirty-six macroalgal subgeneric taxa were found and Chlorophyta was the dominant algal group (47% species), followed by Cyanophyta (33.5%), Rhodophyta (14%) and Chrysophyta (5.5%). The most widespread species were Stigeoclonium helveticum (25% sites), Batrachospermum delicatulum and Compsopogon coeruleus (20.5%). Distribution was patchy, with species number per sampling site ranging from 0 to six (3.1 +/- 1.7) and correlated positively with species abundance. Species cover ranged from 0 to 61% of the stream bottom (19.1 +/- 19.7%). Most sites (57%) were dominated by one or two macroalgae species. No significant difference was found between the frequency distribution of variables measured for streams and for total macroalgae, but the most widespread species differed for most parameters and occurred over wider ranges of environmental conditions. Mean species number and abundance were close to values found in distinct regions or biomes of North America. Higher conductance and lower oxygen values, as well as rocky substrata, generally constituted the most favourable combination of conditions for the development of macroalgae in the region. The pattern of strong dominance of few species was considered to be typical for stream macroalgal communities in general.
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Embora até hoje incipiente, não se pode dizer que o cinema paraense inexista. Alguns filmes realizados têm apresentado esparsas demonstrações, por vezes corajosas, de cineastas conterrâneos esforçados em usar a linguagem das imagens para captar aspectos documentais e/ ou ficcionais da sociedade, em épocas variadas. Libero Luxardo, paulista de Sorocaba, radicado em Belém desde a década de 40, insere-se entre os que já tentaram fazer cinema no Pará. Com uma obra premiada e clássica (Alma do Brasil - A Retirada da Laguna/ Mato Grosso/ 1931), pode ser visto competindo com alguns cineastas da sua época. Introduziu-se no meio paraense através da profissão que abraçara no sul, realizando documentários. Os filmes de ficção vieram depois, mas os dois gêneros usaram como background, a místico-exótica Amazônia. Uma de suas primeiras iniciativas cinematográficas para fixar-se no Pará foi Amanhã Nos Encontraremos, filme inacabado realizado na década de 40. Na segunda Interventoria de Magalhães Barata, o cineasta procurou registrar as benfeitorias governamentais dessa fase populista da política paraense. Entre os dados recolhidos da imprensa deste período, há notícias sobre os projetos a serem desenvolvidos por ele. Um outro dado muito significativo é dado pelo pesquisador Alfredo Wagner sobre a existência, na Região do Arari, de um caboclo que teria sido ator de filmes de Luxardo. A cinebiografia mais recente do cineasta aponta os seguintes filmes: Um Dia Qualquer (1962), Marajó, Barreira do Mar (1964), Um Diamante e Cinco Balas (1966) e Brutos Inocentes (1974). Da fase partidária e política, ressalta-se o documentário O Enterro de Magalhães Barata (1959), entre os inúmeros que realizou ao registrar as obras oficiais do governo baratista. O resgate histórico da passagem de Libero Luxardo pelo Pará está merecendo a atenção do pesquisador de cinema. Por ora, meu interesse em contextualizar sua obra deve-se a um tópico instigativo a ser desenvolvido: qual o olhar de Libero sobre as mulheres paraenses da década de 60 no filme Um Dia Qualquer? O tema pretende recobrir uma fase do cinema paraense, momento em que as mudanças culturais e sociais estão fazendo-se no mundo. Objetiva pensar também, nestes cem anos de cinema, as contribuições a ele dadas pela cultura paraense.
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Aceitando o desafio que é discutir um tema tão complexo e ainda não bem delimitado pelos vários ramos das ciências, sejam elas humanas ou naturais, propomo-nos rastrear o conceito GÊNERO, no âmbito do seu significado lingüístico, passando pela utilização do termo pelos movimentos de mulheres e pela Academia. Neste caminhar, percebe-se uma articulação entre movimentos sociais, especificamente o Feminismo, e as concepções teóricas emergentes no Brasil hoje.
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Here we compare the management and survival outcomes of chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) patients who had early or late imatinib mesylate (IM) therapy. The cytogenetic and molecular responses of 189 CML patients were analyzed. Of this group, 121 patients were classified as the early chronic phase (ECP) group and started IM within 12 months of diagnosis. The other 68 patients were classified as the late chronic phase (LCP) group who had been treated with interferon (IFN)-alpha-2 and crossed over to IM more than 12 months after diagnosis. The overall rates of complete cytogenetic response (CCyR) and major molecular response (MMR) at last follow-up were 83.6 and 78.1% in the ECP and LCP groups, respectively. The CCyR rates were 89.3 (for ECP patients) versus 73.5% (for LCP patients; p < 0.0001). At last follow-up, 82.4% ECP and 64.2% LCP patients had achieved an MMR (p < 0.0001). No significant differences were noted between the two groups with regard to survival outcomes. Our experience reveals that IM is an effective rescue therapy in most CML LCP patients who are intolerant or in whom IFN-alpha therapy fails. Such therapeutic options should be considered in LCP patients, particularly in countries where IM may not be available. Copyright (C) 2012 S. Karger AG, Basel