Fitxa d'avaluació de la pràctica docent. Reflexió sobre la pròpia acció i el desenvolupament de competències professionalitzadores

L’experiència mostra la millora competencial que es produeix en els estudiants de magisteri durant el seu pràcticum de tercer al utilitzar una fitxa d’autocontrol i valoració de la docència, element integrat en el portafoli del pràcticum. La fitxa és un factor incentivador de la reflexió sobre la pròpia acció i un recurs d’aprenentatge i adquisició de competències professionalitzadores (treball cooperatiu, capacitat comunicativa, dissenys avaluatius; capacitat de reflexió crítica i anàlisi de concepcions i filosofia educativa; capacitat d’innovació didàctica;...); alhora que de millora de capacitats personal (, auto coneixement; capacitat crítica; respecte a les diferències personals; ...) i, per altre costat, eina d’autoavaluació de la docència impartida i recurs per a la millora de la innovació didàctica i aprenentatge en la recerca-acció. L’experiència s’ha portat a terme durant nou cursos a la Facultat d’Educació i Psicologia de l’UdG si bé la present comunicació es centra prioritàriament en els resultats del grup del curs 2009-10 amb l’objectiu de sintetitzar i exemplificar, en un cas concret, el treball i enfoc desenvolupat en aquesta recerca. Paral·lelament, en algun cas, s’acompanyarà de valors comparatius amb els resultats globals obtinguts al llarg dels nou anys. La recerca es treballa com a estudi de casos amb l’objectiu de detectar i avaluar les opinions dels estudiants com a subjectes actius de l’experimentació. Les dades han estat tractades sota un enfoc d’anàlisi qualitativa, les quals es recolliren a partir d’un qüestionari (CVUFAD: Criteris i Valoracions de l’Ús de la Fitxa d’Autoavaluació Docent) on de manera lliure i oberta cada estudiant ha valorat els aspectes que al seu entendre ha comportat la utilització de dita fitxa. A partir del buidat de les respostes d’aquest qüestionari, s’elaborà un nou qüestionari (ICVUFAD: Incidència dels Criteris i Valoracions de l’Ús de la Fitxa d’Autoavaluació Docent) que permetés analitzar quantitativament el grau d’incidència i interiorització personal de cada un dels diferents criteris establerts pel CVUFAD. El buidat dels resultats, demostra que l’experiència resulta plenament satisfactòria i que els objectius establerts com a base del projecte han estat plenament assolits, de manera que es pot concloure que l’ús de la fitxa d’autoavaluació docent resulta ser un excel·lent recurs per ajudar a desenvolupar competències professionalitzadores i de millora personal

Campus didáctico profesional: un modelo de experiencia educativa universitaria fuera del aula ordinaria y dentro del ámbito profesional

En el marco de la investigación en acción, y tomando como objetivo básico la integración del currículo universitario en el campo del desempeño profesional, desarrollamos un estudio en la Titulación de Magisterio de Educación Infantil, durante el curso académico 2008-2009, que implicó a estudiantes, profesores, mentores de prácticas y directores de centros de práctica educativa. Empleamos cuestionarios como instrumentos básicos de medida y, como procedimiento de recogida de datos y cambio educativo, la técnica de la espiral autorreflexiva (Carr y Kemmis, 1988). Los resultados demuestran la viabilidad del modelo formativo desarrollado 'Campus Didáctico Profesional' y el grado de satisfacción de todos los implicados la experiencia

La Percepción del alumnado de la USC sobre los aprendizajes adquiridos en las prácticas escolares I

Los alumnos/as de las diferentes especialidades de la Diplomatura de Formación del Profesorado de la USC, como en las demás universidades españolas, tienen que realizar en su segundo curso las Prácticas Escolares I en un centro educativo. Estas prácticas tienen como fin la realización de determinadas tareas por parte de los alumnos/as que serán supervisadas por un tutor/a del centro educativo. El interés por conocer cómo es este primer contacto con el contexto profesional para el que se están preparando, ha conducido a un estudio basado en las opiniones de los alumnos/as participantes en las prácticas realizadas durante el curso 2009-2010

En la prehistòria dels hisendats. De senyors útils a propietaris (vegueria de Girona, 1486-1730)

A la vegueria de Girona, entre 1486 i 1730, es produeix el procés de formació històrica d'un grup social que sorgit de la pagesia s'anirà diferenciant progressivament d'aquesta: els senyors útils i propietaris de masos. Aquest grup social basa el seu poder econòmic i polític en l'acumulació de masos: font de rendes i font de l'estatus social assolit dins la parròquia i la universitat on fixa la seva residència. El seu pes social el manifesta a través dels seus espais de sociabilitat (especialment la parròquia, veritable espai de representació), però també manifesta la seva posició de preeminència, fet que pot abocar als conflictes amb el conjunt de la comunitat. Un conflicte que es planteja en termes de diferenciació dels uns i d'igualtat dels altres. És l'enfrontament entre dues visions de la societat: l'individualisme enfront el comunitarisme.

Valores culturais, orientações políticas e classes sociais : consequências nos valores de trabalho

Aborda-se a temática das estruturas de valores e consequente impacto nas atitudes e comportamentos na sociedade em geral e no trabalho em particular. Uma amostra diversificada de 157 participantes, recrutada em diferentes meios sociais, variando assim em termos etários, de qualificações académicas, de classe social e de simpatia partidária, respondeu a um questionário sobre valores, valores de trabalho e orientações políticas. Primeiro, verificámos que as orientações político-ideológicas são estruturadas em duas dimensões correlacionadas mas independentes: a esquerda-direita e o autoritarismo-liberdade. Também verificámos que diferentes dimensões supraordenadas de valores do modelo de valores universais de Schwartz estruturam os valores de trabalho e as orientações político-ideológicas, com impactos específicos sobre as funções laborais desejáveis e as preferências socioeconómico-culturais. Finalmente, os efeitos das dimensões de classe social (detenção de capital e qualificação académica) sobre as orientações político-ideológicas sugerem que as dimensões direita-esquerda e autoritarismo-liberdade, apesar de estarem correlacionadas, têm motivações e origens sociológicas diferentes.

Eu contigo, tu comigo, todos juntos: estratégias de inclusão de uma criança com diagnóstico de trissomia 21 numa turma de ensino regular

Numa época em que todas as crianças com necessidades educativas especiais estão a frequentar as escolas regulares, é fundamental repensar as práticas educativas e até que ponto são ou não condutoras de uma escola inclusiva. Este estudo acompanhou a inclusão de uma criança com diagnóstico de trissomia 21 numa turma de 1º ano. A intervenção foi realizada semanalmente, de fevereiro a junho de 2012, tendo cada sessão a duração de uma hora e trinta minutos. Utilizando como metodologia para desenvolver o projeto a modalidade qualitativa investigação-ação, as técnicas aplicadas foram a pesquisa documental, a observação naturalista, a sociometria e a entrevista. Após a caracterização da situação inicial programou-se a intervenção em parceria com a professora titular de turma, tendo sempre como preocupação o grupo/turma como um todo. Para desenvolver a intervenção recorremos a metodologias de aprendizagem cooperativa, ensino diferenciado e parceria pedagógica. A análise dos resultados indica que através do recurso a práticas de educação inclusiva é possível a inclusão de crianças com diagnóstico de trissomia 21 no ensino regular.

Body mass, territory size and life history tactics in a socially monogamous canid, the red fox Vulpes vulpes

Male-biased sexual size dimorphism is typical of polygynous mammals, where the degree of dimorphism in body mass is related to male intrasexual competition and the degree of polygyny. However, the importance of body mass in monogamous mammals is largely unknown. We investigated the effect of body mass on life-history parameters and territory size in the red fox (Vulpes vulpes), a socially monogamous canid with slight sexual dimorphism. Increased body size in males appeared to confer an advantage in territory acquisition and defense contests because heavier males held larger territories and exerted a greater boundary pressure on smaller neighbors. Heavier male foxes invested more effort in searching for extrapair matings by moving over a wider area and farther from their territories, leading to greater reproductive success. Males that sired cubs outside their own social group appeared to be heavier than males that only sired cubs within their social group or that were cuckolded, but our results should be treated with caution because sample sizes were small. Territory size, boundary pressure, and paternity success were not related to age of males. In comparison, body mass of females was not related to territory size, probability of breeding, litter size, or cub mass. Only age affected probability of breeding in females: younger females reproduced significantly less than did older females, although we did not measure individual nutritional status. Thus, body mass had a significant effect on life-history traits and territory size in a socially monogamous species comparable to that reported in polygynous males, even in the absence of large size dimorphism.

Supporting ad hoc collaborations in peer-to-peer networks

Traditionally, applications and tools supporting collaborative computing have been designed only with personal computers in mind and support a limited range of computing and network platforms. These applications are therefore not well equipped to deal with network heterogeneity and, in particular, do not cope well with dynamic network topologies. Progress in this area must be made if we are to fulfil the needs of users and support the diversity, mobility, and portability that are likely to characterise group work in future. This paper describes a groupware platform called Coco that is designed to support collaboration in a heterogeneous network environment. The work demonstrates that progress in the p development of a generic supporting groupware is achievable, even in the context of heterogeneous and dynamic networks. The work demonstrates the progress made in the development of an underlying communications infrastructure, building on peer-to-peer concept and topologies to improve scalability and robustness.

The collaborative P-GRADE grid portal

Grid portals are increasingly used to provide uniform access to the grid infrastructure. This paper describes how the P-GRADE Grid Portal could be used in a collaborative manner to facilitate group work and support the notion of Virtual Organisations. We describe the development issues involved in the construction of a collaborative portal, including ensuring a consistent view between participants of a collaborative workflow and management of proxy credentials to allow separate nodes of the workflow to be submitted to different grids.

A value chain approach to animal diseases risk management: technical foundations and practical framework for field application

Classical risk assessment approaches for animal diseases are influenced by the probability of release, exposure and consequences of a hazard affecting a livestock population. Once a pathogen enters into domestic livestock, potential risks of exposure and infection both to animals and people extend through a chain of economic activities related to producing, buying and selling of animals and products. Therefore, in order to understand economic drivers of animal diseases in different ecosystems and to come up with effective and efficient measures to manage disease risks from a country or region, the entire value chain and related markets for animal and product needs to be analysed to come out with practical and cost effective risk management options agreed by actors and players on those value chains. Value chain analysis enriches disease risk assessment providing a framework for interdisciplinary collaboration, which seems to be in increasing demand for problems concerning infectious livestock diseases. The best way to achieve this is to ensure that veterinary epidemiologists and social scientists work together throughout the process at all levels.

Förståelse, bedömningar och hjälpinsatser : Socialarbetares arbete med män som våldsoffer

This report outlines the background to, and presents the results from the Crime Victim Compensation and Support Authority funded project "Social Workers' understanding of men as victims of crime". The project aimed at describing and analyzing how social workers understand and work with male victims of violence. More precisely, the research has focused on how social workers describe men's vulnerability and how they understand men's needs for assistance, what assistance that is provided and the way the constellations of perpetrators and victims of different gender and contexts in which the violence occurs in affect the understanding of male victims of violence. The study has also been devoted to the question of whether the Support Centers for young crime victims in Sweden provide different types of and different amount of help to young men and women afflicted of violence. The project was conducted in three substudies. The results from substudy 1 show that more young men than women seek support from the Support centers studied. Men predominate in number of cases and in the different categories of crime. The results also show that young men on average receive less assistance over a shorter average duration than young women. This applies irrespective of the category of offense that the vulnerability applies to. Furthermore, the young men, compared to the women, proportionally receive fewer interventions characterized as support and a greater proportion of interventions in the form of information. The results also show that the young men are referred on for further action to a lesser extent than is the case for women. The results from substudy 2 show that social workers tend to focus on whether, and to what extent, young men who are victims of violence themselves have behaved provocatively before the violence incident and if they have put themselves in a social situation that could be interpreted as having contributed to an escalation of the violence they have been subjected to. The results from substudy 2 also show that social workers talk about the men as active in the violent situations they have been involved in and dwell on the extent to which the young men's own actions have contributed to the violence. The results also show that young men who are victims of violence are described as "reluctant" victims who are trying to cope with their situation on their own without the involvement of professional or other helper. The young men are also described as reluctant to talk about their feelings. The results of substudy 3 show that social workers believe that young men, when they become victims of violence, risks losing their sense of autonomy, initiative and decisiveness, that is, attributes that are often linked to the dominating cultural image of masculinity. Furthermore, the results show that social workers estimate that men's practicing of their masculinity, but also the response that men who are traumatized get from society, creates difficulties for them to get help. The results from substudy 3 also shows that attributes and actions that can be connected to the masculinity of young men's, as well as a lack of such attributes and actions are considered to be adequate explanations for the violence the men has suffered. When it comes to violence in public places it is the masculinity that explains the violence and its escalation. When it comes to domestic violence it is the lack of expected male attributes and actions that are used as explanations for the violence that have occurred. The discussion is devoted to the question of how the results should be understood based on the concepts of self-performance, interpretation, negotiation and categorizations, and the consequences the results obtained should have for gender sensitive social work given to abused men.

Strategier för presentationav arbetsprover inom grafiskdesign : hur en arbetssökande grafiskdesigner bäst ”säljer sig själv” tillanställning

För att få drömjobbet inom en konkurrenskraftig bransch som grafiskdesign krävs det lilla extra. Syftet med denna undersökning är att ta redapå vad detta extra är och därigenom underlätta för arbetssökandegrafiska designers på vägen till drömjobbet.Genom tre djupgående intervjuer med anställda på medelstora byråer iMellansverige undersöktes vad arbetsgivare uppskattar och förväntar sigav en arbetssökande grafisk designer. Frågeställningen behandladeportfolions framtid med branschens digitalisering som bakgrund, samthur en arbetssökande fångar arbetsgivarens intresse.Resultatet visar att även om portfolion utgör en stor del av underlaget förrekrytering av personal, är personen bakom portfolion och vad den haratt berätta om innehållet det som är viktigast. En portfolio som intebeskriver sammanhang duger inte som marknadsföringsmaterial. Attvårda det personliga varumärket framstår som viktigt för framgång. Dendigitala portfolion dominerar marknaden, men fysiska arbetsproverupplevs som ett möjligt sätt att stå ut från mängden. Digitala nätverkmottas positivt av branschen, men webbplatser anses ha mer substans.

Teaching Mathematics in English to Swedish Speaking Students : The Use of Second Language Teaching Practices in the Teaching of Mathematics in English to Swedish Speaking Students in Lower Secondary School

Over 20,000 Swedish lower high school students are currently learning mathematics in English but little research has been conducted in this area. This study looks into the question of how much second language learner training teachers teaching mathematics in English to Swedish speaking students have acquired and how many of those teachers are using effective teaching practices for second language learners. The study confirms earlier findings that report few teachers receive training in second language learning but indicates that some of the teaching practices shown to be effective with second language learners are being used in some Swedish schools

A revolução do consumidor

This study aims at disclosing the roots of contemporary consumer culture. By emphasizing the relationship between consumption and cultural and political dimensions of social life, this analysis focuses on some processes that took place in Europe since the end of Middle Ages throughout the XVIII century - e.g. the rise of absolutism, the development of royal courts and of a new life-style among them (they are the social group in which the first modern consumption features came to light), the upcoming of present (and no longer past) as the main reference frame for action, a new balance between tradition and novelty, the emergence of individualism - which are crucial to understand the genesis of present consumer standards and values.

O ensino da psicologia no curso de administração: como trabalhar em pequenos grupos favorecendo a relação de equipes

A autora, em seu trabalho na área de consultoria, observou que as pessoas não são instrumentalizadas em sua formação para operar nas interações. Ainda, que haja uma dificuldade muito grande em aplicar as informações, obtidas através de treinamentos a que são submetidos, às situações cotidianas do trabalho. Os processos grupais não são percebidos na sua amplitude, na medida em que são enfatizados os resultados, sem que o percurso para neles se chegar seja reconhecido vivencialmente. Neste sentido, muitos cursos são oferecidos, mas nem todas as pessoas passam a se dar conta de resistências, obstáculos inerentes a toda e qualquer interação. Ainda existe uma percepção forte de que o simples conhecimento evita distorções, e assim os processos internos se são conhecidos, são pouco vivenciados, e portanto há pouca possibilidade de transformá-los, quando não podem ser identificados, nomeados e aí então articulados com o teórico. Há uma cisão entre a teoria e a vivência. Foi refletindo sobre essas questões que esse trabalho buscou criar uma metodologia que auxiliasse o conteúdo da Psicologia e o trabalho em equipe.